US1688535A - Device for removing mechanical elements from shafts, etc. - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 23, 1928. 1,688,535

A. K. ELLIS ET AL DEVICE .FOR REMOVING MECHANICAL ELEMENTS FROM SHAFTS, ETC

Filed Feb. 11, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 JZKElZia Ray Herz /"g Oct. 23, 1928. 1,688,535

A. K. ELLIS ET AL DEVICE FOR REMOVING MECHANICAL ELEMENTS FROM SHAFTS, ETC

Filed Feb. 11, 1928 2 SheetsSheet 2 /4-6' a r- 1"\ 4? II I: i 10 6 #56 1 M l J0 Q 49 57 I /6 5a" M :5

, 52 I/ h? J 534 P4 JZKEZZz's Ray Hen/jg.

%/MWMMW Patented Oct. 23, 1928.

UNITED STATES ALVA K. ELLIS AND RAY HENRY, OF DUNCAN, OKLAHOMA.

DEVICE FOR REMOVING MECHANICAL ELEMENTS FROM SHAFTS, ETC.

Application filed February 11, 1928. Serial No. 253,750.

This invention relates to devices for removing gears, wheels, bushings, bearings and the like from the shafts upon which they are mounted, and particularly to machines of this character having two relatively movable members disposed concentrically to each other, one of the members engaging with the shaft and the other with the element mounted upon the shaft and which is to be removed, and means being provided for shifting one of said members relative to the other member in a direction to cause the removal of the element on the shaft.

The general object of the present invention is to provide a device of this character which is operated by hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure being secured by manual operation of the device and not from any outside power.

A further object is to provide an outer member or element having hooks for engagement with the part to be removed, a central member or plunger adapted to abut against the shaft upon which the gear wheel or other object is mounted, and provide screw means whereby liquid may be highly compressed behind the plunger to thus shift the outer and central members relatively to each other.

A still further object is to provide a construction of this kind having screw-threaded means whereby liquid may be forced from a relatively small chamber into a relatively larger chamber to act upon the plunger and in which the plunger acting to force it into the large chamber is not rotated at any time but travels in a rectilinear path.

Another object is to provide a device of this character having a main plunger and an interior plunger disposed within the main plunger, both of said plungers being operated by screw-threaded members, one having a coarse thread and the other having a fine thread whereby to secure increased power by reason of the difference in the threads.

Still another object is to provide a device of this character which is so constructed that the object to be removed from the shaft may be removed with one application of the device and without the necessity of using any appli ance between the body of the machine and the shaft.

Other objects will appear in thecourse of the following description.

Our invention is illustrated in the accom- D g awing Where n:

Figure 1 is an elevation of our device for removing mechanical elements;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary vertical section of the upper portion of the device;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary vertical section of the lower portion of the device;

Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.

Referring to these drawings, 10 designates a tubular element or cylinder having a straight bore 11 of uniform diameter from end to end, except at one extremity where the bore is provided with the inwardly projecting annular shoulder 12. This cylinder at its end remote from the shoulder 12 is screw-threaded, as at 13, these screw-threads being relatively coarse. Adjacent the shouldered end of the cylinder, the cylinder is provided with the four pairs of outwardly projecting lugs 14 extending radially from the cylinder, three of these pairs of lugs being arranged adjacent each other and the fourth pair being disposed on a diametrically opposite side of the cylinder from the middle one of the three pairs first referred to. These bifurcated lugs or pairs of lugs are for the purpose of supporting hooks, which we have designated 15, for the purpose of engaging the gear wheel or other part to be removed from the shaft. These hooks will be more fully described hereinafter. Above the lugs 14-. the tubular cylindrical body 10 is reduced in diameter, then outwardly inclined, as at 16, and below the lugs the body is somewhat tapered for a distance, as at 17.

Disposed to engage the screw-threads 13 is a relatively heavy and strong rotatable cap 18 which is interiorly screw-threaded to engage the screw-threads 13 and is formed to provide a central chamber 19. This cap at its outer end is reduced to form a portion 20 many-sided for the application of a wrench, and this end of the cap 18 is formed with a bore 21 and disposed within this bore is the internal screw-threaded bushing 22 having a rabbeted flange 23 which projects lateral 1y. outward and rests against the outer end wall of the chamber 19.

Disposed partly within the bore of the cylindrical body 10 and partly within the chamber is a relatively large hydraulic plunger 24 which is tubular in form but exteriorly fits within the bore 11. This plunger at its end adjacent the closedend of the cap 18 is provided with the outwardly projecting rabbeted flange which has a diameter nearly equal to that of the chamber 19. The outer face of this flange is rabbeted, as at 26, to receive a ball bearing 27, one element of the ball bearing fitting this rabbet 26 and the other element fitting the rabbet in the flange 23. The plunger is thus supported against thrust by these ball bearings.

Carried upon the inner reduced end of the plunger 24 is an annular packing ring 28, and disposed against this packing ring is a spacer ring 29. Resting against this spacing ring is a second packing ring 30. Passing through the packing ring 30 and partially through the spacing ring 29 is an annular screw 31, that is a member which is annular in cross section and exteriorly screw-threaded and has a head fitting into the packing ring 30. Disposed within the bushing 22 and having screwthreaded engagement therewith is a screw 32 having a head 33 whereby it may be turned, this screw having a reduced shank 34 formed with a recess in its end for the reception of a ball 35.

Disposed within the bore of the plunger 24 is a small plunger 36, the outer end of which is formed with a concave socket which partially embraces or fits against the ball 35. The opposite end of the plunger carries upon it the packing 37 held in place by a screw 38, this packing constituting the head of the plunger. It will be obvious now that as the screw 32 is turned,'the plunger 36 will be forced inward, and that inasmuch as there is a thrust bearing disposed between the extremity of the shank 34 and the plunger 36 that no rotary movement will be transmitted to the plunger 36.

Disposed within the bore 11 is a work-engaging plunger 39, the greater portion of which is reduced in diameter so that it does not fit tightly within the bore 11, but the inner end of which is enlarged to provide a head 40. This head is reduced in diameter and carries the packing ring 41. The stem of the head extends through this packing ring and is fornied with a screw-threaded countersink. A spacing ring 42 engages around the stem of the head 40, and bearing against this spacing ring is a packing ring 43 held in place by a screw 44 which engages the countersink in the stem. The space between the packing ring 37 which constitutes the head of the plunger 36, and the ring 43 which constitutes the head of the plunger 39 is to be filled with oil or other liquid, as will be more fully explained when the operation of the device is described.

The extremity of the plunger 39 is formed with a groove 45. The end of the plunger 39 is formed with a projecting boss 46. While this portion of the plunger may engage directly with the work, yet often it is desirable to provide a plunger extension 47, as illustrated in Figure 2. This extension at its outer end has the central boss 46 and the inner end is formed with a socket 48 to receive the extremity of the plunger 39, this socket being provided with a set screw 49 engaging in the groove of the plunger 39.

' The hooks 15 have long curved shanks terminating in bills 50. The shank of each hook is pivoted in cars 14 by pins 51 passing through slots 52. A screw 53 passes through the lower end of the shank and a screw 53 passes through the shank above the pivot, the screw 53 bearing against the tapered portion 17 and the screw 53 hearing against the tapered portion 16. Each hook is preferably provided with an outstanding, elongated, substantially annular ear 54 having a circular opening 55 therethrough. This opening is for the reception of an extension jaw 56. This jaw 56 is likewise formed with a bill at its outer end and the shank at the point 57 is circular and sets within the socket 54, the end opposite the shank being provided with a shoulder 58. adapted to fit within the opening in the lug 54 with the shoulders bearing against one face of the lug, while the hook itself extends beyond the hook 15 and is disposed outward thereof. This permits the hook to be engaged with an element having a greater diameter than is possible to be grasped by the hooks 15.

In the operation of this device, oil or other liquid is disposed within the bore of the body 10 below the head of the plunger 39 and this oil also fills the space defined by the tubular plunger 24 beyond the head 37 of plunger 36. Thus it will be seen that this oil, which is designated A, is disposed between the head The shank of the hook is v of the plunger 24 and the head of plunger 39 v and also disposed between the head of plunger 39 and the head of plunger 36. \Vhen it is desired to remove a gear wheel or other element from a shaft, the jaws 15 (or the auxiliary jaws 56) are engaged over the work to be removed or pulled off and the plunger 39 is pushed up against the shaft or other part upon which the gear wheel is mounted. The jaws are held in engagement with the work by adjusting the screws 53. The wheel, hearing, bushing, sleeve or other element is re moved from the shaft by turning on the wrench head 20 of the cap 18. This acts to shift the cap inward relative to the body 10 and causes the plunger 24 to move inward toward the head of the plunger 39. The compression of the oil between these two plungers causes the plunger 39 to be forced outward against the work. The cap 18 is rotated until it cannot be turned further, and when this has occurred the small plunger 36 is forced inward to exert further hydralic action upon the plunger 39.

To this end, the screw 32 is turned by means of a wrench or other device applied to the head 33 and inward movement of this screw causes the inward movement of the plunger 36. Thus the hydraulic pressure may be increased. several times and this acts to push the plunger 39 upward by the high hydraulic pressure and, of course, inasmuch as the plunger is moved 1n one direction, the body is relatively moved in the opposite direction and thus the wheel, bushing, bearing or like part engagedby the jaws is removed reason of the ball thrust bearing 35. In the same manner, rotation of the cap 18 does not act to rotate the'plunger 24 but this plunger also has a purely rectilinear movement due to the disposition of ball bearings 27 between the flange of the plunger 24 and the cap 18 itself. By reason of the diiference in the threads of the two plungers, we secure a multiplication of power and this is also secured by the fact that oil is forced by the plunger 36 from a relatively small chamber into a relatively large chamber bearing against a relatively large piston or plunger head.

The plungers of this device move rectilinearly, as before stated, thus relieving rotary pressure from being applied to the washers, cups, plunger heads, etc. Washers or cups, packing rings and the like must be made of some soft or flexible material, such as leather, and rotary motion against such material, whenthis occurs under high pressure, will quickly destroy it. This is'entirely avoided in our machine. It is to be particularly observed that in this machine there is no direct application of the main body of the machine to the shaft from which the object is to be removed. Where the main body of the puller is applied to the shaft, it is impossible to pull the object absolutely loose from the shaft Without the addition of a block which has to be placed between the body of the machine and the shaft. This is unsatisfactory from the standpoint of strength and consumes considerable time in the application and adjustment of the block. In this machine the plunger 39 or the auxiliary plunger is disposed in direct contact with the shaft which holds the object to be removed and by this mechanism we are enabled to remove the object with but one application of the device and without the use of blocks. The object to be removed is drawn directly over the plunger 39 or its extension 47, or in other words this plunger or its extension passes into the hub opening or central opening of the object to be removed.

The extension jaws 56 are adapted to be rotated within the sockets 54 so that the hooks 50 may be turned either outwardly, inwardly or laterally, or in other words in any desired position. The screws 53 will force the upper ,ends of the jaws 15 inward and the upper ends of the jaws 56 inward but the screws 53" .act in the reverse manner to force the upper ends of the jaws 15 or 56 outward. The screws 53 are necessary in order to give pressure to the universal jaws 57 which are rotatable within the sockets 54. In the event of a pull to be made from the inside by these jaws 56, it is necessary to adjust the screws 53 on the tapered surface 16. It is obvious that by means'of these screws 53 and 53 bearing against the inclined surfaces 17 and 16 that the jaws may be set in any desired manner and to engage any object which may be attached to a shaft and which may be required to be pulled off.

We claim 1. A device of the character described including a tubular body, a plunger rectilinearly movable in the body, and a rotatable element engaging with the body for forcing the plunger outward, the rotatable element having a rotative bearing on the plunger.

2. A pulling device of the character described includinga tubular body, a plunger rectilinearly movable in the body, a rotatable element having screw-threaded engagement with the body for forcing the plunger outward, the rotatable element having a rotative bearing upon the plunger.

3. A device of the character described including a tubular body, a work-engaging plunger therein, the body having a liquid chamber behind the plunger, and means on the body and behind the plunger for exerting pressure on the liquid in said chamber.

4:. A device of the character described including a tubular body, a work-engaging plunger'therein, the body having a liquid chamber behind the plunger means on the body for exerting pressure on the liquid in said chamber including a plunger, and means operating on the plunger and having screwthreadod engagement with the body.

5. A device of the character described including a tubular body, a work-engaging plunger therein, the body having a liquid chamber behind the plunger, means on the body for exerting pressure on the liquid in said-chamber including two plungers, means on the exterior of the body for forcing both plungers sin'iultaneously inward to con'iprcss said liquid, and independent means for forcing one of said plungers inward independently of the other plunger.

6. A device of the character described comprising a tubular body, a work-engaging plunger therein, the body having a liquid chamber behind the plunger, means for exerting pressure on the liquid in said chamber including two concentric plungers, screwthreaded means for forcing both of said plungers inward simultaneously, and independent screw-threaded means for forcing one of said plungers inward independently of the other plunger.

7. A device of the character described 1ncluding a tubular body, a work-engagln plunger therein, the body having a llqlll chamber behind the plunger, means on the body for exerting pressure on the liquid in said chamber including a tubular plunger the outer plunger.

8. A device of the character described in- V cluding a tubular body, "a work-engaging plun er therein, the body having a liquid cham ber behind the plunger, means on the body for exerting pressure on the liquid in said chamber including a tubular plunger extending into said body, a central plunger disposed within the tubular plunger, a cap having screw-threaded engagement with the body and having rotative engagement and operatively bearing against but rotatable with relation to the tubular plunger, and a member having screw-threaded operative engagement in said cap and bearing against the central plunger but rotatable independently of the central plunger.

9. A device of the character described includinga tubular body having work-engaging jaws, a work-engaging plunger disposed within the tubular body and concentric to said jaws, the body having a liquid chamber formed behind the plunger, means on the body for exerting pressure on the liquid in said chamber to force the plunger outward including a tubular plunger disposed Within said chamber, a cap having screw-threaded engagement with the body, the cap having a bearing against the base of the tubular plungor to cause rectilinear movement of the tubular plunger upon a rotation of the cap, a central plunger disposed within the tubular plunger, and a screw having operative screwthreaded engagement with the cap and having rotative bearing against the extremity of the central plunger.

10. A device of the character described i11- cluding a tubular body having Work-engaging jaws, a work-engaging plunger disposed within the tubular body and concentric to said jaws, the body having a liquid chamber formed behind the plunger, means on the body for exerting pressure on the liquid in said chamber to force the plunger outward including a tubular plunger disposed within said chamber, a cap having screw-threaded engagement with the body, the cap having a bearing against the base of the tubular plunger to cause rectilinear movement of the tubular plunger upon a rotation of the cap, a central plunger disposed within the tubular plunger, and a screw having operative screwthreaded engagement with the cap and having rotative bearing against the extremity of the central plunger, the cap having relatively coarse screw-threads and the screw having relatively fine screw-threads.

1.1.A pulling device of the character described including a tubular body having work-engaging jaws pivoted thereon, means for forcing the outer ends of the jaws toward each other or shifting them away from each other, a work-engaging plunger disposed within the tubular body and extending out concentric to said jaws, the body behind said plunger being formed to provide a liquid chamber, means for exerting pressure on the liquid in said chamber comprising a tubular plunger {extending into the body at one end and bearing against the liquid in the chamber, a central plunger disposed within the tubular plunger, a cap having coarse screwthreaded engagement with the body, the tubular plunger having an outwardly extending flange at its base and the cap having operative rotative bearing against said flange, and

a screw having relatively fine threads and ex tending through the base of the cap and having rotative bearing against the central plunger.

12. A device of the character described including a tubular body having outwardly projecting ears, a plurality of radially disposed jaws pivotally engaged with said ears, each jaw having an inwardly extended bill at its upper end, screws engaging the javaeihward of said pivots and bearing against the body whereby the jaws may be adjusted, a centrally disposed workengaging plunger mounted within the tubular body, the body being formed to provide a liquid chamber behind said plunger, and means mounted upon the body for exerting pressure upon the liquid chamber to force the plunger outward.

13. A device of the character described including a. tubular body, a plurality of radially disposed work-engaging jaws pivoted upon said body, each jaw having a work-engaging bill at its outer end, means at its inner end whereby the jaw may be adjusted, a plunger disposed in the tubular body and concentric to said jaws, the body being formed to provide a liquid-containing cham her behind said plunger, means on the body for exerting pressure upon said liquid in the chamber and thus upon the plunger, and an extension member having a socket at one end adapted to fit over the extremity of the plunger and be engaged therewith.

14. A device of the character described including a tubular body, a centrally disposed work-engaging plunger therein, the body being formed to provide a liquid chamber behind the plunger, means on the body whereby pressure may be exerted upon said liquid to force the plunger outward, a plurality of radially disposed jaws mounted upon one extremity of the body concentric to said plunger, each of said jaws having a bill at its outer end, means at its inner end whereby the jaw may be adjusted, each jaw having an out wardly projecting lug formed with a socket, and extension jaws, one for each of the first named jaws, having a shank portion insertible through said socket.

15. A device of the character described including a tubular body, a centrally disposed work-engaging plunger therein, the body being formed to provide a liquid chamher behind the plunger, means on the body whereby pressure may be exerted upon said liquid to force the plunger outward, a plurality of radially disposed jaws mounted upon one extremity, of the body concentric to said plunger, each of said jaws having a bill at its outer end, means at its inner end whereby the jaw may be adjusted, each jaw having an outwardly projecting lug formed with a circular socket and extension jaws, one for each of the first named jaws, having a shank port-ion insertible into and rotatable within said socket, and screws extending through said first named jaws and engaging the tubular body above and below the pivots of the first named jaws whereby the said jaws and the extension jaws may be adjusted.

16. A device of the character described including a tubular body, a work engaging plunger operating therein, means whereby pressure may be exerted upon said plunger to force the plunger outward, a plurality of radially disposed jaws mounted upon the body and concentric to said plunger, each of said jaws having an inwardly extending bill at its outer end and each of said jaws having a circular socket and extension jaws having cylindrical ends disposed within said sockets and rotatable therein, and means for forcing the upper ends of the first named jaws outward or inward and holding them in adjusted positions.

In testimony whereof we hereunto aflix our signatures.

ALVA K. ELLIS. RAY HENRY.

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