US1707778A - Method of making metal articles - Google Patents

Description

Ap 1929. w. P. WITHEROW 1,707,778

METHOD OF MAKING METAL ARTICLES Filed Jan. 5, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet .1

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IBTHOD OF MAKING MET'AL ARTICLES Filed Jan. 5, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 illllllh HM mum] w W 10 i Z 1 8 ll Q 11 Z lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIHIll|llllllllllllllllll||lllllllllllIllllHlllilII Hlllllhl IIIIIIIIHIllllllllllllIIll|I)||ll||I]!|IllIIIIIIIHIIIIHIIHIXII IllllllllllllllllllllllllIIIIIIIHI Patented Apr. 2, 1929.

UNITED ST T S PATENT oFI-icu.

, WILLIAM I. 'WITHEROW, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB, BY HEBNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO COLONIAL TRUST COMPANY, SYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

TRUSTEE, OI PITTSBURGH, PENN- METEOD 01' MING METAL ARTICLES."

Application filed January 5, 1986. Serial No. 79,398.

This invention relates to a method of making metal articles, and particularly to the making of articles in which forging, pressing or the like constitutes one of the later operations.

In ordinary drop forgin practice, it is customary to form a blank Ey a drawing or blocking operation in which a piece of stock, which is uniform in cross-section from end to end, is put through a preliminary operation to secure a blank having varying masses of metal suitably disposed therealong. Lately the blocking operation has been replaced in many plants by die rolled blanks manufactured in acccordance with the methods disclosed in my Patent 1,572,343, Feb. 9, 1926.

As disclosed in that patent, the blanks having masses of metal suitabl disposed thereon are rolled in a mill with lntegral flash ap 2 pearing at various points along the article. The flash is trimmed and the blanks are then ready for forging.

As heretofore proposed, the blanks have been placed in the forging dies in such position that the flash zones lie substantially in the parting line of the forging dies. In other words, the blanks occupy the same position relative to the dies as they occupied relative to the rolls in which they were produced. T

I have found that a material improvement results in edging the blanks in the forging dies so that the flash zones lie at an angle to the parting line of the forging dies rather than in such parting line. By making this change I am enabled to materially simplify the rolling problem in many cases and to cut down, to a very large extent, the amount of flash produced. The flash is of great value during rolling because of the control of length which it affords, but after trimming it is waste metal, and since many articles of the character herein contemplated are made from high priced alloy steel, any reduction in waste which can be effected is of material importance. The'die rolling operation is effective for producing blanks wherein the masses of metal are roperly disposed in every blank thereby su sta'ntiallyeliminating rejects in the'forging operation, while the edging step herein disclosed makes it possible to initiall die roll a blank having arelativel smal amount of flash while still providing the desired disposition of the metal.

Preferably the blank is ground at the flash zone so as to eliminate any splinters or tears which might arise from the shearing of the flash, thus doing away with any possibility of cold shuts or laps in the forged article.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention there is shown b way of example only the various steps in the production of a gonnecting rod in accordance with-my inven Ion.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical section through a pair of die rolls for producing a blank;

Figures 2 and 3 are, respectively, to and side views of a portion of a string of b anks with integral flash thereon produced by the die roll shown in Figure 1;

Figures 4 and 5 are, respectively, top and side views, to an enlarged scale, of a single blank formed from the string shown in F igures 2 and 3 by trimming and shearing;

Figure 6 is a top plan view of the untrimmed forging produced by edging the blank of Figures 4 and 5 in a suitable pair of forging dies and forging thesa'me;

- Figure 7 isa section taken on the line so VII-VII of Figure 6 and also indicating the forging dies in dotted lines and the position of the blank therein in chain lines;

Figure 8 is a section taken on the line VIII-VIII of Figure 6 and showing in chain lines the corresponding section of the blank; and

Figure 9 is a view showing a completed connecting rod.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention there is shown a pair of die rolls 2 having corresponding matrix portions 3 for the production ofa die rolled blank. A suitable billet or leader L is supplied to the die rolls as indicated in dotted lines in Figure 1 and a string of die rolled blanks having flash thereon is thereby produced. This string of blanks is indicated in dotted lines S in Figure 1.

Figures 2 and 3 show the string of blanks.

is a certain amount of variation and also a certain amount of tearing and splintering of the metal at the line of severance. I preferably grind or otherwise remove this condition of roughness or rawness existing at the flash zone so that the finished blank presents a relatively smooth surface at the flash zones as indicated at Z.in Figure 5. This is found to be of material value in the subsequent forging operation.

The blank is heated and placed between suitable forgingdies i indicated more or less diagrammatically'in Figure 7 with the blank on edge as best shown in Figure 7. It will be noted that the line of the flash zones, instead of lying in the parting line of the dies, is at right angles thereto. In the die rolling of certain blanks, it may be possible that flash would be produced on one side only of the article, but by the present invention I contemplate the utilization of such blank by so placing it in the dies that a line connecting the axis of the blank with the flash zone lies at an angle to the parting line of the dies.

The for ing dies 4 are operated to produce the orged blank shown in Figure 6. This consists of a pair of connecting rods 5 joined together at their big ends 6 and completely surrounded by flash 7. It will be noted that a tong hold 8 has been provided on the blank to assist the drop forger. The productioh of two articles at once in the forging dies as shown in Figure 6 is exceedingly desirable in connection with the use of die rolled blanks as it materially simplifies the cutting of the rolling matrices and also makes a better blank from a production viewpoint. As shown in Figure 5 the blank consists of a central portion 9 comprising a relatively large mass of metal from which the bi ends 6 of the connecting rods are forged; re atively smaller masses of metal 10 from which the small ends of the connecting rods are forged and thin connecting portions 11 from which the body of the connecting rod is made. The portion 11 is indicated in the dies in Figure 7 while the portion9 is shown n comparison with the section forged therefrom in Figure 8.

It will be noted that the flash zones Z extend across the several portions of the blank.

The flash 7 is trimmed from the connecting rods 5 and they are sawed apart on the line VIII-VIII. The thin metal portion 12 of the blanks lying inside the eyes of the big end portions is out out and the connecting rod lank is then in the form shown in Figure 9. The body portion is completely finished and it requires only the machining operations and the provision of bearing metal to make a completed rod.

The flash shown in Figure 2 is very small relative to the flash which would be produced if it were attempted to roll the blanks in such manner that they occupy the same position relative to the rolls as they occupied relative to the forging dies. The edging step, therefore, represents a material saving in the manufacture of the blank. The grinding step is highly desirable in that it prevents laps or cold shuts in the finished article. In forging certain articles, the metal adjacent this flash zone may be a part of the finished article, whereas in the ordinary operations the metal adjacent the flash zone of the die rolled blank has gone into the flash produced during the forging operation. Because of this difference the importance of the grinding step will be appreciated. An improvement in the quality of the product may also be secured by the practice of my invention, as the metal is worked inthe dies at right angles to the direction it is worked in the rolls.

While I have shown the steps in the production of a connecting rod, it will be understood that this is merely by way of example trated embodiment but maybe otherwise,

embodied or practiced within the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. The method .of making metal articles, which includes die rollin a blank having flash on a side thereof, trlmming the flash, edging the blank and forging the blank to form an article of varying size or shape in cross section.

2. The method of making metal articles, which includes die rolling a blank having flash on a side thereof, trimming the flash, grinding thfflflash zone, edging the blank and forging'the ground blank to form an article of varying size or shape in cross section.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a die rolled blank having a plurality of portions diflering from one another in size or shape and adapted to provide metal for the different portions of a finished article in asubsequent forging operation, and a flash zone extending over more than one of such porforging the blank to produce an article; of

varying size and shape.

having asingle portion metal for the forging o roviding sufficient adjacent parts of connected articles and simultaneously forming a plurality of connected articles each of varying size and shape from said blank 'in 10 a forging operation.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 'my hand.

WILLIAM P. WITHEROW.

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