US1737982A - Typewriting machine - Google Patents

Description

Dec, 3 39290 B. c. STIICKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1926 ll Shams-Sheet I;

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33% 9 192% STHCKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE ll Sheets fiheat 2 Filed Dec. 8, 126

Dean 3, 19%, B. c. STHCKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1926 ll Sheets-Sheet 3 E. C. STBQKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1926 ll Sheets-Sheet Dec. 3, 1929. B. c. STICKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1926 ll Sheets-Sheet 5 Dec. 3, 1929. c, s c 1,737,982

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Fil d Dec. 8, 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 7 Dec. 3, 1929. c s-ncKN 1,737,982

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 8 gm; (11929;- I B. c. STICKNEY 1, 9

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1926- 11, Sheets-Sheet 9 Y E N K m T S C B TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8,

1926 ll Sheets=$heeis 1G Patented Dec. 3, 1929 "UNITED STATES PATENT "Fl-1E BUBNHAM C. STIGKNEY, F HILLSIDE,- NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB. TO 'UNDEB'WOOD EL- LIOTT FISHER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Yr, A COBPOBA'IIGN OF DELAWARE.

rrrnwm'rme momma Application filed December This invention relates to typewriting ma chines having automatic type-actions in which the usual keys when depressed, cause their respective type-bars to be operated by 5. power-driven means.

proved quiet type-action system coupled to v power-driven means embodied in a umt placed behind the typewriter and includin a revoluble power-drum having longitudina cam-faces formed thereon. The drum spans a system of power-levers, each of which is linked to a type-action. A spring-motor constantly urges the drum to rotate. The drum is cont-rolled by a pallet-frame actuated by the depression and release of any typewriter-key, so that the drum rotates one step to operate a correspondin type-action; An electric motor rewinds t e spring-motor when it is run down, and means similar to those shown in the United States patent to Pitman, No. 1,417,106, dated May 23, 1922, are provided to automatically start and stopthe winding of the spring-motor. I

An object of the present invention is to apply an improved quiet type-action system' of the type just mentioned to anUnderwood typewriter with minimum changes in said typewriter. I

Another object of the present invention is to use a typewriter having an automatic carriage-return mechanism operated by an electric motor, and to provide means whereby said motor may also rewind thespring-motor I that operates the type-action. Thus the motor is madeto perform a double function, and means are further provided so that these functions can in no wise interefere with each other.

Another object of the present invention is to provide compact assemblies of the parts forming'the power-drive for the type-action, the rewinding mechanism 'for the springmotor, and the automatically-selecting mechanism whereby the electric motor drives either the rewinding mechanism or carriage-return 8, 1926. Serial No. 158,231.

plication of Kurowski, No. 41,507, filed July 6, 1925 (now Patent No. 1,679,727, dated August 7 1928), and is illustrated herein with modifications to be described, said modifications constituting features of the present invention.

In carrying out the present invention there isprovided, as disclosed in my aforesaid copending application, a system of triangularlygshaped type-barsnormally in a cumbent position. Said type-bars are supported upon arms 'bymeans of which they ma be swung and raised to the printing position. The.

type-bars and their related arms are arranged as heretofore in lanes radiating from the printing point. elow said 11 pe-bars and their arms, corresponding keyevers are arranged in parallel array. Each key-lever has arranged above "it a power-lever on the end of which is a shiftable member preferably in the form of a swingable do which, when said key-lever .is depressed, swings toward a power-drum having lon itudinal cam-faces thereon; and thereby ren ers said power-lever operable.- Said key'levers normally keep the swingable dogs away from the power-drum. .Said power-levers are in.

orizontal array and the power-drum is between said array and the array of key-levers. To an arm of each of said power-levers is attached a link which extends toward and is attached to an intermediate lever of the third order. The points of attachment to said intermediate levers are in a straight line array, parallel to and spaced similarly to the arrayed ends of said power-lever arms. The intermediate levers are extended to enable them to actuate an arcuate universal bar which is concentriq with the ty e-bar-action system, and by means of whic letter-feeding carriage-escapement and ribbon-vibrating mechanisms may be operated. At a point close to the universal bar, each intermediate lever has attached to it a link which connects it with one of the type-bar actions. Each intermediate lever therefore has two points of attachment, one for the corresponding t pebar action and one for the correspon ing power-lever. The power-lever attachments on said intermediate levers are in a straight ness and manufacturing economy, is made" of stampings fastened together .to form a' drum of quadrilateral cross-section. Viewed endwise,"a portion of each stamping extending lengthwise thereof projects beyond said quadrilateral section, and forms one of the cam-faces of the drum.

A spring-motor of the type disclosed in the aforesaid patent to Pitman is mounted xalong the side of the typewriter for compactness. Said motor includes layers of heli cal windings of spring wire, the layers forminga continuous winding or coil having a large energy-storing capacity suflicient for a multiplicity of type-operations. The front end of the coil is connected to an esca ementwheel co-operating with a typeey-controlled pallet-frame. The rear end of the coil is he ed to a shaft which may be driven to rewind the spring-motor.

Means herein provided for rotating the rewinding shaft are also capable of registering the condition of the spring-motor and'aredisposed along the rear of the typewriter for controlling a novel motor-driven train operable to rewind the spring-motor.

A novel helical gear-connection forming part of the r'ewinding and registering means improves the sensitivity of said means as registering means.

The carriage-return. mechanism, shown in the aforesaid pending application of Kurowski, includes a rack upon the typewriter-carriage and a pinion in mesh therewith. The pinion may be driven by a corresponding clutch-member secured to a shaft along which the pinion may slide. A key and carriage controlled linkage for effecting a clutch engaging and disengaging movement of the pinion is provided. A switch controlled by said linkage starts and stops an electric motor which is geared to the aforesaid shaft on which the clutch-member is mounted. As the motor rotates said clutch-member, the carriage is returned to a position that is predeterminable by means associated with usual shiftable right-hand marginal carriage-stop and which means may operate said linkage to disengage! the clutch and open the switch to stop the motor. A suitable key may be operated to actuate said linkage to initiate a carriage-return movement. The motor is fastened to the rear side of the typewriter, and its power iS delivered through the usual speed-reducing worm-wheel or equivalent train.

To enable the electric motor to drive either the carriage return mechanism or mechanism for winding theaforesaid spring-motor, there is used a diiferential gear-mechanism, preferably of the planetary type, which consists of an arm, or spider having one or more planetary pinions in mesh with both an inner s urgear andan outer annular gear. The s ider is connected to the electric motor throng the speed-reducing train. Preferably, the inner spur-gear is connected to the aforesaid carriage-return clutch-member, and the outer anhular gea'r may be connected to the aforesaid shaft which is rotatable to wind the spring-motor. When the spider with its planetary gears is rotated the outer gear will be rotated to rewind the spring motor ifthe inner gear is restrained, or the inner gear will be rotated if the outer gear is restrained.

, '-Means are provided for holding the outer gear so that the inner spur-gear will rotate to drive the carriage-return mechanism and may be brou ht into and out of action by the aforesaid linhage that effects engagement and disengagement vof the carriage-return clutch. The electric motor is automatically started and stopped in accordance with the starting and stopping of a carriage-return operation.

Means, controlled by the aforesaid means that register the condition of the spring-motor, are employedtoautomaticallyrestrainthe inner gear of! the differential train for starting a rewinding operation of the spring-motor. @ther means, also controlled by the condition-registering means, operate to with draw said restraining means to stop the rewinding operation automatically. The electric motor is also automatically started and stopped in accordance with the starting and stopping of the rewinding operation.

The inner spur-gear is preferably restrained for a rewinding operation by means of an interponent normally held by a latch which may be readily operated, to release said interponent, by the aforesaid means that register the condition of the spring-motor. A spring-pressed interponent may serve to restrain the outer annular gear of the differential gear-train to effect a carriage-return op- "it should happen to be in position for a rewinding operation. Thus the rewinding 'operation may be automatically suspended to permit the differential gear-train to function for a carriage-return operation. In order that the rewinding operation may be autosuspend a rewinding operation. A positivelyactuated rewinding checking arm is employed to stop the rewinding operation, and -inay carry a dog rendered elfective by releasing a latching means easily operated by the aforesaid spring moto condition registering means. v r g The planetary gear-train'may be mounted on an extension of the shaft which carries the carriage-return clutch so as to form a compact assembly. Said assembly may also, as

will be shown,"include the mechanism which' restrain the aforesaid gears of the difi'erential gear-train, and may also include the mechanism which controls the restraining means, the entire assembly being enclosed in a compact casing or fixture on which the electric motor may also be mounted. Thus there is formed a compact unit which may readily be attached to the rear side of the typewriterframe.

Another feature of the invention is the provision of a novel yoke-shaped ribbon-carrier which may present a patch or central portion of the usual Underwood ribbon, mounted in the usual way, to the printing point of the typewriter. Said ribbon-carrier co-operates with ribbon-vibrating arms which are connected in a novel'wayto the usual Underwood ribbon-vibrating means which are behind the type-bar system, and which latter means are modified'so as not to interfere with said system. The novel ribbon-carrier being yokedshaped clears the zone of type-bar movement and does not interfere with said movement.

()ther featuresand advantages will hereinafter appear. l a

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation of a Underwood typewriter, showing how the features oi the invention are applied thereto.

Figure 2- is a side elevation of the typewriter, a portion of the right side of the type writer being broken away to show the clutch whereby the carriage-return mechanism becomes operative. The spring-motor along saidright side of the typewriter and the mechanism for controlling said spring-moor at the rear of the typewriter are also shown. I

Figure 3 is a side elevational view. show;

* ing a carriage-return key, and the linkage which said key may operate to cause the carriage-return clutch to become operative. In

this view the clutch is supposed to be disengaged, and said linkage is positioned accordingly. v

Figure 4 is a partly-sectioned view of the spring-motor, showing details of its construction.

- Figure 5 is a rear View of the typewriter, showing the electric motor and the enclosure for the differential gearing and its controlling parts. This View also shows the means that register the condition of the spring-motor.

Figure 6 is a sectional front elevation of the typewriter, showing particularly the arrangement of the type-actions and some of their operatingmemhers. This view also shows how the usual Underwood ribbonspools and ribbon-reversing mechanism are mounted. I V

Figure 7 is a front elevation of across-bar in whiclithe power levers are mounted, and shows how a detent of the ribbon-reversing mechanism is mounted on said cross-bar.

Figure 8 is a developed view of the typeheads as they rest against their cushion in their fully-retracted positions. This view shows particularly how the centers of the lower-case types. on the extreme type-bars may lie within the planes of said type-bars.

Figure 9 is a partly sectioned plan View of the typewriter, showing such features of the invention as may be clearly presented in said view. I, e I

Figure 10 is arear elevation, showing particularly the casing in which is mounted the planetary gearing and the means whereby said gearing is controlled Said casing is shown with its outer cover removed to present a clear view of said controlling parts.

Figure 11 shows the controlling parts of the planetarygearing thatare actuated when the spring-motor requires rewinding.

Figure 12"is"a rear elevation, showing the the parts, whereby the planetary gearing is controlledto rewind the spring-motor, and shows said parts. at the moment when the spring-motor condition-registering means have tripped the interponent-withholding latch to thereby cause said rewinding to commence.

Figure .14 is'a rear elevation, showing-how a rewind checking arm remains ineffective while the spring-motor is being .rewound, said arm moving idly up and down as the planetary pinion spider rotates.

Figure 'l5is a'rear elevation, showing how the switch may be closed to start the electric motor for rewinding the spring-motor notwithstanding that the interponent that is releasedto efiect'said rewindihg momentarily l I no Figure 13 shows the relative positions of In just about to escape from its latch which has been moved to the position shown, by means of the spring-motor condition-registering.

means not shown in this view.

Figure 18 shows how the difi'erential-gearcontrolling mechanism is operated to effect the return of the typewriter-carriage.

Figure 19 shows how thecarriage-return interponent has moved to cause the withdrawal of the rewinding interponent, and

also shows the finger that in this instance is inposition forpreventing the overthrow of sald rewinding interponent.

Figure 26 shows how a dog-holding latch on thevibratory checking arm is tripped to release a dog on said arm when the rewinding 1s to be halted. This view also shows the rewind checking arm at the end of a positive cam-impressed movement.

Figure 21 shows the rewind-checking arm 30' at the end of a spring-impressed movement,

and shows the released dog thereon in such position that the ensuing cam-impressed stroke of said arm is effective to rotate the indicated rock-shaft and thereby terminate at the rewinding.

Figure 22 shows how the cam-impressed movement of'the rewind checking arm has rotated the rock-shaft.

Figure 23' is a view, showing, in perspective, an assembly of the parts for controlling the differential gear-train.

Figure" 24- is a perspective view, showing the finger, check and latch that control the rewinding interponent, and also showing the springs and pivot-stud for said finger, check and latch.

Figure 25 is a perspective view, showing the construction of the novel power-drum having the cam-faces whereby the powerarms of the type-action system are operated.

' Figure 26 is a perspective view of the worm-gear housing with its motor-base, and the casing wherein the differential gearing is enclosed and wherein the controlling parts for said gearing are mounted.

Figure 27 is an operated view of one of the type-actions at the moment when the.

key-lever has been depressed and the dog on the power-lever released, thereby to enable said lever to be moved by the approaching cam-face of the power-drum to operate the type-action to print.

Figure 28 is an operated view of the same type-action at the moment when the powerlever has-been moved far enough, so that the dog thereon is about to escape from a cam-face of the power-drum. At this moment the face of the type has not quite reached the platen, the further movement of the type action to enable said type to print being effected by the momentum of said type-action.

Figure 29 is a plan view, showing particularly the modified ribbon-carrier and the means for vibrating said ribbon-carrier up and down. I

Figure 30 is a front elevation, showing particularly the modified ribbon-carrier and the parts for vibrating it up and down. This view also shows the universal bar, whereby the usual escapement and ribbon-vibrating mechanisms are actuated.

The Underwood typewriter to which the invention is applied has a platen 35 on an axle 36 journaled in a platen-frame 37,wh1ch is mounted for case-shifting in a letter-feeding carriage 38. Said carriage runs on rear and front guide-rods 39 and 40respect1vely, supported in the typewriter-frame 41.

Means for shifting the platen-frame 37 include the usual swmgable case-shift frame 42, extending substantially from s de tO SIdQ of the typewriter-frame 41 and having a front rod 43. The shift-frame 42 may be swung about pivots M to elevate the front rod 43 by means of a shift-key 4C5 attached to a shift-key-lever 46 fulcrumed at 47. ()nly the rear portion of the shift-key-leverengagmg one of the sides 48 of the shift-frame is 1 ndicated in Figure 1. The rod 43, as it is elevated, shifts the platen-frame 37 upwardly by means of the usual roller 49 in the middle of the platen-frame. The rod 43 is of such extent that the roller 4&9 engages said rod throughout the full extent of carriage-travel. The usual spring, not shown, retracts the shift-frame when the shift-key is released, and permits the platen-frame to reassume its normal lower-case position.

The type-action system is similar to that shown in my aforesaid pending application No. 36,594, and the adaptation of an Underwood typewriter to such a type-action system is a feature-of the present invention. Modifications of said type-action system to facilitate said adaptation" constitute other features of the present invention. The typeaction system includes a full complement of type-bars 50, forty-two in number, and each type-bar has upper and lower case types formed on the usual type-heads 51 fastened to said type-bar. Besides the type-head, other essential elements of each type-bar are two pivot- bearings 52 and 53, which, with the type-head 51, are relatively disposed to one another, as shown in Figures 1 and 28, so that swingable arms 54 and 55 connected to each type-bar at said pivot- bearings 52 and 53 serve to move the type-bar from the cumbent position, indicated in Figures 1 and 28,

to the upright printing position, indicated in Figure 28 alone. The relative positions of the type-head 5l,type-bar pivot- bearings 52 and 53 and fulcrum-rods 56' and 57 for the swingable arms 54 and 55 are so chosen that the type-head moves in the characteristic path, indicated by the dot-.and-dash line 58 of Figure 28.. It will be apparent from Figare 28 that with the type-head moving in said path, the corresponding direction'of type-bar movement is such that thelarger part of the.

momentum attained by the type bar, as it approaches the platen, reacts upon the fulcrum- rods 56 and 57, so that, at the instant of printing, the momentum of the type-bar against the platen is of such character that quiet and yet clear printing results.

Viewed from the front o1 the typewriter, as in Figure 6, the type-bars andtheirarms 54 and are arranged in radial array about the lower-case printing point. Each type-- bar is preferably formed from a single thin blank into two parallel plates separated at the bearings 52 and 53 by the thickness of arms 54 and 55, and joined along the edge 50, which is formed as said single blank is folded to form said plates. Une of the plates has a goose-neck portion 59 of proper form to carry the type-head 51.

As shown in Figure 8, the goose-neck portion 59 of each type-bar may be bent sidewise at 60 to bring the center of the lowercase type into the central plane of the typebar. Another bend in the goose-neck portion at 61 gives the proper inclination to the typehead, to make the upper-casetype reglster with the upper-case printing point. Figure 8 is a developed plan view, showing particularly how the inclination of the type-heads from the type-bar proper varies in the usual manner from a minimum inclination for the middle type-bars to a maximum inclination for the outer type-bars. In order to make thetotal angle, which includes the entire radial array of type-bars, as small as possible, the angular spacing between adjacent typebars may decrease as the inclination of the type-bar-heads decrease, this decrease in spacing being in accordance with the usual practice. j

As shown in Figure 8, the centers of the lower-case types of all the type-bars may lie in the central planes of their respective typebars, thereby entirely avoiding the twisting stress heretofore imposed on type-bars which had their-lower-case types ofi'set from said planes. By avoiding ofl'sets in the lowercase types, there are effected correspondingly less dfl'sets in the upper-case types, thereby minimizing said twisting stress, particularly at the outer type-bars, when the uppercase types print. it will be noted in Figures'ti and 30 that the total angle, about degrees, which includes the radial array of type-bars, is substantially less than the including angle in the standard Underwood typewriter, said latter angle being about 110 degrees. The.

reduction of this angle entails a corresponding reduction in the inclination of the typeheads for the outermost type-bars, and consequently the upper-case types for said outermost type-bars are not offset as much as heretofore.

In order to-conform to the radial array of the type-bars 50 and their arms 54 and 55 about the lower-case printing point, the ful cram- rods 56 and 57 for said arms must ohand determined by the minimum spacing between the ends 66 of adjacent type-bars (see Figure 6). It isobvious that the minimum spacing between the corners 6'? of adjacent type-bars is greater than the minimum spacing between the ends 66 on account of the radial. arrangement of the type-bars. The greater minimum spacing att e corners B7 of the type-bars permits the arms 5-5 to be of thicker material than the arms 54-. As will be shown, it is by rotating arms {55 in a clockwise direction that the type-bars 50 are actuated, and the use of thicker material for said arms 55 is desirable on accountof the greater tendency of said arms to wear at their vfulcrum-rod 5?.

Each typcbar50 in its cumbent position rests with the rearward portion at its edge 50* against a cushion 68, which stops the type v bar and limits its retractive movement irom the platen. Said cushion is arcuate and may be retained in an arcuate member 69, which may, by means of brackets 70, be secured to the type-bar-segment 63, as shown in Figure 9. Said type-bar-segment; 63 includes a suitably formed portion 71, in which the rear slots 65 for the arms 55 are cut, and also include another portion 72, in which the. front slots 64 for the arms 54 are out. Beyond the ends of said portions the type-bar-segment continues to'curve outwardly and upwardly toward horizontal extensions 73, Figure 6, by means of which to surfaces of side members of the typewriter-trams 41 may support said segment.

Key-controlled means, whereb r the-typebars may be selectively actuated, include a standard typewriter keyboard having keys 75 and alsonclude a power-drum generally indicated by-the number 76 and having camtaces 77. Every time a key ?5 is operated the power-drum 76, by suitable means to be described, is caused to rotate to an extent corresponding to the transition of one camits face 77 past a dog 78, which is at one end of a power-lever 79. The dog has a surface 7 9*which is normally out of the path of the revolving cam-face 77, but whichis caused to move into said path simultaneously with the depression of a key, in order that the power-lever may be rotated about its fulcrum by the rotation of the drum 76. To direct the movement of its surface 7 9", each dog 78 is pivoted upon its power-lever at 80. There is a dog and power-lever for every key 75, and key-levers 82 in their normal positions serve, by means of projections 83 on said levers, to hold the dogs disengaged from the power-drum. Conversely, upon the depression of any key, as shown in Figure 27, the key-lever thereof, rotating about a common key-lever fulcrum 84 withdraws its projection 83 from an arm 85 of the dog, to permit said dog, under the pull of a spring 86, to move into position for engagement with the power-drum. The movement of the do about its pivot ma be limited by a stop 8 coacting with suita le projections of the dog. The drum is constantl urged to rotate by a spring-motor, generally indicated by the number 88, which is normally restrained from said rotation by a pallet 89 of a pallet frame 90, said pallet holding an escapement wheel 91, which, as will be shown, is fastened to a shaft 92 of the power-drum (see Figures 2, 27 and 28) The completion of a key-lever stroke after the correspondin dog has been caused to move into the pat of the camfaces 77 ,causes, as will be shown, the palletframe to be rotated about its pivot 93 to withdraw the pallet 89 from the 'escapement- 96, which is common to all the power-levers.

wheel 91, and at the same time to interpose another pallet 94 into the path of an approaching tooth 95 of said wheel 91. In the ensuing rotation of the drum, the cam-face 77 will move the dog upwardly, and thereby rock the power-lever 79 about a fulorum-rod Just before the-tooth 95 of the escapementwheel reaches the interposed allet 94, the power-drum will have rotated ar enough so I that the surface 79'? of the dog is about to escape from the cam-face 77, which has engaged said surface (see Figure 28), and thereupon the power-lever is suddenly caused to be retracted to its normal position by means of a spring 97 against a stop-surface 98 formed on a bar 99, in which the fulcrumrod 96 of the power-lever is incorporated. As shown in Figure 28, the type-bar will not have moved far enough to print at the instant the surface 7 9 escapes from the camface. (lompletion of the printing movement 7 is dependent upon the momentum of the typebar and parts connected thereto. As already mentioned, said momentum is of such character that quiet and clear printing results. The type-bar movement is fully discussed in my aforesaidpending application. The

bar 99 is between the side members of the typewriter-frame 11, and has slots 100 for spacing and retaining the power-levers laterally. v The common fulcrum-rod 84 of all the key levers is incorporated in a bar 101, which has slots 102 for spacing and retaining the rear ends of the ke -levers laterally. The forward ortion of t e key-levers are spaced laterally by means of a slotted plate 103 of the. usual form, to which may be secured stopmembers 104 extending transversely of all the key-levers and serving to limit the movements thereof (see Figures 1, 27 and 28). Said members may be of somewhat resilient cushionin material. There is a-spring 105 for each ey-lever' to retract the same, one end of said spring being attached to a stud 106 at the side of the key-lever, the other end of the spring being attached to a ledge 107 bent horizontally from the plate 103, which is screwed to the typewriter-frame 41. Each key-lever has a hook-shaped portion 81 to co-operate with the usual Underwood key-lock-rod 108, which is caused, in. the usual manner, to be moved under said hookshaped portions and thereby look all the keylevers at the end of a writing line. v To brace the middle of the key-lock-rod, there maybe fastened to the slotted plate 103 a piece 109 having a rearward projection 110 which underlies said key-lock-rod when the rod is in looking position. To afford room for said piece 109 each of the key-levers to the right of said piece has its retracting spring 105 on its ri ht side, and each of'the key-levers to the le%t of said piece has its spring on its left side, thus affording room between the two middle key-levers for the piece 109, as isbest illustrated in Figure 9.

Operation of a type-bar to print, is effected by rotating the swingable arm pivoted to the corner 67 of said typeebar, clockwise about its fulcrum-rod 57, as shown in Figure 28. For translating the movement of each powerlever 79 into operation of the corresponding type-bar 50,- there is provided a train of con nections' between said power-lever and said swingable arm 55. Said train of connections includes a link 112 connecting an extension 113 of the arm 55, whereby said arm may be operated, to an intermediate lever 114, and

said train also includes a link 115 connecting v said intermediate lever 114 to a downwardlyprojecting arm 116 of the power-lever. The purpose of the intermediate levers, of which there isone for every power-lever and typebar, is toreceive the power-lever impulses at points 117 that are in horizontal straight:

line array opposite the arms 116 of the powerlevers, and to deliver said impulses from points 118 that are in arcuate array opposite to and conforming to the arcuate array of the operating extensions 113 ofthe swingable arms 55, Figures 6 and 30.. It is apparent .movement of all the points 118 of the levers 114, so that the type-bars are operated uniformly, it isnecessary that the lengths of the intermediate levers between points 117 and fulcrums 119 of said levers be such that the ratios of the latter lengths to the corresponding lengths between points 117 and 118 be uniform. To maintain said uniform ratios results in said fulcrums 119 being. arrayed with respect to points 117, as indicated in Figures 6 and 30. Each fulcrum 119 may be incorporated in a bracket 120 removably secured by screws 121 to a cross-bar 122 supported between the'side members of the typewriter-frame 41, Each of said brackets may be slotted and have the fulcrum 119 inserted transversely of the slot, to receive the intermediate lever. One end of each of the previ-' ously-mentioned springs 97 is attached to an intermediate lever. Said springs serve not only to retract the power-lever, as already mentioned, but also serve, as will be apparent, to retract the corresponding type-bar. The other end of the spring 97 is anchored to a plate 124 fastened to a rear member 125 of the typewriter-frame 41.

The shaft 92 of the power-drum is journaled at its left end in the left side member 123 of the typewriter-frame, and near its right end in a special shock-absorblng bearing inserted in the right side member 125 of the typewriter-frame. Said shaft 92 extends beyond said right side member to receive the escapement-wheel 91, and a pinion 126, which connects said shaft to a gear 270. of the springmotor 88. The escapement-wheel may be fastened to the hub of the pinion 126,'which is fastened to said shaft. The purpose of the shock-absorbing bearing is to deaden the noise and shock attending the operation of theescapement-wheel and pallet-frame in arresting the rotation of the power-drum at each typewriter-key operation. Said bearing (see Figure 6) consists of a sleeve 129 having a flange 130 and a nut 131. A hole in the right side member 125 of the typewriter frame is substantially larger in diameter than.

said sleeve, to receive, from opposite sides, shock-absorbing resilient bushings 132, which fit said hole and have holes which .closely fit said .sleeve 129. Said bushings have outer flanges, which are clamped by the flange 130 and nut 131 of the sleeve against said typewriter-frame right side member 125. There is also a shock-absorbingmounting for the pallet-frame in the form of an arm 133 (see Figure 2) loosely mounted on the powerdrum shaft 92, between the flange 130 and the escapement-wheel 91, and yieldably held against a stop 134 projecting from said right side member 125. For-pulling and yielda ly holding said arm 133 against said stop 134, there is a spring 135 of suitable dimensions applied to said arm at a horizontal extension i 136 thereof, said extension being beyond the pallet-frame pivot 93, which is on said arm.

It is apparent, that with the arm 133 loosely mounted on the shaft 92, the reactions against the pallets 89 and 94 are finally absorbed by the spring 135, and the shock-absorbing bearing for said shaft 92, as said reactions tend to rotate said arm with said shaft.

For enabling the operation of any keylever 82 to actuate the pallet-frame 90, and thereby cause a rotation of the power-drum, there is provided a universal bar 137 extending transversely of said key-levers and underlying projections 138 thereof. Said universal bar, when depressed by a key-lever,

rocks a shaft139 .by means of arms 140, which are joined to the ends of said bar and keyed to said shaft 139. The shaft 139 is journaled in the side members 123 and 125 to the typewriter-frame and extends beyond the right side member 125 to receive an arm 141, whereby the pallet-frame may be rotated to withdraw the pallet 89 from the escapement-wheel. Said pallet-frame has a'projection 142, which is engaged by the suitably formed end of the pallet-frame rotating arm 141. Upon releasing the typewriter-key, there follows a reverse rotation of the pallet-frame back to normal position, said reverse rotation being effected by a spring 143, which has one end attached to the pallet-frame at a stud 144, the other end being attached to a stud 145 projecting from a spur 146 of the arm 133 on which the palletframe is pivoted; Said stud 145 also serves as a stop, against which the pallet-frame is normally held by said spring 143. The reverse rotation of the pallet-frame also serves, as will be apparent, to restore the universal bar 137 to'its-normal position.

The letter-feeding carriage 38 is propelled in letter-feeding steps by the usual springmotor 145 (Figure 5), which is connected to said carriage by the usual draw-band 146, onl partly shown. Much of the standard Un erwood escapement-mechanism for letter-feeding the carriage has been retained, and only such changes have been made in said mechanism as were necessary to adapt it for the type-action system herein shown. There is retained the usual Underwood escapement-wheel 147, connected to the oneway pinion 148, which meshes with the letter-feeding rack 149 on the carriage. There is also the usual dog-rocker 150, carrying fixed and loose dogs 151 and 152 respectively co-operating with said escapement-wheel. The usual Underwood escapement-supporting fixture 153 has been modified bythe addition .of bearings 154, the purpose of which will presently be apparent. For supporting said fixture on the typewriter-frame, there is movementof said lever to move the type bar. Said ends 159 are in arcuate array,to which the shape of the universal bar conforms. .F or stiffening it, said universal bar has a chord 160. At each outer end of the universal bar and attached to its under surface is a downwardly and rearwardly projecting arm 161, pivotally connected to an arm 162. As shown in Figure 30', the arms 162 are outwardly and downwardly flaring portions of levers 162 having upper arms 163, to which is pivotally connected a frame having a cross-member 164 and sides 165 extending rearwardly from said cross-member.

It will be apparent that by means ofthe arms 161, 162 and 163 a forward displace ment of the universal bar effects a rearward dis lacement of the cross-member 164. To

ma e the cross-member 164 and universal bar 158 move in parallelism, the levers. 162 are fastened to a rock-shaft 168, for which the aforementioned bearings 154 in the escapement-supporting fixture have been provided. Besides being supported by the two pivotal connections to the arms 162, the universal bar 158 has in the middle thereof a forwardly-projecting tongue 166, whereby it may be supported by a slot 167 in the. under side of the type-bar cushion-retaining member 69. The cross-member 164 serves the same purpose as the similar :cross-member which was art of the usual Underwood universal bar rame, namely, to actuate the dogrocker 150, which is engaged by a middle portion 164 of said cross-member (see Figure 29). Said cross-member 164 also carries a member 169, whereby it is enabled to actuate the ribbon-vibrating mechanism to be described. Like similar sides of the usual Underwood universal bar frame, the rear- Wardly-extending sides 1650f the present ,cross-member 164 are pivotally connected to and supported by arms 170 of the usual frame 171, pivoted at its ends in the escapement-supporting fixture 153. Said frame 171, in conjunction with the levers 162 serves to move the cross-bar 164 in parallelism, and has the usual downwardly and forwardly extending arm 174*, which is engaged' by an arm 172 substantially in the middle of the usual space-bar rock-shaft 173. The usual space-bar 175 connected to said rock-shaft by the usual arms 176 is thus enabled to actuate the escapementqnechanism in the usual'manner. As shown in Figure 30, the end of said arm 172 projects between the twomiddle intermediate levers 114.

A ribbon-carrier 178 of a novel form designed to clear the type-bars herein shown, is

rovided, saidcarrier serving the purpose of moving the ribbon to and from the printing point'by'means, which are a combination of some standard Underwood ribbon-vibrating elements and added elements, which, as will presently appear, are necessary. The upper and ribbon-carrying portion of the ribbon-carrier '178 is of the same form as the similar portion of the regular Underwood ribbon-carrier, and is in the space between the type-guide 179 and the front. of the platen 35. It is obvious that the ribbon-carrier cannot be extended directly downward for connection with the usual Underwood ribbon-vibrating arm, because in 'this case both the carrier and said arm would interfere with the type-bar movement. It is for this reason that the usual Underwood ribbon-vibrating arm is shortened and becomes an arm 180 connected by a link 181 to another arm 182 on a ribbon-vibrating rockshaft 183. Said shaft 183 is of such length that ribbon-vibrating arms 184 at the ends thereof are outside the zone of type-bar movement. The shortened arm 180 and the arm 182 also clear said zone. It is to afford extensions whereby it may be connected to the ribhon-vibrating arms 184 that the ribbon-carrier 178 is of the yoke-like form, shown in Figure 30, having extensions formed to clear the type-bars and being pivotally connected at their ends to the ribbon-vibrating arms 184.

In order that the ribbon-carrier may be shifted up and down in accordance with the case-shifting of the platen, the ribbonvibrating rock-shaft 183 is journaled in three brackets 186 fastened to the rear of the front rod 43 of the platen-shift frame 42. The middle one of said brackets has a pivot 187 for a lever 188, which has the shortened arm 180. The upper arm of said lever is of the same form asthe upper arm of the usual Underwood ribbon-vibrating lever, said arm havingthe usual two pins 189. For actuating said lever 188, either one of said pins may be selectively engaged by the 'usual actuating member 169, which moves back and forth with the cross-member 164, on which it is mounted,

every time the letter-feeding universal bar 158 is actuated. The backward movement of said actuating member 169 rocks the lever 188 to effect, by the means just described, an upward movement of the ribbon-carrier 17 8, which carries the ribbon to the printing point.

' memes The extent of upward ribbon-carrier movement, and consequently which field of the usual bichrome ribbon 190 is presented to the printing point, depends upon which one of the pins 189 of the lever 188 is engaged. To enable it to engage either one of said pins 189, the actuating member 169 has-the usual slots 169 and is shiftable sidewise on the usual bracket 192, which is fastened to the cross-member 164:, F or shifting the actuating member 169' sidewise for aselection of the ribbon-fieldto be presented to the printing point, there may be provided the usual bichrome shifting means, generally indicated by the number 193,

, and including at the front of the typewriter the usual lever 194 for manipulating said means. Said bichrome-shifting means areof the type illustrated in the U. S. Patent No. 926,050, to F. A; Cook, dated June 22', 1909.

Coils 195 of the ribbon 190 are wound upon the usual reels, not shown, which are rotatable within the usual cup-shaped shells 197, which surround the upper end portions of spindles 198. Said spindles have the usual devices, not shown, for being connectedwith said reels. The usual means, whereby either spindle may be driven, to feed the ribbon past the printing point at each key-operation, include a hori zontalshaft 199, Figure 6, having two beveled pinions 200, solocated on said shaft 199that only one of said pinions may be in mesh with a pinion 201 of the corresponding oneof spindles 198. llheusnal means'for automatically shifting the ribbon-feeding shaft 199 endwise, to automatically reverse the ribbon-' feeding movement as one orthe other of the coilsl9fi becomes fully unwound, are of-the type shown in U. S. Patent No.' .828,548, to W. F. Helmond, dated August 14,1906. Said latter means include for each ribbon-spool, a; vertical shaft 202 that is automatically caused to be partly turned in the usual manner, to" pause a reversal of ribbon-feeding movement when the corresponding; spool of ribbon is run down. Each vertical shaft 202 is journaled in one of elongate bearings 203 formedintegral with the type-har-segment 63. The lower portions of the spindles 198. are journaled in bearings 204, also formed integral with said segment 63. The upper portions of spindles 198 are iournaled in brackets 205, which rest upon the horizontal extension 73 of the typehar-segrnent 63. Screws 207 serve to secure said brackets 205 and the type-bar-segment 63 upon the side members of the type-writerframe 41. leach bracket 205 has an'extension 208 directed inwardly to form ahutinents 209, to which the type-guide 179, formed as shown in Figures 6 and 29, may be secured by screws 210. For guiding the type-heads. 51 of the type-bars to the printing point, said type. guide has a groove 211 with outwardly-flared sides formed to guide the sides of the type.- hcads as they approach the printing point.

For imparting ribbon-feeding impulses to-- the horizontal ribbon-feeding shaft 199, there are provided the usual Underwood ribbon-feeding pawl 212 and check-pawl 213, which" cooperate with a ratchet-wheel 214 fastened to said shaft 199. Said pawls are at the inner side of the typewriter-frame right side ,inei'nber 125 and are mounted on a short spindle 215, journaled in said side member (see'Figure 2). Said spindle may be rocked, at each type-key-lever stroke, by -means of an extension 216 of the arm 141, which is caused to be actuated at each stroke, by the universalbar-.137 to work. the pallet-frame 90.- To enable, said extension 216 to rock the ribbon-. feeding-pawl spindle, there is fastened at the endof said spindle an arm 217 having a suit]- ably-formed edge engaged by the corresponding edge of said extension. Said edges are kept in contact by a spring 218. In order that the ribbon-feeding shaft 199 may be conveniently shifted manually, it is extended beyond the spring-motor 88, as shown in Figure 6, and has a finger-knob 219; The ribbon-feeding shaft 199is journaled in brackets 220, which are supported by the cross-bar 99, in which the power-levers 79 are fulcrumed. One of the pinions 200 on said shaft has a portion 221, which is part of the usual detentv are attained. To this end, the power-drum is made of separate stampings 223, as shown in Figure25. Said stampings have tongue-andslot formations 224, whereby the stampings, when assembled to form the power-drum, are fastened together. Each stamping 223 includes a, portion constituting a, cam-face 77, as shown in Figure25. To further conduce to lightness of the power-drum, each stamping 223 may have openings 225, indicated by the broken lines'on one of the stampings see Figure 25). For supporting the assembled stampings on the power-drum-shaft '92, there is ateitherv end of said .assembledf" am ings a hub 226 having a flange-227. In said-' ange 227 are slots 228 that interlock with corresponding tongues 229 "formed on the ends of the stampings 223, and thus the assembled stampings may be supported by the hubs 226 on the shaft 92. To secure the assembly of the stampings 223 and the hubs 226 all the outer edges of the ton ues may he peened into the corresponding s ots.

Means for returning the carriage by v ower include a rack 230 extending longitudinally of the carriage, as shown in Figure 5, and a pinion 231 in mesh with the rack. The pinion

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