US1684950A - Manufacture of skate blades with thickened edges - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 18,1928.

H. DORNSEIF' MANUFACTURE OF SKATE LADEs WITH THICKENED EDGES Filed 0ot..2, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.2

Jm en for 2 J01)? Se Sept. 18,.19g8. 1,684,950

H. DORNSEIF MIINUFACETURE OF SKATE BLADES WITH THICKNED EDGES Filed Oct. 2, 1925 I 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jim enter:

Sept. 18, 1928. I 1,684,950

- H. DORNSEIF l MANUFACTURE OF SKATE BLADES WITH- THICKENED EDGES Filed Oct. 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Jnvenfor:

H. DORNSEIF MANUFACTURE'OF SKATE BLADES WITH THICKENED ED'GES Sept. 18, 1928.

Filed 0012,1925 4snets-Shtf'4 Jnvenfor 2 Jar-nae? Patented Sept. 18, 1928.

HIlTGO DOR-NSEIF, 0F BADEVGPIMKHALD, GERMANY.

MANTUFAGTURE 0F SKATE BLADES XVITH. TI-IICKENED EDGES.

Application filed October 2, 1325, Serial No 60,116, and in Germany October 2, 1924.

It has already been proposed to manufacture skateblades with a thickened edge by stamping out of sheet or band steel a blank or work-piece ot the contour of the skate 1; and then upsetting this work-piece on edge in the cold in order to form a rib on each side of the blade-edge. This known procoss has not been proved practicable in the first place because upsetting the blade si- Eu multaneously throughout its entire length requires exceedingly higghpressure, which can be produced only with presses of very considerable dimensions, and in the second place because the edge of the work-piece in to be upset tends to bend under the pressure of the upsetting stamp inwards that side whereon the burr was formed when the work-piece was stamped. In consequence, the material worked on, when it is upset,

2o flows first of all only toward one side and it must then be forced towa ds the other side, whereby the structure of the material is detrimentally affected and a faulty article is produced.

Now the object of the present invention is to render this known process practicable by requiring for carrying out the process only a comparatively small. pressure and accordingrly a small machine, and at the. same c-sc time obtaining work-pieces which are thororrqhli free from fault.

According to the present invention the skate-blade is no longer upset simultaneously throughout its entire length but is up set progressively step by step from one end to the other in such a manner that, at each step, only a fraction of the total length of the skate-blade is subjected to the upsetting pressure. Moreover, order to avoid bending the edge towards one side and to obtain a uniform spreading, towards both sides, of the material to be upset the outwa d flow of the material is limited at both sides to correspond to the desired cross sectional shape of the edge, while simulta iurously those'portions of the non-upset and already upset edge which are adjacent to the place being worked are supported on both sides. This limitation of the material and simultaneous guidance of adjacent portions of the v the simplest manner by forming in the stamp a groove which serves as upsetting matrix, which groove, at that portion therewhich behind in the. direction of at} e are brought about in vance of the work-piece, has a width corresponding to the thickness of the non-upset work-piece, while at its middle portion it widens gradually to the full width of th thickened edgr'e oi the skate, its depth simultaneously gradually diminishing, and then it continues with a constant width. In order to facilitate the reshaping work the upsetting stamp moves preferably not at right angles to the edge of the skate-blade but at such an angle thereto that the centre line of the upsetting stamp about bisects the angle between said edge and the slanting face connecting the non-upset to the upset portion of the edge. As experiments have proved. it is possible by the new processto upset the edge of the skate-blade with a minimum consumption of power while at the same time work-pieces which are quite faultless are obtaine I I The new process may be carried out on a simple and light machine omprising a press-slide or hammer movable up and down. It is most advantageous to employ a mechanical hammer constructed in the manner of a file-cutting machine and provided. with a work-piece slide adjustable on an inclined plane. The accompanying drawings illustrate in Fi s. 11O thereof a first example oi the new process in connectionwith tools as well as a mach ne for carrying out said process.

Figs. 11 to 19, inclusive, cover a modification of my machine and will be described in the latter part of the specification.

Ot these figures?- Fig. 1 shows the upsetting stamp, the work-piece and the jaws containin the latter, partly in side elevation and partly in vertlcal section,

Fig. 2. is an elevation of the stamp as viewed from the right of Fig. 1, y

Fig. 3 a bottom plan view of the upsetting stamp,

Fig. i a section on the line A-A in Fig.

Fig. "5 a section on the line B-B in Fig. I,

Fig. 6 a section on the line CC in Fig. 7 p j Fig. 7 a side elevation of the work-piece pa t-1y upset and partly not upset,

l i 8 a top view oi the same,

Fig. 9 a secti oi'i on the line in Fig.

ill

Fit)

Fig. 10' a front elevation of the machine for carrying out the new process.

In the new process, as heretofore a workpiece a of the contour of the skate-bladeis first stamped out of sheet or band steel. This work-piece of which, since it known, only a portion is shown in the drawing is as usual held gripped in an upright position between two clamping jaws 7), b in such man{ ner that the edge to be upset projects upwardly above the jaws. The two clamping jaws b, Z), aremounted on a slide a which is fitted so as to be longitudinally displaceable on the inclined bed (Z of the spring-hammer (Fig. 10) and can be moved step by step by suitable feeding means in the direction of the arrow On the hammer 7' which is movable up and down above the bed is secured an upsetting stamp 9 wherein, in its lower side which is slanted off correspondingly to the inclination of the bed (Z, a channel It is formed which serves as upsetting matrix, and which preferably has a wedgeshaped cross section for the purpose of readily applying and raising the stamp to and from the work-piece. The bottom face of the channel has, in the portion 1 which is behind in the direction of advance of the slide 0, the same width as the upper edge of the non-upset portion a of the work-piece. At

5 the middle portion 20f itslength the channel h widens gradually to the full width of the thickened, that is, upset edge a while simultaneously the depth of the channel gradually diminishes. There'upon the channel at its portion'3 continues at the same depth and width. If desired however, as illustrated in Fig. 4, the channel may be again widened at its end 4 which is in front in the direction of advance in order that the work-piece may here be free from the sidewalls of the channel.

The work-piece is advanced intermittently or step by step below the hammer f in the direction of the arrow 03 by means of the slide 0, while said hammer is lifted in regular succession by means of a cam-disc and then given a blow-like movement downwards by means of the spring 5. The stroke of the hammer is so limited that it can go no further downwards as soon as thebottom faces of the narrow and wide portions 1 and 3 respectively of the channel 72 formed in the stamp come in contact with the upper edge of non-upset and already uJset portions a and respectively of t e work piece a.

On the latter portions,.therefore, no substantial pressure is exerted, but the side walls of the channel mainly coact with them-so that the workpiece is supported on I both sides by the side-walls of the channel and consequently preserved. from bending over to one side. On the other hand an upset-ting pressure is exerted on that portion a of the work-piece, that is, the portion imsure.

mediately in front of and behind the section line BB in Fig. 1, which is at the moment facing the portion 2 connecting the narrow and deep to the wide and shallow first blow arrives at a wider portion of the channel and consequently can flow outwardly to a greater width, and so on, while at each advance a portion of the work-piece which had hitherto not been upset is simultaneously subjected to a first upsetting pres- The distance advancedat each step may be made so small that the shaping of a given length of the blade-edge, e. g. of a portion of the length of the connecting portion 2 of the channel 71., maybe effected in a very large number of stages, and there fore quite gradually. Moreover, since on the one hand outward flow of the material towards both sides is limited and on the other hand during the upsetting movement the work-piece, both in front of and behind the place being upset, has its upper edge supported on both sides by the walls of the portions 1 and 3, bending of the work-piece and spreading of the same only towards one side are entirely avoided. The upset material always spreads out uniformly towards both sides so that no destruction of its structure leading to a faulty product can occur. The intermittent advance of the slide 0 is continued until the entire workpiece has passed below the hammer f and the bladeedge has been thereby upset throughout its entire length.

The inclination of the bed (I is preferably so chosen that the vertical centre line of the upset-ting stamp about bisects the angle a: between the upper edge of the already upset portion a of the blade of the skate and the inclined upper edge of the portion (L2 being shaped. The pressure ofthe stamp is thereby given a direction specially ad.- vantageous forthe work of shaping, while at the same time no substantial lateral pressures due to the resistance of the material are produced on the stamp. Tf desired the work-piece might have a different inclination to suit the form of the stamp so that the direction of pressure might be more or less at right angles to the upper edge of the portion a being shaped. I

As seen from the drawing, the bottom face of the channel formedin the upsetting stamp may be curved in the transverse direction in order to provide the edge of the skate at once with a groove which is otherwise produced by grinding. The said face may howwhat narrower towards the bottom since it.

straight edge is shown, obviously the new,

process may be employed for the manufacture oil: skate-blades with bowed or curved edges. In this case the slide 0 carrying the work-piece would advantageously be guided on .a bed of correspondingly curved upper face or made capable of being swung about the centre of the are formed by the edge.

In the above described apparatus for carrying out the new processthe walls serving for laterally supporting the portion at the moment being upset and these portions of the blade-edge which are immediately adjaccnt to this are located wholly on the upsetting stamp. The latter consequently embraces both the non-upset and the finished portion of the edge, which requires that in the cross-sectional formation of the finished edge regard must be paid to the raising of the stamp from the work-piece, by making the crosssection of the thickened edge some is necessary for the repeated raising 01 the upsetting stamp from the worlepiece that the sidewalls of the channel in the stamp should converge upwardly. i

In order to have free choice of the crosssectional shape of the thickened edge it is recommended that the'apparatus be so de-' signed that the upsetting stamp contains in addition to the pressure face only the lateral supporting faces for the non-upset and the at-tirst HIUOIXlplGtSlY upset portions ot the work-piece, whereas the lateral supporting laws for the final iy upset portionare located on the jaws which clamp the work-piece. With this distribution of the supporting faces, in the cross-sectional formation of the thickened edge no regard need be paid to the raising oi the stamp from the Workpiece. The sidc-fi1ces for late-rally supporting the finally upset edge may either be parallel or converge downwardly because they no longer move up and down with the stamp. Consequently it is possible to give Y to the thickened edge a cross-section which is constant throughout its entire height or. even becomes \VlClGIZtOWzlIClS the bottom.

This shade of cross section is advanta eous.

inasmuch as the side-faces oi theedge then form with the preferably concave b'lade-lace by ditliculty arises in bringing again. into the prescribed form the operative faces of the clamping jaws which become bent in consequence of distortion during hardening. lVhe-reas in the case of the clamping jaws of the apparatus according to Figs. 11O the clamping races lying in one plane can be comparatively easily reground, regrinding off the walls of the profiled channel .in the clamping jaws is very tedious and slow, it not impossible. Straightening the jaws under a press in a single operation does not come into consideration because after removal of the pressure the jaws return to their curved condition in consequence of their elasticity. tedious and slow finishing work on the hardened clam-ping jaws by grinding, according to the present invention, when a work-piece is secured, the clamping jaws are to be so tightly clasped between a wall of the slide containing them and a key capable of displacen'ient parallel to the jaws and entendin g throughout their entire operative length that they are straightened by the pressure of the key and consequently made perfectly plane. The dilliculty of being able to tighten up the key sulliciently firmly and release it is met by providing for tightening and releasing the key two spring-hami'ners at the ends of the gri 'iping device, which hammers comprise hammer-spindles guided parallel to the key. The spring-hammers not only permit the key to be-tightened as firmly as desired but have also the advantage that the tightening and release of the key and consequently the exchange of the work-pieces can be et tented in an exceedingly short time.

Figs. .1 1-19 off the accompanying drawings. show by way o t example this modified apparatus, of which figure.

11 shows the upsetting stamp, workpiece and'clamping jaws securing the latter, partly in side elevation and partly in vertical longitudinal section,

Fig. 12 is a bottom plan View of the upsetting stamp,

Fig. 13 a top plan view of the clamping aws,

Figs. 14%? are four vertical sectionsrespectively on the lines 4+4, 5, 6-6 and 7-7 in Fig. 11, s

Fig. 18 is a side elevationol the slide containing the clamping jaws for the work piece, and

Fig. 19 a top plan viewot the same.

The two clamping jaws 5, Z) which receive between themselves the upright skate-blade a are again mounted on a'slide c which is so mounted as to be longitudii'ially displaceable in the inclined bed of a springhammer according to Fig. and can be intermittently advanced in the direction of the arrow :0 by means of suitable feed mechanism. The upsetting stamp g mounted on a hammer movable up and down above tl'le bed and is Now in order to avoid the Whereas in the apparatus 1-10 the clamping jaws b have on their pagain slanted off on its lower side, correspondii'igly to the inclination of the machinebed.

In the lower side of the upsetting stamp g is formed a channel it, the lateral walls of which converge upwardly. In contradistinction to the upsetting stamp in the example according to Figs. 1-10. this channel does not extend over the entire bottom face of the stamp butonly about over that half of said face which is behind in the direction of ad vance of the work-piece arrow a). The said channel has at its rear a widthcorresponding to the thickness of the crude worla: piece whiletowaids the middle of the stamp it gradually widens while its depth simulposite sides simply plane clamping faces throughout which leave between themselves a, gap for receiving that upper portion of the blade which remains unchanged, in the example according to Figs. 1119 this gap 18 widened in the upper portion of the jawfaces to form a channel k having the same width and cross-sectional shape as the thickened. edge to be produced.

llpsetting of that portion of the blade which rises freely from the clampine j aws 7) is effectedinterm ttently as above described, the upsetting stamp falling: on the workpiece and being again raised in regular succession. and the slide 0 with the two clamping jaws 7) containing the work-piece being advanced. at each lift of the stamp 7- a predetermined distance in the direction of the arrow n Similarly as in the example.

according: to Figs. 1.4.0 both the portion at the moment being reshaped and these portions immediately adjacent-tothe reshaping: place are supported laterally by the wallsof.

the channels 71. and 1". so that both bending and unilateral spreading of the blade-material are avoided.

In 7 cont-radistincti on to the longer provided wholly ,in the upsetting stamp 1 but in part in the clamping jaws b.

in fact. in the upsetting stamp are arranged only tho e lateral faces which support the non-upset portion of the blade ed we and the incompletely upset portion. which the sup porting faces for the finally upset portion."

first example; however the lateral supporting faces are no of the edge are located in the clampingjaws These supporting faces no longer share the u pand-down motion of the stamp (j so that they may be either vertical or downwardly convergent, whereby the blade-edge may be provided either with parallel faces or with downwardly convergent lateral faces forming: with the blade-tace an acute angle.

two springdiammers mounted at the ends of the slide a. 'Each of. the two spring-hammers comprises a hammer-spindleo which is guided parallel to the key n and is influenced by a powerful spring P pressing against the key and which carries a tappetarm (1. To coact with the arm is provided a cam r mounted on a shaft a transverse to the spindle O. Wheat-he shafts .isrotated in the direction of the arrow l the cam r presses the spindleo outwardly against the tension of the spring p at regular intervals. whereupon the spring eac time returns the spindle inwardly with a blow-like movement. One or the other resilient hammer is actuated according to whether the key is to be tightened. or released. which may be brought about bythe aid of a belt and fast and loose pulleys mounted on" the shaft 8 or in any other suit able manner. Owing to the arrangement of the sprin Qf-llflll'll'nGIS the key u. may be tight cned so firmly thatthe two clamping jaws which as is well known become distorted.

I perfectly straightened when a work-piece i1 gripped. Consequently the tedious and slow work of finishing; the operative faces of the hardening jaws is dispensed with.

lVhat I'claim is 1. In a machine for cold blank for the production thereon of a run ner edge of widened cross-section with respectto the thickness of the blank body. a

support for the blank. a die of a lengrth for swaging a comparatively small portion of the edge of the blank'compared with its length on each swaging action. saiddie haying: a. channeled swaging face provided with an inclined central swag'i-ng surface. a shallow front portion to embrace and hold the unswacred edge of the blank in advance of the swaering point from lateral deflection. and a. relatively deeper and flaring rear portion to emhraceand hold the swagedportion of theblank in rear of the swaginsr point from lateral. deflection. means for reciprocating said die to act on successive short portions.

swagin a skate of the blank as presented thereto by intermittent relative movements between the blank and die, and means for shifting the support and'blank relative to the die to present new portions of the blank to the action of the die successively from end to end of the blank.

2. In a machine for the manufacture of skate-blades with a thickened running edge, the combination of a support for holding a blank stamped out with the contour of a skate-blade, a reciprocatory die for upsetting the running edge of the'blank at short length stages progressively by step by step swaging actions from end to end of the blank means for producing relative motion between the die and support for successively bringing different portions of the blank into the plane of Wei 1 means for adjusting the support at an inclination to the longitudinal direction of the running edge of the blade.

3. In a machine according to claim 1,

die (as g) formed on its bottom with a channel having a rear portion (1) of a width corresponding to the thickness of the blank. a middleportion (2) which gradually widens to the width of the intended thickened running edge while simultaneously gradually decreasing in depth in a forward direction, and a front portion of :1 Width and depth corresponding to the thickness of the intended thickened running edge to be formed upon the blank.

l. In a machine according to claim 1, the

arrangement of the work face of the upsetporting faces for the finally upset portion of the running edge of the blank.

6. In a machine according to claim 1, anupsetting hammer formed with a channel having an offsetting portion. said channel being narrow and deep behind, but wide and shallow in front of said offsetting portion, said channel terminating; at the end of said wide and shallow portion flush with the bot tom face of the hammer, and relatively adjustable clamping jaws formed with a groove corresponding to the finished running cage of the skate-blade.

7 In a machine according to claim 1, a stationary and a movable clamping jaw for ng motion of the die, and

securing the blank a key longitudinally displaceable with respect to thejaws, and two springactuated displacing hammers arranged at the end of the clamping device for action on said key.

S. The method of cold swaging a skate blank for the production thereon ofa runner edge of widened cross-section with respect to the thickness of the blade body,

which consists-in upsetting the edge of the blank, starting at one end of the blank, by successive strokes of a die at successive short length zones, stages progressively from such end of the blank toward. the opposite end of the blank so as todisplace the metal laterally at each zone stage relatively to the body of the blank to equal degrees on both sides of the blank to thereby form a widened edge of a determined cross-section while limiting the outward lateral flow of the metal atboth sides of blank at each upsetting stage and supporting the blank against lateral deflection in adjacent Zones lying in front and rear of such stage, and relatively shifting the blank and die interi'nittently to bring different portions of the edge of the blank successively into position for the stage by stage upsetting action.

9. In a cold swaging machine for the manufacture of skate blades with a thickened running edge, means for holding a skate blank,- a die having an acting surface for swaging a comparatively small portion of the edge of the blank with respect to its length on each complete swaging action of said die and channeled portions .to embrace the blank in the region of its edge at and in front and rear of the swaging point to limit the lateral displacement of the metal and to support the blank against lateral deflection, and means for producing arelative feed motion between the blank and die lengthwise of the former for successively presenting portions of the edge of the blank to the action of the die from end to end of the blank.

10. ln a machine for cold swaginga skate blank for the production of a runner edge upon the blank of widened cross-section with respect to the blank, a hammer having a channeled. die face to embrace the edge of the blank on each working motion thereof, said channel being continuous from end to end of said die face and having a front por tion of minimum width and maximum depth, a rear portion of maximum width and less depth, and an intern'iediate portion of increasing width from front to rear and of varying depth. the wall of the intermediate portion of the channel forming a swaging surface inclining at an angle between the top walls of said front and rear portions.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

HUGO 'DORNSEIF.

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