US1740439A - Appliance for opening fiber bundles - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 17, 1929. 'T R 1,740,439

APPLIANCE FOR OPENING FIBER BUNDLES Filed Aug. 18, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 AAA/M f 7? I %z s gen Fig.5. 51%? KJZ-kz;

Dec. 17,1929.

R. SETZER APPLIANCE FOR OPENING FIBER BUNDLES Filed Aug. 18. 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Dec. 17, 192., R. SETZER APPLIANCE FOR OPENING- FIBER BUNDLES Filed Aug. 18. 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVE/V TOR Padaf5e71 LEM-9,439

mm, W, WZQ. F2. SETZER APPLIANCE FOR OPENING FIBER BUNDLES 7 Filed Aug. 18, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INENTOIIL a. fig} Sager fi Kkiw, W

ing to the character of the material.

Patented Dec. 17, 1929 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE APPLIANCE FOR OPENING FIBER BUNDLES Application filed August 18, 1927, Serial No. 213,958, and in Germany August 6, 1926.

10 fitted with knives, indented firms or spikes and pins, and revolving with considerable speed, thereby breaking up or opening the material, fed towards said cylinder, with the help of special mechanisms, designed accoTrdhe opened material is carried through a current of air, regulated in such Way, that all impurities, which are generally heavier than the fiber to be cleaned, are separated there- 2o from.

The principle of all these known machines, has the adhering disadvantage, that the cylinder must have a very high circumferential speed, in order to create a suificient centrifugal force, for the separation of the heavier impurities. It can be seen on the other hand that this high speed of the cylinder prevents any delicate treatment of the material during opening. In the fibrous material, which is brought to the machine, the single fibers are completely tan led and with the increase of speed of the revo ving spikes and pins, penetrating into the fibrous material, the danger is also increased of tearing the fibers instead of disentangling them.

The present invention eliminates these dis advantages in such way, that the opening and the disentangling of the fibers is made inde-.

pendent of the speed of the cylinder to a smaller or larger degree. Whilst in the usual openers the circumferential speed of the cylinder equals the speed, which is used for disentangljng the fibers, the latter amounts in the method to! be described below to only a fraction of the former.

For this purpose the fibrous material is caught by two or more combs, which are adranged in series, and also interlace, in such way, that this compound comb enters the of the fibers.

tuft and pulls the material caught. The disentangling of the caught material is carried out through moving the component parts of the above described compound comb away from each other in a manner more or less dependent on the rotary speed of the comb whereby the caught material is opened. It is immaterial for the principle of the process, by what means the moving apart of the components of the compound comb is mechanicaL ly effected, but it is important to select such design that the velocity is considerably lower than the velocity, with which the comb enters the tuft, and from Which the capacity of the machine depends.

The diameter of the average opener cylinder may be taken as 700 mm. and the number of revolutions as 900; this means a velocity on the circumference of about 33 In. second. With this high speed the spikes and pins on the like of the cylinder enter into the material. In the method here described, the same speed, if given to the combs on the cylinders, is no more the deciding factor in the stresses arising from the disentangling In its place comes now the velocity, with which the combs move apart, this latter velocity being only partly dependent from the rotary speed, but chiefly from the eccentricity of the cylinders. For cotton an eccentricity of 100 mm. is quite suflicient, so that it may be estimated in this instance with a velocityv=3 m., which is the speed of the disentangling motion, therefore about 10% of the circumferential speed. The larger the diameter of the cylinders, the more favourable will be the ratio.

It is very important that the combs move along the cylinders with exactly the same cir cular velocity, so that it will never happen that one or the other comb lags behind, for the danger may arise otherwise, that the corresponding combs will get entangled when meeting or parting.

In order that the object of this invention may be more readily understood a schematic form and one embodiment of the same is by way of example only, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig.1 the arrangement of the teeth on entering the tuft n a side view,

Fig. 2 the same arrangement in a front view,

Fig. 3 the arrangement of the teeth whilst opening the fibrous material in a side view, Fig. 4 the arrangement of Fig. 3 ina front view I F i g. 5 the schematic view -forthe demonstration of the action of the disentangling mot-ion,

Fig. 6 an embodiment of the object of Fig. 5,

Fig. 7 a sectional elevation of Fig. 6,

Fig. 8 an example of the application for a bale puller,

Fig. 9 an example of a single opening frame.

Pins, .needles or teeth 3 are fixed like a combfon bars 1 and 2, in such a manner, that the pins, needles or teeth 3 of the bars 2 may come into sliding engagement with teeth 3 of the bars 1 or in a similar manner between the teeth of the bars 1, so that they may act as only one range of teeth. The bars 1 are fixed in the sides 4c of a cylinder constituted by said sides 4 united by the shaft 7 having radial, slits 5 receiving the ends of the bars 2 ex-" tending within the eamming groove 6. This groove 6 is also eccentrically mounted in regard to the shaft 7 of the cylinder, so that by the entrance of the material the greatest approachment of the bars 1 and 2 to one another will occur and on the opposite position the greatest distance between these bars will be had. The centres of the two circles made by the bars or combs are arranged eccentrically to each other, so that this arrangement provides a carding action and an opening effect on'the tuft, similar to the opening of the batches with the fingers during the travel of the bars by turning of the cylinder half a round.

The feeding lattice 8 brings the cotton to the elevator lattice 9, above which the knife 10 forces any surplus of cotton back into the feeding chamber or box. A beater device or arm 11 throws the little opened batches from the pins of the elevator lattice 9 across a grid 12 and conveys them to an endless lattice 13, on which they are conveyed to a feeding arrangement 14. Upon leaving the feeding arrangement 14 they are caught by the opposed sets of teeth 3 mounted to meet at that point, one unit forming combs and opened on their continued movement until they come into the path of the air current 15, emanating from the dust cages, and are sucked away. Through the movement of the needles a strong centrifugal forceis developed at the same time which throws the firm tufts away against a breaking-up grid 16, so that a certain beater action is created at this place. An adjustable air draft grid 17 is arranged behind the breaking-up grid 16, in order to increase or lessen the suction effect.

Fig. 9 shows the present invention in the embodiment of a single opening frame. The cotton tufts come from the lattice 18, to the pedal feed 19 and the feed roller 20, by which they are presented to the combs, needles or pins of the opening mechanism. In the moment of catching up the tufts the needles of the two bars 1 and 2 form one unity. Upon further rotation, the bars 1 and 2 will part from one another and open the tufts. The impurities are cast into the outer grid 21 or the inner grid 22. By means of a brush-like roller 23 and a stipper roller 24 the fibers leave the needles and are cau ht by a dofl'er 25. The floss will be loosed f 25 by means of a blast pipe 26 or any other suitable means known in the art and put on the lattice 27. The lattice 27 brings the cotton web to the calendering rollers 28 on lap rollers 29 to form here the lap 30.

In the process here described the fiber tufts are opened and the combs are acting as draft organs. It must alsobe borne in mind that in the one construction the density of the pins alters with the increasing distance between the combs. The movement of the cjom'bs can be effected in the simple manner, that" the inner combs are fastened on a solid cylinder or drum, whilst the outer combs are fittdto discs, which are eccentrically pivoted. But it is also possible to move the outer rom the dofler combs in grooves, similar to gill boxes, so

that the movement of the combs, their twisting etc. is mechanically controlled. Such grooves or guides will also regulate the speed. with which the combs move away from each other. 1

This arrangement can also be applied, as shown here, for other machines as well as for the endless lattice here.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the natureof my said invention and in what manner the same isto be per;- for'med, I declare that what I claim is 1. A device for opening fibrous material comprising pairs of cooperating penetrating elements mounted for circular movement,the points of the cooperatin penetrating elements of each pair being a apted during their movement to come adjacent each other for penetrating together as a single penetrating point, the fibrous material and thereafter to gradually part from each other for opening the fibrous material.

2. A device for opening fibrous material comprising pairs of cooperating penetrating elements mounted for circular movements, the point of one penetrating element of each pair being adapted during movement thereof to come adjacent the point of its cooperating penetrating element for penetrating therewith as a single penetrating point the fibrous material, and thereafter to gradually separate for opening the fibrous material.

3. device for opening fibrous material comprising a rotatable cylinder, pairs of opposed cooperating penetrating elements car- 1 ried -by the cylinder, the points of said opposed cooperating penetrating elements of each pair being adapted with rotation of the cylinder to come ad1acent each other for pen etrating together as a single penetrating point, the fi rous material and thereafter to gradually part from each other for opening the fibrous material.

4:. A device for opening fibrous material comprising a rotatable cylinder, pairs of op-' posed cooperating penetrating elements carried by said cylinder, one penetrating element of each pair being fixed on said cylinder, the remaining penetrating element of each pair being adapted during movement of the cylinder to come adjacent its vcooperating fixed penetrating element whereb the points of said cooperating penetrating e ements will meet to form a single penetrating point to penetrate therewith the fibrous material and thereafter to gradually separate for opening 1 the fibrous material.

5. A device for o enin fibrous material comprisin a rotata le cylinder, a series of teeth fixed on said cylinder, a second series of teeth movably mounted on said cylinder and cooperatively associated with the first mentioned series of teeth, said series of movably mounted teeth being adapted with rotation of the cylinder to come adjacent the fixed series of teeth whereby the points of said cooperating series of teeth will meet to form a single penetrating point for penetrating terial.

the fibrous material, and thereafter to gradually separate for opening the fibrous ma- 6. A device for openin 'fibrous material comprising a rotatable cy inder, a series of teeth fixed on said cylinder, a second series of teeth movably mountedon said cylinder and -cooperatively associated with the first mentioned series of teeth, said series of movably mounted teeth being adapted with rotation of the cylinder to come adjacent the fixed series of teeth whereby the points of said cooperating series of teeth will -m 'eet to form a single penetrating point for penetrating the fibrous material, and thereafter to gradually separate for opening the fibrous material, and means fixed in 'said cylinder for 'ding the movably mounted series of teeth in their movement.

In witness whereof I have hereunto setmy hand.

' RUDOLF SETZER;

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