US1640287A - Heater - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 23,1927. f 1,640,281

' P. NEUSSR l HEATER Filed Jan.5. 1925 Patented Aug. 23, 1927.

ni'rsnA STATES PETER NEUSSER, OF AACHEN, GERMANY.

HEATER.

Application filed January 5, 1925. Serial No. V667, and in Germany vJanuary 7, 1924.

This invention relatesto counter current heaters or boilers of the type comprising a plurality of cylinders surrounding one another and designed to generate hot water or 5 steam for heating purposes.`

in the well-known heaters of this kind the gases of combustion are either led off at a side or centrally at the top; Then leading the gases off aty a side of the heaterv the contact between the gases and the cylindrical heating surfaces is not uniform, while when leading` ott the lgases centrally at the top the velocity of tiow of the gases becomes so high as to render impossible a. satisfactory i5 utilization of the heating 'energy of the gases. p

The invention has for its primai'y object to avoid the said drawbacks providing a heater of the kind stated which has its flue 2o or outlet arranged centrallyra't its lower end7 whereby itis attainedl that the gases of combustion come intouniforin contact with all heating surfaces and that the fiow of the gases through the channels formed that the gases are fully utilized.

Another object of the invention is to provide all cylinders, at least one of which' is double-walled and filled with' water between its walls, with a water-filled closed end or bottoni forming additional heating surfaces by which the efficiency of the heateris niaterially increased. l

The invention further resides in that the .-:3 cylinders are arranged so with relation to one anotherthat their 'closed ends lie alternately at the upperan'd.lower ends of the heater, the furnaceV being arranged in one of the cylinders having its lower end closed.

. further object of vthe invention is to rovide separate base for supporting the .oiler proper, the base containing only the -ue while the boiler is provided with the furnace and the ash pit as well aswith the 45 charging stoling and ash pit doors. This construction of the heater in two superimposed sections allows of adjusting theininiiiependently from each other, so that the base may be arranged so as to permit of a straight connection being made between its flue and the chimney, while the boiler itself may be adjusted so as to take the most suitable position with respect to the prevailing conditions of space and light of the room wherein to arrange the heater.

Still another object of the invention is to between the several cylinders is retarded Aso my invention consists iny the construction,

providethe upper water-filled end wall of 'the outer cylindei if desired with a steam dome, whereby itis rendered possible vto changea lhot-water generating heater into a heater for'generating steam, or viceversa Y,

by omitting the steamdome.

The invention finally proposes for heaters comprising at least three cylinders the use of a grate having hollow grate bars filled with 'water and being .in communication' with one or more of the water-filled double- .walled cylinders. p ing tubes may then .be interposed between Spaced 'vertical connectthe grate and the lower end of the innermost cylinder which in this case is shorter lthan the other cylinders. Thereby a basket serving as a lire box and consisting of the grate bars and the vertical connecting tubes is formed. Such a tire basket forms additional heating surfaces and allows the vflames to come in contact with a considerablv in-y y creased area, whereby a perfect utilization of the fuel and a highly economical heating is attained.

. l/Vith the above and other ends in view,

combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter described and shown iii the accompanying drawings.

, In the drawings vF ig. 1 is a vertical section through a heater according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section along the line A-B of Fig. 1. l y

The heater comprises three cylinders, has a water-filled grate and is constructed for the generation of steam. This heater is more Lparticularlv designed for use in compara- .tivelyv large heating plants.

The innermost cylinder 31 whichv constitutes the fuel receiving chamber has its closed end 31 at its upper end and is much shorter than the other cylinders. Arranged in the intermediate cylinder 32 at a certain distance underneath the lower end of the cylinder 31 is the grate 37 which consists of water-filled grate bars connected with or formed integrally with an outerannular pipe 37. The annular pipe 37 is in coniinunication with the water-illedspace of the cylinder 31 by-a series of spaced vertical tubes 315. A space 33 is left between the outer Wall of the cylinder 31 and the tubes 315 on the one hand and the inner Wall of the cylinder 32 on the other hand. The grate 37, 37 and the tubes 315 constitute a basket Atubes 315 and the grate 37 f wards, whereby the accumulation of ashesin' the lower end oit Vthe annularl channel 331is V provided. at itsV Aand the closed end serving as fire boX. The Vannular pipe 37 tightly abuts against the inner wall of the cylinder' 32 and is in communication with the water-filled inner' space of this cylinder by horizontal passages 316 Fig. 2. The annular pipe 37 closes the lower end of the annular channel 33 againstthe entranceofV fresh air. As indicated by dotand dash lines in Fig. 1 the tubes 315 may also be inclined so that the basket `formed by the enlarges downthrough the door 310 is prevented by the pipe 3T from entering into the annular i channel 33, the fresh airwill be supplied eX- clusively to the lire lying in the basket. The flames and gases leaving the fire-box through theispaees between the tubes 315 strike or flow into the annular channel 33, ascend through the same and pass over the upper edge of the cylinder 32 into the annular space 3111 formed between the intermediate cylinder 32 and the outer cylinder 313 and linally flow downwardly through the space 314 into the central flue 36. It there is used agrate 37 consisting of solid grate bars the tubes 315 and passages 3.16 are omitted. The three water-filled cylinders 31, 32 and 313 are in communication with one another by pipes 34, see Figs. 1 and 2.

The hollow space of the closed end 313 ot the outermost cylinder 313 is considerably enlarged so as to term a steam dome 3,18. In this way a heater for hot-water heating may readily bechanged into a heater for steam heating and vice versa. If the heater should be used as a steam generator, a circular portion 318,C corresponding' to the desired diameter of the steam dome is for instance cut out of the upper wall 313"L of the end 313 whereupon a cylinder 3131D is mounted in theopening thus formed and closed at its upper end by the cut-out portion 313C. Y

The base of the structure is shown as made upf ofbriclrwork, and it is provided with suitable cleaning opening 321 closed by f ya'cap 320. On the upper portion of the .base

structure is an annular liange 319, on which Having thus described my invention, Vwhat* I claim asnew and desire to secure by Let.- rers-Patent, 1s 1 l In a heater'comprislng at least three con- K centrically arranged spaced cylinders the 1n, V

termediate and innermost one of which are double-walled and adapted to contain water, heating channels between the cylinders', each cylinder having a double walled closed end adapted to contain water, the closedend ot the innermost cylinder being at the upper end of such cylinder, the closed end of the intermediate cylinder being at the lower end oi such cylinder, and the closed end of the outermost cylinder being at the upper end of such cylindenthe innermost cylinder being shorter than the other cylinders, a furnace arranged underneath the innermost cylinder in the intermediate cylinder, said fur'- nace including hollow grate bars adapted to` contain water and communicating 'with one another and with the water spaceofthe intermediate cylinder, and a series of spaced upwardly direct-ed connecting tubes between the gra-te and the lower end of the innermost cylinder, these tubes and, the grate bars forming Vtogether a basket serving as lire box, and a flue arranged centrally below the cylinders and being in communication with the annular heatingchannel between the intermediate and the outermost cylinder.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification. l

" l 'PETER NEUssnn.`

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