US1748941A - Drilling machine - Google Patents

Description

J. '5. BARNES DRILLING MACHINE March 4, 1930;

Filed Feb. 18, 1925 87 I a 105 f2 115 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 March 4, 1930.. J. 5. BARNES. 1,748,941

DRILLING MACHINE Filed Feb. 18, 1925 s Sheets-Sheet 2 March 4, 1930. J. s. BARNES DRILLING mcnms 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Feb. 18, 1925 Pe.tented Mar. 4, 1930 com: S. BARNES, or nocxronn, rumors, Assmnon'ro. w. 1*. AND JOHN 12mins COMPANY, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS, A CORPOIQATION O]? ILLINOIS Darn-me 'mncniivn Application filed February The primary purpose of this invention is I to provide an improved production drilling machine, so called because it is especially de-..

signed for continuous or heavy duty work as is required in certain shops where large quan:

tit-ies' of parts are to be drilled. The machine is not, however, limited to drilling but is'adapted also for tapping and boring.

Anotherpurpose of my invention is to provide a drilling machine of this'kind which will have a large capacity asregards drill sizes, speeds and feeds, in comparison with its size. Y

A further purpose is to provide improved means for mounting and driving the tool spindle, whereby to eliminate as much as possible tool chatter and torsional and lateral stresses in the spindlewith a view to maintaining alignment [thereof under all conditions and to insure a fine degree of'accuracy g and precision in drilling. In other words by reason of these improvements the machine will produce accurate drilling within its capacityunder continuous duty operation where heretofore with prior machines intend-' ed for this purpose the desired degree of accuracy in drilling alignment has been'dilficult to obtain because of faulty machine construcparts, economy in the cost of production of these machine, and the facility for lubricating from a single source all of the gears and the various bearings.

Other objects and attendant advantages will be appreciated by -those skilled in this art as the invention becomesbetterunderstood by reference to the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1, is a, side elevation of a drilling machine embodying my invention;

' Fig-3; and

18, 1925.- Serial No. 9,912. I

Fig. 2, is a front elevation of the upper portion only of the machine;

Fig. 3, is a vertical section through the li ead taken substantially on the line 3-3 of -2; 1 Figs. 4, 5 and 6, are sections taken on the lines 4-4,

. Figs. -7 and 8, are sections taken on the lines 7-7 and ,8-8, respectively, of Fig. 2. 7

Frame construction 5-5 and 6-6, respectively, of-

My invention'is embodied, preferably not necessarily, in an upright drilling machine having a suitable base 11, an upright edestal or column 12 thereon, a; suitable wor table 13 vertically adjustable on' the column, and a head or top-housing desig-. nated generally by 14 rigidly securedtothe "IO box-section top of the column 12.

' The top-houslng 1s preferably .a one-piece casting providing a gear-box orcasing .15 direct y the exce tion that cover plates 17 and'18 are provide over the opening in the top of the gear-box and front-of the spindle ousing, respectively, for access to the parts therein.

It will be noted as the description progresses that the spindle and all of the bearings there- 3 for and the various gear shafts are supported above the column 12 and a spindle housing 16 overhanging the work table, with in this one-piece head or housing in .'a c m-- I pact and novel arrangement the purpose'sand advantages of which will be hereinafter described. v

' Spindle mounting Accordingto myinvention the isz' journaned ported in an upper andaf lower bearing top and bottom of th spindle housing-so as to provide a maximum length of bearing. The spindle itself, designated generally by 19, is in the form of a cylindrical bar of relativelylar e diameter, l

which bar slides in and is guided y the lower 3 bear ng and has a socket (not shown) in its I lower end for reception of a tool or tool-carrying chuck- The upper end 21 of the spindle is reduced in diameter and revolves "in suitable bearmgs 22 in'a non-rotatable sleeve 23 which slidesin a-bearing24 in the upper consequently the s indle lengthwise, the pin ion being operated y a feed mechanism which will be described later. The spindle is suported on the sleeve 23 by an end-thrust colar 26 adjustably secured to the upper end of the spindle-part 21, with a roller thrust bearing 27 interposed between the collar and sleeve, and the opposite or upward end-thrust resulting from the drilling pressure is taken by a roller bearing 28 interposed between the driving end 29 of the spindle'proper and the lower end of the sleeve 23. v p The spindle proper is splined from end to end and fits in complemental splines in a sleeve 31 which in turn is secured in the hub 32of a spindle drive gear 33, preferably a bevel gear. T he gear hub 32 revolves in a bearing sleeve 34 which is vertically adjustable in the spindle housing 16. An endthrust ball bearing 35 is interposed between the bevel gear 33 in the bearing sleeve '16; The bevel gear is bored out down to the splined sleeve 31 to permit the lower end of the non-rotatable sleeve 23 to telescope within the gear and thereby increase the feed length in an .organization of parts, such as disclosed herein. A suitable bearing 36 is provided in the gear 33 for guiding the lower end of the sleeve 23 and consequently the spindle.

While my'invention contemplates broadly an organization of parts, such as disclosed, or their equivalent, attention is directed to the specific construction of such parts, since this is one, of the principal contributing factors to the results obtained, especially in regard to maintaining alignment of the spindle. The bore 37 for the bearing sleeve 34 and the bore providing the bearing 24 are machined in a single setting of the spindle housing, with the result that they establish an accurate base for alignment of the upper and lower spindle bearings. The bearing sleeve34, preferably of bronze, is accurately machined and its bore is reamed. The lower end of this bearing sleeve is externally threaded and screwed into the spindle housing, thus providing a means for axially adjusting the spindle drive gear 33 with respect to its companion pinion 38. The gear .hub 32 is-accurately finis ed on its peri hery to have a running fit in the bronze bearing sleeve 34, and its bore is reamed to receive and hold in absolutely concentric relation the splined sleeve 31 and the bearing sleeve 36. Said splined sleeve 31, preferably of tool" steel, is

ground on its periphery, has a press fit in the gear hub 32, and is secured therein by any suitable means such. as a woodrufi' key 39and one or more set screws 41 between the sleeve and gear. hub. The splines in the sleeve are formed preferably by abroachmg operaiii-18,941

grooves. In other words, when finishing the sleeve 31 it is mounted on an arbor by location of its spline groove surfaces 42 so that when the eriphery of the sleeve isground it will be a solutely concentric. with said surfaces.

'The spindle proper is machined so that its splines 43 accurately fit in the spline grooves in the sleeve 31, both at the ends 44 and at the periphery 45, but leaving a clearance between the bottom of the spindle spline groove 46 and the sleeve splines, As a result of this construction absolute alignment of the spindlewill be maintained. In this re ard it will be noted that the peripheral surfaces 45 of the spindle bear against the surfaces of the splined sleeve 31 which in turn is accurately supported in concentric relation or axial alignment with the upper and lower spindle bearings. The bearings thus provided are one factor towards-maintaining the desired alignment. Another important factor is the location of the spindle-driving splines at the lowermost end of the spindle-housing so as to be close to the work and thus reduce to the minimumtorsional stresses in the spindle. Another and most important factor is the provision of three or more equally circumferentially spaced spindle-driving splines or keys, preferably integral with the driving part, in this instance the sleeve 31 which is in effect integral with the spindle-drive gear 33. The advantage of this construction is that the wear on the ends 44 of the splines resulting from the driving pressure will be reduced to a minimum and equalized, thus producing a uniformly distributed driving pressure 'as distinguished from prior constructions which employ one or two driving-keys which have a spindle proper and of the type of the drive splines,-a large lever arm is availablein transmltting the spindle driving pressure; Still: another advantage from a manufacturing standpoint is -the facility with whichfthe spindle may be maintained and guided to -a high degree of precision concentrically with.- in a driVing gear. This latter advantage is obtained primarily" because of the splined sleeve 1 construction described above, which sleeve is replaceable.

Spindle drive mechanism This mechanism,'enclosed and mounted in the gear-box 15, comprises .a series of horizontal shafts 47, 48 and 49 arranged in a vertical plane and journaled in suitable hearings in the front and rear walls 51 and 52, respectively, of said gear-box orcasing, and change-speed gears connecting these shafts. The lowermost shaft may be driven from any suitable source of power, the present machine being equipped with a drive-pulley 53 connected by. bevel, gears (not shown) to said shaft. On this shaft is splined a pair of inte rally I connected spur gears 54 and 55 whic are and 57 fixed to theshaft 48, said .the gears. Two pairs of gears are splined and independently shiftable on the shaft 49.

Thefirst pair comprising gears 62 and 63 are adapted to mesh, respectively, with gears 64 Z the gears of its respective pair.

and 57 fixed to the shaft 48, and the second pair comprising gears 65 and 66 are adapted to mesh, respectively, with gears 67 and 6.8 fixed to said shaft 48. Said airs of gears 62-63 and 65-66 are adapted to be shifted by operation of hand levers 69 and 71, respectively, at the control side of the machine, each hand lever being fixed to a rock shaft 72.

mounted in the side walls of the gear-box and having depending arms 73 connected to a shifter collar 74 located in a groove between By throwing the lever 58 to the right the gears 54 and 56;will be engaged for. the low-spindle speeds,

of which there are four, established progressively by throwing'the lever 69 to the right for engaging the gears 62'64,' to the left for engaging the gears 63 57, and by throwingthe lever 71 to the right for engaging the gears 65-67 and to the left for engaging gears 6.6'- 68. Upon'throwingthe lever 58 to the left to engage the" ears 57, fourhigher spindlespeeds may obtained. The spindlespeedsare,obviousl ,selective. Suitable means may be rovide for holding either hand lever 69 or 1 against operation when the other hasbeen operated to effect a speed change. At present I employ a locking lever v 70 (Fig. 12 ivoted intermediate its ends on the contro s1de of the gear-box and adapted to lock either hand lever'cfrom turning when the other has been operated. To this" end, the hub of each lever when turned, raises the adjacent lever end and forces the opposite end down into a notch in-the other lever hub.

It will be noted that the spindle. driving pin- It will also .be noted that by arrang-' ing thechange-speed gear shafts in a vert1- cal planeand journalling them in the front and rear. walls of the gear-box, the top housing structure may be made comparatively narrow without imposing limitations on the size of the gears and the length of the gear shafts and, furthermore, this gearing tram nec t ed directly thereto. Furthermore, the gear-box constitutes an oil reservoir and oil in the bottom thereof is picked up by a splasher wheel7 5 on the bottom shaft. 47 and by the gears'thereon' and thrown upwards 'so as to lubricate all of the-gears gear box, likewise the shaft bearings and the lower spindle bearing, it being notedthat there is an oil conduit or lead 76 from the front-bearin of the shaft 48 to the lower spindle hearing, which lead also extends to the bearing sleeve 36 for oiling this and the spindle proper. s j

Spindle feed mechanism Power for the spindle feed is transmitted from the u permost spindleespeed shaft 49 to a set of c ange-feed gears mounted in the upper'forwvard part of the gearbox 15 and be arranged close to the spindle and conwithin the connected with the spindle-feed pinion '26..

through the agency of a stop mechanism which may be either'hand or automaticallyv operated, as will be presently more fully described.

The change-feed gears referred to are mounted on horizontal shafts 77 and'78 ex-. tending transversely to the spindle speed shafts and journalled in suitable hearings in the side walls of the gear-box abovethe uppermost shaft 49. The feed'power is taken from a spiral gear 79 fixed to said shaft 49 and meshing with a companion spiral gear 81 fixed to a sleeve loose on the shaft 77. To 11 this sleeve is alsoifixed a pair of spur gears 83 and 84 (Fi' 5). Gears 85 and 86 keyed to the 'shaft S and .shiftable lengthwise thereon as a unit. are adapted to mesh, re V spectively, with the gears 83 and 84.1'10r changing speed between the sleeve 82 and the shaft 78, a suitable hand lever 87 and shifting lever 88 being employed for shifting said gears. The shafts 78 and 77 are con- 1 nected by change-gears 89 and 91 which may e either transposedor removed for substitution of gears of different ratio forthe purpose of'chan'ging the rate of feedwith respect to,

the spindle speed. It will be observed that I I the bearings'92 for the shafts 77 and 78 are set in from the change-gears 88-91, entirely within the gear-box, and that a suitable cover y and 85 are in mesh a low feed speed is proplate 93 closes the compartment 94 in which I said gears are located. When the gears 83 86 are in mesh a feed jspeed produced erally by 96." In this bracket is journalled a shaft 97coplaner with and at ri ht angles to the shaft 77 and carrying a loose bev'el gear 98 in mesh with the gear 95. Said gear 98 is adapted to be connected to the shaft 97 at will, by means of a manually. shiftable clutch collar 99 having a key connection'with said shaft, this clutch being shown engaged in Fig. 5. Said shaft 97 also has fixed thereto a worm 101 adapted tomesh with a wormgear 102 fixed to the feed shaft 103 to WlllCll the feed pinion 26, above-mentioned, is likea of bracket 96 a 'wise fixed. Saidworm ,is adapted to be brought into and out of mesh with the wormgear by raisin and lowering the front .end

out its-pivotal support on the shaft '77, thus connecting and disconnecting the feed-gear in the gear-box and the spindle feed pinion 26. p v Manually operated means is provided for raising and lowering the bracket 96 to engage and disengage the feed, and automatically operated means is provided for disengaging the feed at a. predetermined-time, thus providing what is known in this art as an automaticstop. The particularform'of automatic stop disclosed herein ismore fully described and claimed in my. co-pendin application Serial No. 464,416, filed April 18, 1921. The manually operated means mentioned comprises a cam element 104', in this instance integral. with a hand lever 105,

mounted on=a rock-shaft 106 at the control side of the machine, said cam element being adapted to bear against a thrust-plate 107 adjustably fastened to the bracket 97 beneath the front portion thereof. Said thrustlate has two seats 108 and 109 at different-e evations connected by an inclined surface, wherebiy upon oscillating the lever 105 in a counterckwise direction viewing Fi 8, the camv element 104 will be withdrawn rom the seat 108 so as to allow thebracket 96 to drop and unmesh the worm 101, the lower position being limited by contact of said cam element against the seat 109. Reversal ofthis operation raises the worm into mesh with the worm gear 102. Theaut omatic stop comprises an arm 111 fixed to the rock shaft 106',- a link 112 pivoted atone end to 'said arm and at-its opposite end toa follower 113,;a spiral-groove 114 in the worm-gear body-.102, in which" groove the follower 113 is located, and a stop element 115 adjustable to any position along the length of said groove and. adapted to actuate said follower by rotary motion 'of the Worm gear in a counter clockwise direction viewing Fig. 1, thereby unmeshing the worm gear and stopping the feed, as will be obvious.

.invention and 'lhe feed may also be operateddirectly by hand by 'radialhand bars 116 onthe feedshaft 113, or by a hand-wheel 117.fixed to I have provided a spiral spring 118 (Fig. 7

attached'at one end to an enclosing casing 119 in turn secured to the feed shaft 103 by a clamp 121,-t-he spring being attached at its opposite end to-a fixed part such as a boss 122 in the spindle housing. It will be manifest that as the spindle is fed down the spiral spring 118 will be tightened and that the stored-up spring pressure willbe utilized to aid in returning or elevating the spindle.

From the foregoing it will be manifest that when either the. gear or 86 is engaged with its companion gear and the clutch 99 and worm driveare engaged, the feed pinion 26 will be revolved by power simultaneously with rotation of the spindle by thespindledrive mechanism above described, the spindle speed and feed beingdeterminedby the particular gears in mesh in the respective changegear trains. H Itisv believed that the foregoing conveys a clear understanding of the principles of my a bearing sleeve axially adjustable in one of said bores, a spindle drive gear the bub of which is an internally splined sleeve fixed in said ear hub, a tool-spindle one end of which is sphned in said splined s'leeveand the other end passes through the other housing bore, a non-rotatable sleeve in which said other end-of the spindle is journalled and which is guided in said otherbore, and means engaging said non-rotatable sleeve for imparting feed move ment to the spindle. 3

2. A drilling machine as set forth 'in claim 1, in which the spindle drive gear has an elongated hub at the end remote from the non-rotatable sleeve and has a here at its opposite end of sufiicient diameter to allow said non-rotatable sleeve to telescope within the gear huh. Y

parts within thescope of the in combination, a

gournalled in said bearing sleeve,-

of the objects prefaced above, 1

3. In a machine tool, in combination, a

spindle housing' havin'g an internally threaded bore, a bearing-sleeve fittin in said bore and lthreadedly. engaged wit the screw threads therein soias to be axially adjustable, a bevel gear the hub of which is journalled in said bearingsleeve and the toothed body of which named beyond one end thereof,.a bevel pinion journalled in the housing and meshing with said bevel gear, an anti-fric-' tion end-thrust bearing interposed between the bevel gear body and the adjacent end of the bearing sleeve, a tool spindle telescoping within and driven by" said gear, and means for imparting axial feed movement to the spindle. x 10 In a machine tool,.in combination, a spindle housing hav ng spaced coaxial bores, a bearing sleeve secured in one of said bores and having an accurately finished internal bearing surface, a spindle drive gear the hub 4 of which has a running fit in said sleeve bearing and the internal faceof which is accurately finished, an internally splined sleeve the periphery of which is finished concentrically with respect to the bottom. surface so of the splined grooves therein, said spline sleeve having a press fit in the gear hub, a tool spindle the tool-carrying end of which is splinedfand fits in said spline sleeve, the splines on the spindle having peripheral lateral bearing andend driving bearing against -'compl'emental faces of the sleeve s line grooves and the opposite faces of the s eeve' splines, anon-rotatable sleeve in which the opposite end of the spindle is j ournalled and 30 which is slidably guided in the other bore of 1 the housing, and means engaging the nonrotatable sleeve for imparting feed move? ment to the spindle.

5. In a machine tool, the combination set 5 forth in claim 4, in which the spindle drive. gear is in the form of a bevel gear located intermediate said bores in the housing, and including a bevel pinion journalled in. the housing and in mesh with said bevel. gear, and 40 -I nean's for axially adjusting said bearing sleeve\ in the housing for maintaining the bevel gear inipro er mesh with its pinion.

I 1 6. A machine tliol as set forth in claim 4, v in which the spindle drive gear has an elon- 45 gated hub and-the spline sl'eeve'therein is? located at .the' e {d'of the hub. remote from thenon-rotatable sleeve, and a bearing in the g opposite end of thehub within which the non-rotatable sleeve is adapted to telescope 5 and which provides lateral bearing support for said sleeve; i

JOHNS. BARNES. a

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