US1667133A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

April 2 4, 1928. H. D. SCHRADER GAS BURNE'R Filed Oct. 21- 1926 flak-aid .0. Aenader.

aktor net# Fig.

Patented Apr. 24, 1928.

UNITED STATES FATI-:Nr orF'cE.- 1

HAROLD 13. SCHBADEB, or DENVER, COLOBAD'O.

GAS- BUBNER.

Application filed October 21 This invention relates to in'proven'ents in the Construction ot gas burners.-

It is the object of this invention to produce a gas burner that shall be especially well adapted to heavy duty work, as, for example,-t`or heating plants, power plants, etc., and particularly well adapted for heating plants for private houses. y

lt is a further object of this invention to produce a burner of a simple and substantial construction that can be made at a small expense and which can be readily assembled The above and other objects` that will become apparent as the description proceeds are attained by means ot'a Construction and arrangcnent ot' parts that will be described in detail, reference tor this purpose being had to the accompanying drawing in which the preferred enbodinent of' the invention has been shown and in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken through a furnace showing ny improved burner in place therein;

Fig. 2 is a vertical diametrical section of the burner, 'taken on line 2--2,' Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section taken 'on line 3-3, Fig. 1; V

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 4-4,

Fig. 5 is a section taken on line 5-5, Fig. 2; and I Fig. 6 is a section taken on line 6-(`. FigQ 2.`

In the drawing,-reference numeral 1 indicates the outer wall of the furnace and ref-` erence numeral 2 designates a portion of the refractory lining. In the illustration shown the furnace is supposed to be circular in cross section and. is provided with a central circular throat 3 which is formed' by' an L shaped casting having a cylindrical V vertical portion 4 and a. horizontal cylindrical portion 5. Thecylindrical sleeve 6 is telescopically connected with the cylindrical portion 5 and has its outer end closed by means of an end closure 7 This end closure is provided With openings 8 and 9 for the reception, respectively of an adjustiigfiwd 10 and a gas pipe 11 (Fi'g. 3). The` gas pipe is provided with a controlling valve 19 and extends inwardly through the cylin- ,drical members 5 and 6 terminating in a T 13 to the lower end of which the tubular support 14 is threadedly connected. The lower end of the tubular support 14 is se- 1926. Serial No. `148,093. i

cured to a hollow casting 15 which. serves as a base upon which the parts rest and also as a receptacle for the reception of dirt or solid articles that; may be present inthe gas. xtending upwardly from the upper end of the T 13, is a pipe 16 whose upper end is threadedly connected with the interior of a hub portion 17.

Referring now more partieularl to. Figure 2, it will be noted that this hu portion has a cylindrical part '18 which terminates in a shoulder 19 formed at .the juncture of the cylindrical part 18 with the cylindrical threaded end 20. 'This threaded end portion is ot'larger diameter than the part 18 and has an end wall '21 which is provided with a plurality of perforations 22 through which the gas escapes into the first expansion chanber 23, which is formed bythe conical burner tip 24. This burner tiphas .a transverse wall 25 provided with a central threaded opening and is threadedly'connected to the c lindrical end 20 inthe manner shown. T e wallc hasa plurality of openings 26 o that the gaswhich enters the expansion chamber 23 throu h the holes 22 leaves thischamber through `%ie openings 26. The burner tip which is substantially spherical in shape, has an annular projection 27 which extends downwardly beyond the transverse wall 25. This projection is 1provided with an inclined end surface in w ich I' have cut. a plurality of semi-circular notches 28' (Figures 4: and 7). These notches do not'extend radially but are all tangent to a cylindrical surface concentric with the center of the threaded opening, so that any gas that passes outwardly through these" notches will' emerge in the direction of the arrows 29 in Figura 4.

Slidably connected to the cylindrial portion 18, is a'frusto-conical member 30 that is provided with a hub portion 31 of the proper p diameter to fit snugly the outside of the part 18. The inner end of this hub 'portion ias a shoulder 32 that cooperates with the shoulder 19 toform a ti ht joint. The .surfaces of shoulders 19 and '32 may be gfound so as to` make a close fitting joint. The upper extremity of the conical portion 30 has a short cylindrical portion 33 whose end terminates in a surface which is incline' at' h the same angle to 'the axs as the surface of the downward projection 27. When the conical member is forced against the 'tip i for the reception of the threaded end of the ber.

member, the inclined surfaces will come into contact in the manner shown quite clearly in Figure 2.

. From Figure 6 it will be noticed that the end of' the cylindrical wall 33 is provided with a plurality of semi-circular grooves or notches 34, which are spaced such a distance a art that when the two members occupy t e position shown in Fi ure 6, the flat surface between these notc es will cover the open side of the groove in the adjacent mem The semi-circular grooves tor notches 28 and 30 are formed by drilling round holes whose axes coincide with the Contacting planes of these surfaces. The 'parts are then rotated relatively to each other a sufiicent distanceto bring the halves of these grooves into the relative position shown in F igure 6.

By these means I am able to produce a finer subdivision of the gas than would be possible by any other practical means. v The lower end of the cylindrical hub portion 18 is ext'ernally threaded for the r'eception of an air deflector which comprises a central hub portion 35 'whose inner surface is threaded hub. This deflector is 'provided with a pluralitypf radially extending deflector arms 36 whchare placed at an angle so as to resemble a' windmill wheeltor a -propeller,

The diameter of this deflector' is such that when the parts are in the position shown in' Fgure 1, 1t will serve to center the burner in the interior of the throat 3. When air flows upwardly through this deflector, the inclined. surface of the blades will give the air a rotary motion so that it will intersect the paths of the gas streams in the direction indicated by arrows 37 in Fi ure 4. This rotary motio'n serves te pro uce a better mixture of air and gas than would be possible if the air were wardly in a vertical direction. A spring 38 s interposed between the lower end of the hub 31 and the upper surface of the hub 35 and serves .to normally hold the parts in the relative positions shown in Figure 2. A key 39 cooperating with suitable key slots on the outer surface of the hub portion 18 and the -inner surface of the hub 31, serves to hold the conical member from turning with respect tothe central hub. The upper portion of the burner tip 24 is provided with a pro- ]ection 40 which is adapted'to enter a socket 41 in the heat deflector part indicated by numeral 42.' The part designated as 42 is comlposed of highly refractory material such as t at employed n fire brick and has been shown as having its outer surface provided with a plurality of corrugations 43. This i member has the appearnce of' a vase, the

interior of which isfilled with a large num ber of balls or pieces of refraotory material 45. The walls of this deflector member are provided with openings 46 which permit ermitted to flow u'p-' gas to pass through to the interior. When the burner is in 'operation the parts 45 will have the appearance of burning coal and the' concave sides of this vase like member will tend to deflect the heat outwardly towards the walls of the furnace. a

The hub portion 31 is provided with an outwardly extending lug 47 to which a connecting link 48 is pivotally connected. The lower end of this link is pivoted to thehorizontal arm 49 of a bell-crank lever which is pivoted at 50. The vertical arm 51 of this bell crank lever is pivotally attached to the rod 10 whose outer end passes through the opening 8 and is threaded for the reception of a hand 'wheel 52 (Fig. 3). When the hand wheel is rotated in such a direction that the rod 10 is moved outwardly, it will move the link 48 and the hub 31 downwardly, theneb moving the frusto-conical member 30 an its attached .cylindrical portion 33 away from the sphierical tip 24. Thi's dowi ward movement-of the conical member separates the 'inclined surface of the cylindrcal portion 33 from the correspondinginclined surface f the fiange 27 and permits gas to burner beyond that for which it is normally designed. g

I want to call attention at this. pointto the fact that the combined area of the openings 22 in the transverse wall 21 is smaller than the combined area of the openings 26 in 'the wall 25. The purpose of this is to prevent the building up of a high pr'essure in the expansion chamber 23, which Would be the result if openings 26 had an aggregate area less than openings-22. By keeping the pressure in` the expansion 'chamber 23 comparatively low, the gas as it emerges from the interior of the hub will expaml as it enters this chamber, thereby producing a cooling eflect, and besides this the gasas it comes from the openings 22 will inping'e on the inner surface of the expansion chamber, thereby absorbing heat which tends to bring the temperature' of the gas more nearly to the i nition point that it otherwise would ibe an at the same time cooling the material of the sphe'cal tip 24. In the same manner the aggregate area of the notches 28 and 34 4 should preferably be greater than the aggregate area of the openings 26, so as to produce a still further expansion in the second expansion chamber, which I have designated 'by numeral 53. This double expansion of .ishinged at its upper end and pivots about the pivot points 56. This door is free to Swing inwardly when the pressure on the inside becomes less than that on the outside and acts as an automatic device for admitting air into the threat of the burner chamber. The counter weight 56' can be moved on the arm 57 and serves to adjust the resistance of the door so as to get the most, desirable results. When the burner is not Operating, the weight of the door will automatically bring the parts to closed position,

.forated` partition,

thereby preventing the entrance of air and the cooling of the interier of thefurnace.

Although I havememployed the term frusto-conical in connection 'with member 30, ,I'want it understood that this is merely for convenience in describing the same and that any other suitable shape can be used. g 4

Having thus described the invention what I claim as new is:

1. A gas burner having a hollow hub, member whose outer end is closed by a pera hollow tip Secured to the outer end of said hub and cooperating With .the partition to form an expansion chamber, a trusto-conical member Secured to said hub portion and cooperating with the hub and with the tip nember to form a second expansion chamber, the first mentioned' chamber being connected with the interior of the hub and with the second expansion chamber by means of a plurality of openings, the walls of thesecond chamber having a plurality of. openings connecting the second chamber with the atmosphere 2. A gas burner having a hollow hub portion, one end of said hub having a transverce wall provided with a plurality of openings, a concave burner tip Secured to the end of the hub so as to form with the transverse wall an expansion chamber, and a frustoconical member slidably connected with the hub portion and cooperating with portions of the hub and the tip to form a second expansion chamber, the tip portion having a plurality of openings joining said chambers, said tip member and trustoconical member 'having annular Contacting surfaces, said surfaces having staggered notches through which the second chamber is put into communication with the surrounding air.

3. A gas burner havinga hollow hub portion, one end of said hub aving a transverse wall provided with a plurality' of openings, a concave burnertip Secured to the end of the hub so as toform with the transverse wall i an expansion chamber, and a frusto-conical chamber, the tip portion having a member slidably connectedwith the hub port-ion and cooperating with portions of the hub and tip to form a ,second expansion p urality of openings joinng'saidchambers, said tip member and trusto-conical member having annular contacting surfaces, said surfaces member slidably connected with the hub portion and cooperating with portions of the hub and tip to form a second expansion chamber, the tip portion having a plurality of openings joning said chambers, said tipmember and frusto-concal member having annular Contacting surfaces, said surface-s having staggered notches through which the second chamber is put into communication with the surrounding. air, the longitndinal axes of said notches being tangent to a icircle concentric with the hub and a defiector-se cured to the hub, said defiector having a plurality of radially extending propeller blades.

5. A gas burner-.having a hollow hub, one

end of which is closed by a perforated wall; i

a concave tip removably Secured to the end of the burner with its concave sde towards saidwall whereby an expansion chamber is formed, a conical member slidably but nonrotatably Secured to .the hub and a spring for' urging said frusto-conical member towards the tip -member, said trusto-conical member having a surface which cooperates with a similar surface on the tip member to form a tight joint, said surfaces having a plurality of semi-circular notches whose axes are tangentto a cylindrical surface concentric with the axis of the hub, the tip member having a plurality of openings iconnecting the two expansion chambers. v

6. A gas burner'having a hollow hub, one end of which is closed by a perforated wall, a concave tip removably Secured to the 'end of the burner with its concave side towards said wallwhereby 'an expansion chamber is formed, a frusto-conical member slidably but nonrotatably Secured to the for urging said frusto-conical member to: wards the tip member, said conical member having a surface which cooperates with a similar surface on the tip member to form a tight joint, said surfaces having a pluralhub, a spring form a tight joint and resilient means comprising a spring for yieldingly holding said surfaces in contact, said surfaces being each provided with a plurality `of grooves extending from one edge to the other, said grooves being staggered whereby a plurality of openings are bounded in part by a portion of the surface on the other member.

8. A gas burner comprising a hollow hub portion having one end thereof cylindrical and tcrminating in a radial annular shoulder, the other end of said hubhaving a threaded portion, the end having the threaded portion having a perforated end wall and a concave bur-ner tip Secured to the threaded end ot' the hub so as to form with the end wall an expansion chanber, the walls of said chan'her having a plurality of 'openings whose combined areas are greater than the combined areas of the openings-in the end wall of the hub member.

9. A gas burner comprising a hollow hub portion having one end thereof cylindrical and terminating in a raal annular shoulder, the other end of said hub having a threaded portion the' end having the threaded portion having a perforated end wall, a concave burner tip secured to the threaded end of the hub so a's toform with the end wall an expansion chamber, the walls offormed each of which is said chamber having a plurality of openings I whose combined areas are great'er than the combined areas of the openin in the end wall of the 'hub member, a rusto-conical member slidably secured to'the cylindrical portion. of the hub member and means comprising a spring for' holdingsaid frusto-conical member against the shoulder on the hub.

10. Agas burner compris'ing a hollow hub portion having one end thereof cylindrical and terminating in aradial annular shoulder, the other end of said hb having a` portion of the hub member, means comprsing 'a spring for holding said frusto-conical member against the shoulder on the hub, and

means for moving said frusto-conical member longitudinally of the hub.

'Intestimony whereof I' affix my signatur.

, H RQLD DsoHRADER,

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