US1710604A - Sand-blast apparatus - Google Patents

Description

C. E. BILLINGS SAND BLAST APPARATUS April 23, 1929.

S Sheets-Sheet Filed March 26, 1923 INVENTOR (ZZqreneeE Billings his ATTORNEYS April 23, 1929 c. E. BILLINGS 1,710,604

SAND BLAST APPARATUS Filed March 26, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Clarence E. B

1H6 ATTORNEYS E. BILLINGS April 23, 1929. c,

SAND BLAST APPARATU Filed March 26, 1923 5 Sheets-Sheet HS ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 23, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLARENCE E. IBILLINGS, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGN'OR TO THE NEW HAVEN SAND BLAST COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

SAND-BLAST APPARATUS.

Application filed March 26, 1923. Serial No. 627,693.

My invention relates to sand blast apparatus and particularly to a sand blast tumbling barrel, the object of my invention being to provide an improved device of the general character shown in the Dreisbach Patent No. 9l8,270, but adapted to hold castings of larger size and to operate upon the same from nozzles arranged at the ends of the barrel instead of inside the tumbling chamber. A further object of my invention is to clean the sand by means of a counter-blast device arranged to cooperate with the automatic sand recovery scoops in the ends of the barrel.

A sand blast machine of the same general type to which the present invention relates described and claimed in the copending joint tI'PPllCEliZlOX'l of George G. Fatscher and the present applicant filed concurrently herewith and serially nun'ibered. 627,680. Some of the features claimed in this copending application are disclosed in one form in the present case.

In the accompanying drawings- Fig. 1 is a broken front elevation of a tumbling barrel in which my invention is illustratively embodied in one form;

Fig. 2 a broken end elevation of the same;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic vertical section of a drum end in which my dust-separating mechanismis arranged; I

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 44, Fig. 3; and

Fig.1. 5 is a partial section on the line 5-5, Fig.

The barrel in the form here shown is supported on rollers mounted in the frame 11 and driven in unison by any suitable mechanism, such as a train of gears 12 operated from the belt wheel 13. The barrel comprises an outer shell 14 and within the same and spaced there from a perforated cylindrical screen 15 into which the castings are introduced through a door 16. The opposite ends 17 of the drum are solid and rotate therewith. being provided however with axial openings 18 through which the blast nozzles 19 project the blast sand, grit or the like. Heads 20 of greater diameter than the body of the barrel rotate therewithand are provided on their inner faces with scoops 21 for the automatic recovery of the sand in a manner similar to that described in the Dreisbach patent above referred to. These scoops lift the sand during the rotation of the barrel and deliver to a hopper carried by the stationary head 23 at each end of thebarrel. A valve 24, can trolled exteriorly by the valve handle 25 permits the escape of the sand from the hopper 22 into the mixing chamber 26 of the blast nozzle 19. The air or steam under pressure is conducted to the mixing chamber through a flexible pipe 27.

In order to deflect the sand from the body of the tumbling barrel to the recovery heads, at each end thereof, I arrange a series of guide plates or ribs 28 between the perforated screen 15 and the shell 14 sothat the sand falling through the former is deflected by the ribs 28, as the barrel rotates, to the heads 20 at the opposite ends of the barrel. These ribs 28 may be secured in position by any suitable means, such as bolts 29 passing through flanges 30 on the ribs and through both the shell 14 and the screen 15. An aperture 31 in the plate 17 adjacent the end of each rib 28, permits the discharge of the sand as it slides down the latter into the head 20. I have shown a head at each end of the barrel in the present construction, but obviously it would be possible to carry the ribs across the length of the barrel and deflcctthe sand to one end alone. V

In the construction. shown in Figsl and 2, I have shown no means for separating the dust from the sand save the ordinary draw-oil dust wipe 32 which opens into the plate 23 at each end of the apparatus. The sand may be automatically cleaned of dust however by the counter-blast arrangement shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. In this modification I have arranged a supplemental hopper funnel 33 through which the sand lifted by the scoops 34 is discharged again within the area of the head 20. The sand travelling down this hopper funnel is counterblastediby the exhaust passing up to the dust pipe 32 with which the lower leg of the fnnnet 33 communicates. The sand is then lifted by the scoops 35 and discharged to the hopper 36 from which it is led to the blast nozzle 19 in the usual manner'. To secure these results the head is divided by a peripheral partition 37 of sutlicient width to prevent the sand, discharged into the head from the ribs 28, from passing to the opposite side of the partition. The scoops 3 1 are of such angle that as the barrel rotate. the sand lifted thereby discharges to the tunnel hopper 33, the latter being on the opposite side of the vertical axis of the barrel from the hopper 86. The clean sand discharged through the lower leg of he hopper 33 drops on the opposite or outer side of the partition 37 and is there li'lted automatically by the scoops 35. The latter are so shaped that they carry their lead to a point above the hop per 36 before they discharge. A convenient construction oil the scoops to this end is shown in Fig. 3, in which the scoops are provided with a supporting ledge 38 at their inner ends.

As a matter of convenience, the stationary plate 23 for each of the heads 20 may be swung upon supporting bracket 41 pivoted at 42 to one oi the uprights of the :l'raine 11. A section 10 of the exhaust pipe 32 is rigid with the plate 28 and swings open with the latter, making a lap joint 43 with the main exhaust pipe when the end closure shut. A latching bar 39 is carried by the plate and provided with a locking bolt l-l which is screwed down in a socket 15 carried by a frame element at the front of the machine, when the end plate 23 closed.

The operation of the barrel is readily understood. After the barrel has been brought to a position in which the charging door 16 is readily accessible, the door is removed by loosening its bolts and the castings to be cleaned are introduced within the screen barrel 15. The door is then closed and fastened and the apparatus set in motion. As the ljlllf lll sand. or grit misses through the screen 1!) and tells upon the shell. 14, it is delivered by the ribs 28 to the lower portions of the lmad 20 at each end. of: the barrel. In the construction shown in Fig. 1 the scoops E31 lift the sand automatically and drop it into the hopper 22 from which it discharges to the blast nozzle 19 in such quantity as may be determined by the extent to which the valve 24: is opened by the handle 25.

In the modified. construction of Pi 3 to 5 inclusive the sand is first lifted by the scoops 34 and discharged to the tunnel hopper 33 through the lower leg of which passes the counter-blast exhaust into the dust pipe The clean sand drops to the scoops and lifted by them to the hopper 36 whence it discharges to the nozzles 19 in a manner similar to that just (,lCSCIllJOClTl OT the construction shown in 1 and 2.

Should it be necessary to obtain access to the nozzle or other mechanism within the head 20, it is possible to do so by loosening the locking bolt 4 1 and swinging open the end plate Ho. The extentto which the latter may be opened is oil course limited by the length of the flexible blast connection 27.

Various modifications of construction which embody my invention will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art, without departing from what I claim as my in vention.

I claim 1. A sand blast machine comprising a retary drum, an inner screen spaced therefrom and rotating therewith and having: an end plate cent-rally apcrturcd tor the admis sion of a blast to the interior o l the screen, a rotary head at the end of the drum, means arranged between the screen and drum to dcl'lect to the rotary head the sand passing through the screen, and means carried. by said. rotary head. to lift the sand for return to the blast devices.

2. A sand blast machine comprising a rotumb barrel her an outer shell dan inner screen spaced therefrom, spiral and deflecting ribs fixed with relation to for leading the blast sand to the end of the drum, blast mechanism GXl'Gl'lOL to the tuniot the drum for lifting the deflected sand and delivering it to the blast mechanism.

3. A sand blast machine comprising a rotary tumbling barrel having an outer shell and an inner screen spaced therefrom, a blast nozzle ar 2111;; d at the end and outside of the screen and directing its blast inwardly and downwardly into the screen, and means at fixed to and rotating with the barrel to automatically gather and return to the blast mechanism the sand discharged into the screen.

A sand blast mechanism comprising a rotary sand blast barrel having a shell, and neared within the same a s 'ecn container for "ings or the like. a rotary head at the end oi the barre scoop on the interior of said head. deflecting means arran 'ed between the screen and shell for deflect to the scoops in said head. the sand p: up; through the rotary screen, and a. blast device to which said scoops deh er the sand litted thereby.

5. A sand blast mechantin comprising a rotary sand blast barrel having a shell, and

d within the same a scrceneontainer tor the like, a rota head at the end 7 barrel, scoops on the interior out said head, deflecting means arranged between the screen and shell for dellecting to the scoops in said head the sand passing; thromrh the rotary screen, and a blastdevice to \i'hivh s d scoops deliver the sand. lifted thereby, together with a stationary end plate for supporting a blast nozzle. l

(i. In a sand blast apparatus, a rotary tumbling barrel, a roiary head at the end lhereol, a blast nozzle discharging through arranged between said screen and shell. 3

r ng body of the drum and means at the end i tlll lllll said head into the barrel, means for leading to said head the blast sand discharged into the barrel, and scoops mounted on the inner periphery of said head for lifting and returning the sand to the blast mechanism.

7. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary shell and a screen within the same, a blast nozzle at the end of the screen, and means attixed to and rotating with the shell for deflecting the sand passing through the screen, to the end at which the blast nozzle is arranged.

8. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary shell and a screen within the same, blast nozzles at the 0pposite ends of the screen, and means affixed to and rotating with the shell for deflecting the sand passing through the screen, to the opposite ends thereof at which the blast nozzles are arranged.

9. In a sand blast apparatus, a rotary tumbling barrel having a head rotating therewith, means carried by said head for lifting the sand delivered thereto, a sand hopper to which the lifted sand is eventually discharged, and a counter-blast device for free ing the sand of entrained dust before it reaches the hopper.

10. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary head, a sand blast nozzle arranged within said head, means carried by said head for lifting and discharging sand delivered thereto, together with means within the head for freeing the sand of entrained dust between its delivery to said head and its discharge by the latter;

11. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary head, an exhaust from the latter having a passage within said head, means for leading the blast sand from the body of the barrel to said head, and means within said head for lifting the sand and discharging the same through said exhaust passage counter to the draft therethrough to remove its entrained dust.

12. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary head, an exhaust from the latter having a passage within said head, means for leading the blast sand from the body of the barrel to said head, and means within said head for lifting the sand and discharging the same through said exhaust passage counter to the draft therethrough to remove its entrained dust, and a ho per to which the cleaned sand is delivered by said head.

In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary head, a plurality of series of scoops mounted on the inner periphcry and adapted to lift sand delivered thereto, the scoops of one series being adapted to carry the sand beyond the peripheral point at which the other series discharges.

14. In a sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary head, a plurality of series of scoops mounted on its inner periphery and adapted to lift sand delivered thereto, the scoops of one series being adapted to carry the sand beyond :the peripheral point. at which the other series discharges, in combination with means within the head to receive the sand from each series ofscoops.

15. In sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary sand recovery head, comprising a plurality of series of lifting scoops, a counter-blast funnel hopper into which one series of scoops discharges and a hopper to which the other series discharges.

16.In sand blast apparatus,a tumbling barrel having a rotary sand recovery head, comprising a plurality of series of lifting scoops, a counter-blast funnelhopper into which one series of scoops discharges and a feed hopper into which the other series discharges, the sand passing through the mom tor-blast funnel hopper being deliveredto the scoops which deliver to the feed hopper.

17. In sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary sand recovery head, comprising a plurality of series of lifting scoops, a counter-blast funnel hopper into which one series of scoops discharges, and a feed hopper into which the other series discharges, together with a means for delivering sand from the feed hopper to a blast nozzle.

18. In sand blast apparatus, a tumbling barrel having a rotary sand recovery head, comprising a plurality of series of lifting scoops, a counter-blast funnel hopper into which one series of scoops discharges and a feed hopper into which the other series discharges, said hoppers being independent of each other.

19. A sand blast machine comprisin a rotary tumbling barrel having an outer s ell and an inner screen spaced therefrom, said shell and screen being rigid with relation to each other and rotating together, a blast mechanism arranged outside the screen but adapted to pla upon objects carried bythe screen, in com ination with a plurality of spaced spiral ribs arranged between shell and screen and rotating therewith for leading the blast sand by gravity to the end of the drum, and means at the end of the drum for returning the deflected sand to the blast mechanism.

20. Sand blast apparatus, comprising a tumbling barrel, a sand blast mechanism for playing upon articles Within the barrel, an exhaust at one end of the barrel, means for returning the used sand to the exhaust end of the barrel, and means for lifting and cascading the sand counter to the current of exhaust air to remove entrained dust, together with means for lifting and returning the cleaned sand to the blast mechanism.

21. A sand blast machine, comprising a rotary drum, mechanism for directing a sand blast from the end of the drumupon contained articles within the latter, means rotating with the drum for deflecting the spent sand to one end of the drum, and means arranged on and rotating with said end of the drum torliltingthe deflected sand, and for delivering the same for reuse.

22. A sand blast machine, comprising a ro tary drum, mechanism for directing a sand blast from the end of the drum upon con tained articles within the latter, means r0 tating with the drum for deflecting the spent sand to one end of the drum, and means arranged on and rotating with said end of the drum for lifting the deflected sand, and for delivering the same for reuse, together with means for cleaning said sand before its delivery for re-use.

23. A sand blast machine con'iprising a hollow rotary member, sand blasting means for sand blasting articles in said rotary mci'nber, an outer shell or casing receiving sand from said hollow rotary member; means carried by said rotary member for lifting the sand after use in said rotary member to redeiiver itto the sand blasting means said lifting means being on the sides of said rotary member and devices between the rotary member and the outer shell or casing for shifting the sand laterally to direct it i nto'said lilting devices.

24. A sand blast machine comprising a hollow rotary member, sand blasting means for sand blasting articles in said rotary member, an outer shell or casing surrounding the hollow rotary member; means carried by said r0- tary member for lifting the sand for use in the rotary member to redeliver it to the sand blasting means, said lifting means being on the sides of said rotary member and devices for shifting the sand laterally to direct it into said lifting devices, said sand shifting means comprising vanes carried by the periphery of the rotary member and arranged at an inclination.

In a sand blast apparatus, a rotary member having a sand collecting chamber, sand blast devices at the ends ol. said member sand carrying compartments externally of the rotary member carried thereby and in communication with said collecting chamber, stationary sand containers to receive sand from said compartments, and deflectors in said collectinpchamber for discharging sand therefrom into said sand carrying compartments when the rotary member is rotated.

26. The combination of a hollow rotary member for use in sand treating articles, said member being provided with apertures through which used sand may pass, a shell or casing outside of said rotary member, said shell or casing being arranged to receive sand through the apertures of said rotary member and having a substantially imperlorate construction so as to hold and retain all of the sand received, sand shitting means located in the chamber formed by the shell or casing and arranged to shiiit sand laterally and sand elevating means rotating with said rotary membe and ca ing and adapted to rcceivb sand from said chamber and elevate and return it for re-use.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

CLARENCE E. BILLINGS.

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