US1657502A - Headlight - Google Patents

Description

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F. @o HARFRMAN HEADLIGHT Filed Feb. 4, 1926 Patented Jan. 31, 1928.

UNITED STATES FFlE.

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Application filed February 4, 1926. Serial No. 85,993.

'lhis invention relates to new and useful improvements in headlightsn and has for vits principal object the provision of means to deflect certain rays of light from the illumi- N nating means to inipinge a lens of a particular type whereby a flood light of such dimensions will be sent from the headlight as to thoroughly illuminate objects laterally ot the headlight when either driving forin vvard or in making turns. a

Another object of the invention resides in the provision of a headlight having a heini-spherical lens in combination with means tor dellecting and reflecting raysct '1W light to all Surfaces of the lens1 provision being made in the combination to permit substantial unobstructed passage of certain l? the rays to illuminate a substantial distance ahead, While the direct rays of light are out ed' by the lens to prevent any blinding glare.

A further object ot the invention resides in the provision ot a headlight having a heini-spherical lens to resemble a human y@ther objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the course of the following description.

ln the accompanying drawing Whic il lorins a art of thedescription and wherein 4like nuerals are employed to designate like parts throughout the views.

lligure 1 is a longitudinal section of the headlight employing my invention.

Figure 2 is a transverse section of the same talren on the line 2--2 ot Figure 1,

and

lligure 3 is a front elevation ot1 the headlight vvith parts ol3 the lens broken away to show the laminated structure thereof.

Referring now more in detail to the draw ings and wherein for the purpose ot illustration, ll have shown the embodiment oit my invention which is at present preferred, the numeral l designates the headlight casing ot any desired construction, although it should 'ollovv more or less closely to a he1ni-- spheric or parabolic configuration asis custoniary. The forward end 5 ot this casing i is slightly enlarged or flared to cooperate with a detachable rim 6 in providing an annular channel to receive parts of the headl light to be hereinafter described.

A rel-lector 7 ot any desired type is positioned in the posterior part of the casing-l and is equipped with a central flanged apertui'e 8 to align with the central orilice in the casing l for the passage of the incandescent bulb socket 9 so as to dispose the incandescent bulb 1() in front of the reflector 7 as shown. Any desired medium may be employed for varying the position of the incandescent light axially of the reflector 7. The outer end of the reflector is provided with an outturned flange 11 having a depressed circumferential groove therein for the reception of a cushioning ring 12, and the free edge of this flange is turned at right angles to be received in the annular groove formed by the rim of the headlight cooperating With the end 5 of the casing.

rlhe lens 13 ot the headlight is substantially hemispheric to closely resemble the cornea ot' the human eye, and comprises a laminated structure consisting ot inner and outer hemispheric clear glass shells 14 and 15 respectively and an intermediate translucent hemi-spherical lens 16 iitting closely to one another. The edge ot the shell 15 is provided With an outwardly extending flan-ge 17 adapted to be received in the groove formed by the headlight rim, While thel shells 14 and 16 have no flanges and are held in Contact Witheach other and with the shell 15 throughout their areas in a manner which will be presently described. rllhe intermediate translucent lens 16 may be of the milky White type, vitreous or ot any other material which will render the lens non-glaring.

'lhe central portion 18 of any of'these shells 14, 15 or 16 is shaded as shown in Figure 3 to imitate the pupil ot an eye and to cut oil direct rays 'from the illuminating means, although ll prefer to stamp an iridescent color upon the intermediate lens 16. Arranged in spaced relation to the shaded area. 18 is a second shaded ring-like area 19 or substantially circular configuration but having its inner edge resembling a hypocycloid to resemble the iris ot an eye and to provide a translucent space 20 between the tivo shaded areas 18 and.19.

Between the illuminating ineans 10 and the hemi-spheric shell 13, a crystalline shell 21 is positioned with its outer edge received and clamped between the flange 1l ot' the reflector' and the flange 17 ot the lens 15 by means ot the usual detachable rim 6. ln this connection it will be observed that the edges ot the lenses 14 and 16 abut `the shell 21'to maintain theseV lenses stable. This crystalline shell which is mede of clear glass,

is substantially trumpet shaped to lane outwardly and is hollow for the purpose of mounting within its inner truncated end 22 a concavo-convex lens 23 directly in front of the incandescent bulb 10. This concave-convex lens has its posterior concavity greater than its anterior convexity so as to deflect rays of light throughout the entire area ol" the hemi-spheric lens 13. In order to completely diffuse the light rays deflected by the lens 23,1 locate a circular piece of shot sill: fabric 24 directly in it'ront of this lens and attach itto the shell 21 by crimping the edge of the fabric and attaching it to the shell in any suitable manner.

From the foregoing description, it will be apparent that. some of the rays of light from .the incandescent bulb 10 will be dellected by the concavo-convex lens 23 so as to spread or disperse these rays whereby they will be directed to the entire area of the hemi-spherical lens 1 3 thereby permitting the headlight to shed a flood of light bot-h laterally and forwardly thereof. The most direct rays of light will be cut oil by theshaded ortion 1S of the lens 13, but some rays will be permitted to pass through the space 2O to illuminate objects a substantial distance ahead of the light, while the shaded portion 19 indicating the iris will cut oil other of the light rays which usually cause the glare. The inner layer 1l o' the lens 13V serves as a medium tor the expansion of the light rays, although if desired Athis may be eliminated. Due to the shot silk screen 24 being positioned in Jfront of the lens 23,' and the lens 16 being translucent, it will be obvious that the rays of light are thoroughly diffused; the lens 16 acting to diiuse whatever rays of light that are reflected by the reflector 7 Without passing through the screen 24.

It is to be understood that various changes in the size, shape and arrangement of parts may be resorted to Without departing from the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A headlight comprising the combination of a casing having a rellector, illuminating means, a hemispherical shell having a central shaded portion, a lens positioned between said illuminating means and said hemispherical shell to permit passage oit the direct rays from said illuminating-means to said shaded portion of said hemispherical shell and to deflect other rays through other portions of the hemispherical shell, and a sillr screen positioned in front of said lens.'

passage of the direct rays from said illumi- Leer/,coa

Hating means to said shaded portion of said hemispherical lens and to, deflect other rays through other portions of said hemispherical tion of a casing having a reflector. illuminating means, a hemispherical translucent lens having centrally disposed spaced shaded portions separated by a translucent portion, a crystalline shell positioned between the illuminating means and said hemispherical lens, and a concavo-cxmi'ex lens supported by said crystalline shell for directing direct rays to said shaded portions and deflected rays through the translucent portion arranged between the shaded portions.

at. A headlight comprising the combination with a casing lhaving a reflector, illuminating means, a hcmispherical translucent lens haring a central shaded portion, said heinisplier-ical. lens projecting forwardly beyond said casing, a trumpet-shaped plain crystal line shell positioned in front of said illumnating means Within said casing and adjacent the forward edge thereof, a concave-convex lens mounted in said trumpet-shaped shell and having itsaxis coincident with the adjacent lens, and a fabric screen in front olf' said concavoeconvex lens.

il headlight comprising thc combination of a casing havin a reflector, illuminating means, a hemisp erical shell having a central shaded portion, a trumj'iet-shaped plain crystalline shell positioned in lront ot said illuminating means to permit passage of rays from said illuminatingr means to the entire inner surface of said hemispherical lens, a concavoconif'ex lens mounted in said trumpet shaped shell and having its axis coincident With the aforesaid lens to permit passage of direct rays from said illuminating means to said shaded portion of said hemispherical lens, and fabric diffusing means positioned in 'front of said concavo-convex lens.

6. A headlight comprising the combination of a casing havin a reflector, illuininatr ing means, a hemisp ierical lens having .a central shaded portion, said heniispherical lens projecting forwardly,beyond said casing, a trumpet-shaped crystalline shell positioned in front of said illuminating means Within said casing and adjacent the for- Ward edge thereof, and a concavo-convex lens mounted in said trumpet shaped shell and arranged adjacent the forward edge of said casing and adjacent the edge ot' said hcmispherical lens to cause direct forward rays from said illuminating means to pass to said shaded portion of said hcmispherical lens and other rays from said illuminating means to pass by deflection through the 'other portions of said lens.

' FRANK BENJIMLN HARltMAN.

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