US1676375A - Swinging door - Google Patents

Description

July 10, 1928.

W. S. GRAFF-BAKER S IIIIIIIII 0R W. S. GRAFF-BAKER swmeme DOO R July 10, 1928. 1,676,375

Filed Feb. 12, 1926 I 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ma BY 41% v M MJW /Mm i; mu Wm M July 10, 1928, 1,676,375

w. s. GRAFF-BAKER' swmeme DOOR.

Filed Feb. 12, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 ATT'UIiNEYS July 10, 1928. 1,676,375

w. s. GRAFF-BAKER v SWINGING DOOR Filed Feb. 12, 1926 4 Sheefcs-Sheet 4" 04%] v Arm w: s

Patented July 10, 1928. i I

j 1,216,375" l i WILLIAM SEBASTIAN GRAFJi-BAKER, or EAlZiilIG, mama, ,EneLAiT-D',,assrenon'rro THE NATIONALYPNEUMATIC COMPANY, QE'NEW YoBK, N. Y.,,' A CORPORATION or g 1 WEST VIRGINIA.

' sw neme noon.

- Application filed February 12,1926, Serial no, 87,745; and in Great' Britain'February14; i925.

-This' invention is for-improvementsin or relating to swinging doors,'and has reference to the type of door which is arranged to-be displaced bodily, in swinging from itsopen to'its closedpo'sitions and vice versa, and atthe same time to be rotated about an axis lying in or-near to the generalplane of the door and parallel to the'lateral edges thereof, in such manner that said lateral edges, or'points located near them, travel in paths whereof the centre lines, produced if necesi saryintersect one another, one lateral-edge an axis intersecting, and. perpendicular :to,

travelling towards the point of intersection of the said centre lineswhil'e the other lateral edge travels away therefrom. In this type of door, straight guide-tracks are provided, lying respectively along'the aforesaid paths of movement ofthe lateral edges of thedo'or,- and co-operating guiding elements (usually rollers) are provided-onthe door, at or near the lateral edgesthereot, to engage respectively with the twoguide-tracks; 1

One object of the present invention tosupport the. door in an impro'vedmann'er'and render-itcapable of swinging more smoothly than heretofore, Another obJect of the mvention is so toconstruct and arrange the door that an operativeconnectionmzty, with:

convenience or advantage, be effected be: tween the door and an-operating mechanism therefor.

According to the primary' feature of the present invention thereis provided a door of the type above described,which door ischaracterized in that the guide-tracks areso =dis-- .posed that their centre lines intersect one another at right angles, and is furtherchar 2 a cterized by the combination withthe door ,0f-' one or more opera-ting-arms which are each hinged at one'en'd to a relatively sta-z tiona-r'y supporttfor-exam'ple a door post orjan' equivalent part ofithe structure to which the door is a pp'lled) to swingabout each havejpijvotal connection at the other i end" with the 'door,--theaxes of. pivoting at the two ends of the arm' beingparaHel and so. disposedfthata plane containing them" bisects or approximately bisects a line oinlllg the centres of the 'guiding elements on the door co-operate' with the guidetrack'spx It will. be found that with the-above' construction the door is displaced bodily by means of th'e operating-arms and not as heretoforeby the constraint of the guide-.

tracks; .The path of bodily displacement of th edoor isgeometrically relatedt'o thepath' curring at thefguide-tracksflifs eliminated.

constitute the sole support for the weight of the door so that the'guide tracks are :re-

Preferably, the operating-arm or. arms e the door about its central'vertical axis. -Consequently, IIlUCllOf tllG strain previously oc lieved entirely of such weight and can, there-- I fore, functionmore easil. to turnr'th'e' door about lts central axis. here a plurality otoperating-arms are provided these arepreferably fixed to a hinge-rod common to said arms and mounted in bearings:carried' by i the aforesaid relatively I stationary 1 support.

This feature of fCOIIStI llCtlOIl' Gll'llllIlfLllBS the tendency of the door torack and consequently to jam inthe guide-tracks, bymaintaining in alignment' the axesJot pivotal-com necti'on between "the; arms and the door. With a door supported as indicated above it at the topand bottom of the door as has been necessary in the constructions known' heretofore. This is very distinctly an advantage in cases 'wh'erethere 1s"nowhead-room or,

not-sufficient head-room above the door to and, sometimes, for a short distance inwardlyf f, thelatter being I along thecontour of the roo cut away above the door, 1 I i v The invention further comprises ,the pro vision of a door constructed ,as -above set forth and having combined with it means (for example a compressed-air motor operatively connected ,to one of'theoperating-arms) for rotating the operating-arms about thejaxis i D. 7 o

of "their hinge-connection with: Qthe -'door- -pos't'.j This arrangement is advantageous in that whilst the door cannot be openedby hand by 'pushing it sideways; the door may' readily be opened with but little effort 8 s unnecessary to provide 'guide tracks both operating-arms by the operating mechanism acting through the operatingarms.

In a mechanically operated door as just mentioned, it is a feature of the invention, to arrange the operating motor beneath the Afccording to a further feature of the invention the operating-arms in a mechanically operated door are coupled'by a connecting rod toa motor crank arm to be manipulated thereby,.and the said crank arm and connecting rod are so constructed and arranged that a line joining the pivots at the ends of the connectingrod passes through the door is in its closed position. way' a conditionof dead centres is provided the axis of rotation of the crank arm when both against movement to open the door by wardly.

, way vehicle.

pushing it sideways and by pushing it in- For a. more complete understanding of the invention there will now be described, by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, certain constructions of door according to; the invention; It is to be'understood, however, that the invention is not restricted to the precise constructional details set forth.

In the drawings, U

Figure 1 is an elevation showing a door according to the present invention in closed position in a doorway at the side of a rail- Figure 2 is another elevation taken-in section on the line'2-2 of Fig. '3. It will be appreciated that Figs. 1 and 2 are elevations looking in directions at right angles to each other.v

Fig. 3 is'a plan view taken in section on the line 3-3 of Fig." 2.

Fig/i is a view correspondingto Fig. 3 of a modified construction of door, and

Fig. 5 is a similar view of another modified construction.

i Like reference numerals indicate like parts throughoutlthe drawings.

Referring firstly to Figs. 13, the door therein shown iswholly supported upon.

avertical door-post 11 which extends from thefioor 12 to the roof 13 of the vehicle. The door 10 carries brackets 14-. and 15 which pivotaliy receive the extremities of oper- In this.

ating-arms 16 and 17 respectively, these operating-arms at their other ends being fixed one above the other upon a vertical carries rollers 21 and 22 which are intended to be received in guide-tracks 23 and 2st formed in thefloor 12. Thesetracks 23 and '24 areeach straight and they are so disposed that their centre lines are perpendicular to one another and intersect in the axis of the posed towards the two upright edges of the 7 door and are intended to run one in the track 23 and the other in the track 24. V

The axis of the pivotal connection between the arms 16 and 17 and the door 10 is, parallel to the axis of therod 18 and this first-named axis is so disposed midway be tween the rollers 21 and 22 aforesaid as to bisect a strai ht line joining the centres thereof. lVith this construction, as the roller 22 travels towards the rod 18 the roller 21 travels away therefrom, and vice versa. The closed position of the door is shown in full lines in Figure 3 and the fully opened position is shown inichain lines in this figure.

The upright edge of the door which is remote from the rod 18; in the. closed position is formed with a'hinged strip 25 having arubber edging piece 26, these parts being provided in order 'to avoid injury to a passenger who may inadvertently leave say his arm across the path of movement of the door as it isclosing." r

.YVhen the door is fully opened it lies closely against the wall 27 of an enclosed space behind the end wall 28 of the Vehicle, and within this enclosed space there isacoommodated a compressed-air motor 29 for operating the door. This motor and its operative connections, with the door may take various forms according to circumstances. In the arrangement illustrated the motor 29 has an external crank arm 30 which is arranged to rotate or oscillate in a horizontal plane. This crank arm is connected by a rod 31 to an arm 32fast upon the rod- 18. Consequently, when .thecrank arm 30 isturned the rod 18 will be correspondingly turned to cause the arms 16 and 17' to move the door, the guide tracks 23 and 24: serving to cause the door to follow. therequisite path. The arm 32 on the rod 18 is located of the level of the arms 16 and 17.

.The construction just described will be found to cause the requisite movement of the door in a simple and efficient manner and will permit the door to occupy convenient positions in its closed andopened states and also to sweep over a comparativelysmall 7 area in moving from the one positlon to the other.

, In some circumstances it is possible to mount the motor 29 below the floor of the a vehicle and thus increase the available space 1 adjacent to the doorway. Such a construction is illustrated in Fig. 4 in'whichthe rod 18 is extended right down to and through the floor to carry therebelow the arm 32. Since the guide- tracks 23 and 24 are at right angles to each other with their centre lines intersecting the axis of the rod 18, itfollows' that these tracks must terminate short of this rod. A result of this is that the door cannot be brought into a position precisely parallel with the track 23 in its closed position nor with the track 24 in its fully opened position. In these-circumstances it is preferred that the door'in its fully closed position shall lie parallel with the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, so consequently the tracks 23 and 24 are set at-a small angle to the planes in-which the door lies in its closed and fully opened positions. 7

In the construction shown in Fig. 5, the

, crank arm is connected by an angular rod lines.

centres is provided both against movement. pushing it sideways on pushing it inwards. The rod 33 is attached 33 to one of the operating-arms 16 and 17 at a point intermediate of the ends of the latter. Themajor portion of the length of the rod 33 can always lie behind the wall 27 so as to be hidden, while only the extremity of the rod need protrude through this wall to open the doorby to the crank arm 30 by means of a sliding block 34: which is held between a fixedcollar 35 and a spring 36. The purpose of this tively.

yielding connection between the doorand its operating motor is to ensure that any pressure excited by the door when closin on din an obstacle shall not be of an unyiel nature. V I

' It is to be understood that the invention is not restricted to the precise constructional details set forth.

I claim 1. In a door of the type described the combination with the door ofguide tracks dis-.

posed so that their centre lines intersect one another. at right angles,lguiding elements on the door, one or more operating arms hinged at one end to a relatively stationary support to swing about an axis intersectingandpen pendicular to the said twocentre lines, said arms each havingpivotal connection at the other end with the door, the axesof pivoting.

at the two ends of the arms being parallel l and so disposed that a plane containing them" substantially bisects a line joining the centres of the guiding elements on the door which co-operate with the guide tracks.

2. Ina door of the type described'the come I I bination with thedoor of'guide tracks disposed so that their centre lines intersect one another at right angles, guiding elements on the door, one ormore operating arms hinged at one end to a relatively stationary support to swing about an axis intersecting and per+ pendicular to the said two centre lines, said arms each having PIVOtalCOIlIlGctlOIl at the other end with the door, the axes of pivoting at the two ends ofthe arms being parallel and so disposed that aplane contaming them substantially' bisects a line joining the cen-. tres of the guiding elements onv the door which co-operate with the guide tracks, said guide tracks, which are at right angles to each other, terminating short. of said axis and being angularly set relatively to the planes in which the door lies in. its fully closed and fully opened positions respec- In witness whereof I afiix sign WILLIAM SEBASTlANGRAFF-BAKER;

ature. I

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