US1664021A - Process of manufacturing tetra-ethyl lead - Google Patents
Process of manufacturing tetra-ethyl lead Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1664021A US1664021A US146063A US14606326A US1664021A US 1664021 A US1664021 A US 1664021A US 146063 A US146063 A US 146063A US 14606326 A US14606326 A US 14606326A US 1664021 A US1664021 A US 1664021A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lead
- tetra
- ethyl
- alloy
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- MRMOZBOQVYRSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethyllead Chemical compound CC[Pb](CC)(CC)CC MRMOZBOQVYRSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 13
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 11
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000528 Na alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000799 K alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000212342 Sium Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/02—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having cooling means
- F02F1/04—Cylinders; Cylinder heads having cooling means for air cooling
- F02F1/045—Attachment of cylinders to crankcase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/24—Lead compounds
Definitions
- This invention relates to the production of tetra-ethyl lead, and more particularly to the production of the same'by the interaction of lead-sodium-potassium alloy with 'chlorine.
- the method used in the past consists, in general, of heating together ethyl chloride and a very l0 definite alloy of sodium and leadPbNa.
- An object of the present invention is to secure greater yields of tetra-ethyl lead.
- the present invention may be accomplished in the following. embodiment in which we have found that the use of the alloy Pb (Na,K) in place of PbNa starts the reaction with ethyl chloride more readily, can be carried out at a lower temperature, and gives higher yields of tetra-ethyl lead. While it might appear from their positions in the periodic table that potas- 'sium could be substituted for sodium in the alloy PbNa, it is not predictable that the substitution of a small amount of the sodium by potassium would give such a pronounced improvement in yield and ease of operating.
- lead comprising mixing an alloy of lead, conv taining approximately 9 parts of sodium to WILLIAM S CALCOTT. 1 -1.part' of potassium, with ethyl chloride in ALFRED IL PARMELEE;
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
Description
Patented Mar. 27, 1928.
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.
WILLIAM S. CALCOTT, OF PENNS GBOVE, ALFRED E. PARMELEE, OF CARNEYS POINT, AND FREDERICK R. LORRIMAN, OF PENNS GROVE, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNORS TO E. I. DU PONT DE N EMOURS & COMPANY, OF WILMINGTON, DELAWARE, A CORPORA- TION OF DELAWARE.
PROCESS OF MANUFACTUBING TETRA-ETI HYL LEAD.
No Drawing.
This invention relates to the production of tetra-ethyl lead, and more particularly to the production of the same'by the interaction of lead-sodium-potassium alloy with 'chlorine.
In the manufacture of tetra-ethyl lead by the so-called chloride process, the method used in the past consists, in general, of heating together ethyl chloride and a very l0 definite alloy of sodium and leadPbNa.
The conditions of temperature and pressure have been varied widely, although it may be stated that as a rule temperatures of somewhere in the neighborhood of 45 C. in the cooling-bath water have been employcd in the laboratory. The precise method of carrying out the necessary mixing and heating have, naturally, Varied widely, but the process has, basically, always been the heating of ethyl chloride with 'PbNa.
We have discovered that a. still smoother reaction may be obtained if a different alloy is substituted for the lead-sodium alloy PbNa.
An object of the present invention is to secure greater yields of tetra-ethyl lead.
Other objects will appear as the description proceeds.
The present invention may be accomplished in the following. embodiment in which we have found that the use of the alloy Pb (Na,K) in place of PbNa starts the reaction with ethyl chloride more readily, can be carried out at a lower temperature, and gives higher yields of tetra-ethyl lead. While it might appear from their positions in the periodic table that potas- 'sium could be substituted for sodium in the alloy PbNa, it is not predictable that the substitution of a small amount of the sodium by potassium would give such a pronounced improvement in yield and ease of operating.
As an illustrationof the advantage to be gained by the use of the alloy Pb(Na,K) 'over PbNa, the following are typical results:
Temperature of cooling bath, C.
A. Alkali metal content of alloy, 9.5%
' Na+0.75% K. Average yield after 4 hrs.
composition Pb(Na,K)
Application filed November 3, 1826. Serial No. 146,083.
heating, 78.7 Average yield after 6 hrs. heating, 84.9%.
B. Alkali metal content of alloy, 10% Na.
Average yield after 4 hrs. heating, 70.9%. Average yield after '6 hrs. heating, 71.7%. With the cooling bath temperature of 30 0., the difference is still more strikin A. Alloy containing 9.4% Na+0.75% Yield after 8 hours heating, 82.5%.
B. Alloy containing 10% Na. Yield after lead which comprises treating lead, intimately associated with sodium and potassium, with ethyl chloride.
2. The process of producing tetra-ethyl lead comprising effecting a reaction in a closed vessel between ethyl chloride and an .alloy containing lead, sodium, and potassium.
3. In the process of producing tetra-ethyl lead, the step which comprises heatin together ethyl chloride and an alloy 0 the 4. In the process of producing tetra-ethyl lead, the step which comprises eifectin a reaction between ethyl chloride and an afioy of lead containing approximately 9 parts of sodium to one part of otassium.
5. In the process of producing tetra-ethyl lead comprising mixing an alloy of lead containin sodium and potassium with ethyl chloride, eating the mixture and subjecting the mixture to a cooling bath.
6. In the process of producin tetra-ethyl lead comprismg mixing an a oy of lead containin sodium and potassium with ethyl chloride, eating the mlxture and subjecting the mixture to a cooling bath of a temperature of 30 C. to 45 C.
7. In the process of producin tetra-ethyl lead comprising mixing an a 0y of lead loo containing sodiumand potassium with ethyl chloride in a closed vessel, heating the miximmersing the vessel and contents in amature and then immersing the vessel and oon- "ter bath of a temperature of 30 C to45 (1- tents in a water bath. In testimony whereof we affix our signa- 8. 'In the process of producing tetra-ethyl tures. y v
lead comprising mixing an alloy of lead, conv taining approximately 9 parts of sodium to WILLIAM S CALCOTT. 1 -1.part' of potassium, with ethyl chloride in ALFRED IL PARMELEE;
a closed vessel, heating the mixture and en FREDERICK R. 'LORRIMAN.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US146063A US1664021A (en) | 1926-11-03 | 1926-11-03 | Process of manufacturing tetra-ethyl lead |
| FR638103D FR638103A (en) | 1926-11-03 | 1927-07-22 | Improvements to the tetraethyl lead manufacturing process |
| DEC40168D DE504827C (en) | 1926-11-03 | 1927-07-22 | Process for the production of tetraethyl lead |
| GB19868/27A GB280169A (en) | 1926-11-03 | 1927-07-26 | Improvements in or relating to processes of producing tetraethyl lead |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US146063A US1664021A (en) | 1926-11-03 | 1926-11-03 | Process of manufacturing tetra-ethyl lead |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1664021A true US1664021A (en) | 1928-03-27 |
Family
ID=22515707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US146063A Expired - Lifetime US1664021A (en) | 1926-11-03 | 1926-11-03 | Process of manufacturing tetra-ethyl lead |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1664021A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE504827C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR638103A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB280169A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2635106A (en) * | 1951-10-25 | 1953-04-14 | Ethyl Corp | Process for making tetraethyl lead |
| US2742418A (en) * | 1952-08-28 | 1956-04-17 | Ethyl Corp | Electrolytic cell for alkali-lead alloy manufacture |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2464398A (en) * | 1946-03-12 | 1949-03-15 | Du Pont | Manufacturing tetraethyl lead |
-
1926
- 1926-11-03 US US146063A patent/US1664021A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1927
- 1927-07-22 DE DEC40168D patent/DE504827C/en not_active Expired
- 1927-07-22 FR FR638103D patent/FR638103A/en not_active Expired
- 1927-07-26 GB GB19868/27A patent/GB280169A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2635106A (en) * | 1951-10-25 | 1953-04-14 | Ethyl Corp | Process for making tetraethyl lead |
| US2742418A (en) * | 1952-08-28 | 1956-04-17 | Ethyl Corp | Electrolytic cell for alkali-lead alloy manufacture |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE504827C (en) | 1930-08-14 |
| GB280169A (en) | 1928-10-18 |
| FR638103A (en) | 1928-05-16 |
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