US1637726A - bebgsiai - Google Patents
bebgsiai Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1637726A US1637726A US1637726DA US1637726A US 1637726 A US1637726 A US 1637726A US 1637726D A US1637726D A US 1637726DA US 1637726 A US1637726 A US 1637726A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- glycol
- nitrated
- mixed
- nitrating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 30
- 230000000802 nitrating Effects 0.000 description 26
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxane Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 14
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-propanetrioltrinitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- MJEMIOXXNCZZFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylone Chemical compound CCNC(C)C(=O)C1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 MJEMIOXXNCZZFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000003371 Toes Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N butylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
Definitions
- My invention relates particularly ton for intruting al phatic oxides. It .1 21, however, especially to the nitrw t i oy means of which aliphatic oxides may be nitrated in un advantageous munner so es to avoid the disutlvuntnges hitherto iuherent in connection therewith.
- .l may use a mixture of from 2 to of ethylene oxide and 98 to 56% ethylene glycol, depending upon how high a nitrogen content is desired in the product,
- The. two ineterials may he readily mixed in these proporlions us ethylene oxide is miscible with ethylene glycol in all proportions.
- l inuy use a mixture of ethylene glycol and 30% ethylene oxide, the some being added slowly to ii mixed acid contuinii'ig up I proximately 79 to 50%, but preferably 5@% of sulphuric acid, and 30 to 50%, but preferuhly 40% of nitric acid, the mixture being either anhydrous or containing not more then 10% of water.
- the nitrated ethylene oxide sppears as an oil on the surface of the acid and may be decanted therefrom and washed with u dilute alkaline solution coniprising, for example, a 5% solution of scale in waiter, to produce a neutral stable oil cepahle of use as a powerful explosive.
- u dilute alkaline solution coniprising, for example, a 5% solution of scale in waiter, to produce a neutral stable oil cepahle of use as a powerful explosive.
- An explosive product obtained shove e9 may he used alone es an explosive may form one of the ingredients of any one of the dynamite compositions known.
- One eztample of such compositions would be the following:
- Nitruteii ethylene oxicle glycol mixture (as above) 20 Nitroglycerine :20 Sodium nitriiteu uofl 4 Wood meal Chalk"M c. lm l n; the above composition it is to he u; den stood that the niti'ut ed eti ylene oxizieglycol g5 mixture may be used to replace the. nitro glycerine us a whole or in part. Also, in stead. of the sodium nitrate other agents, such as potassium nityote uuioniuzn nitrate or potassium perchloil a, may he 3959 used.
- instescl oLthe wood pulp other carbonaceousyirotlucts'inuy he used, such as starch.
- tlicfnitrstecl ethylene oxide glycol s mixture may he used in any desired way for the making; oil the gelatin zlyniunites with 'nitrocotton, one example of which would be the following composition:
- the process which comprises forming a nitrated aliphatic hydrocarbon oxide and a nitrated polyhydroxy alcohol by nitrating an aliphatic hydrocarbon oxide mixed with a polyhydroxy alcohol.
- the rocess which comprises forming a nitrate al lene oxide and a nitrated polyhydroxy a cohol by nitrating an alkyleno oxide mixed with a polyhydroxy alcohol.
- ' 'alkylene oxide I e. nitrsted alkylene oxide glycol by nltreting an alkylene oxide mixed nitrated elkylene oxide and 5.
- the process which comprises forming a nitrated alkylene oxide by nitrating an mixed with a glycol.
Landscapes
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Description
3?. BEBGEIM, F WOODBURY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR T6 E. I. I!) HEHGURS &: CGBIIPANY, 0F l/V'ILMINGTQN, DELAWARE, A CGEiPOZLfiZLIK Serial Key $3975.
PEDCESS 0F PEODUfiING EXELQSIVEE.
.l'lolfimwing. :lpplicatlon filed June 13, 1926.
My invention relates particularly ton for intruting al phatic oxides. It .1 21, however, especially to the nitrw t i oy means of which aliphatic oxides may be nitrated in un advantageous munner so es to avoid the disutlvuntnges hitherto iuherent in connection therewith. Previously,
1% ethylene oxide has been nitruteil to form an explosive oil L'Olllltlllllllg about 16% nitrogen,
by nitiutioi'i with nitric acid alone and subsequent preciiiitat-ion with sulphuric ucid (Carerman Patent No. 376,000 of 1923). The product obtained in accordance with said patent a mixture 01 glycol ilinitrute and nit-rated polymerization products of ethylene oxide.
Furthermore,-whcn ethylene oxide is nitratetl with mixed sulphuric and nitric acids there 20 is produced a mixture of solid and liquid products of low nitrogen content with little or no glycol dinitmte formed. These 01 nier processes consequei'itly disadvantageous. In the case oi dissolving ethylene oxide instrmig nitric acid there is considerable danger us the .e' ture oi an organic hotly with nitric acid plosive. Also, the ethylene oxide reacts violently with toe strong nitric acid, which so evol s a large iiniountoi heat.
I we found that the above disadvaniiges may e overcome by the use oi'e diu'ent, such, for example, as ethylene glycol or glycerol, one then nitruting the ethylene oxide with mixed nitric and sulphu 'ic acids.
The product thus obtained hes a high nitrogen content and is free from the solid nitrohociies ii hove referr eu to as being obtained from initiating ethylene oxide alone with 3 ed ecidsi While any invention capable of being carried out in many different ways, by Way of illustration I shall describe only certain Ways of carrying out my invention hereinafter,
For example, .l may use a mixture of from 2 to of ethylene oxide and 98 to 56% ethylene glycol, depending upon how high a nitrogen content is desired in the product,
inasmuch as the larger the percentage of glycol the larger the nitrogen content up to a point of 18.40% nitrogen.
all?
potentially at high e:;-.
The. two ineterials may he readily mixed in these proporlions us ethylene oxide is miscible with ethylene glycol in all proportions. For instance. in; l inuy use a mixture of ethylene glycol and 30% ethylene oxide, the some being added slowly to ii mixed acid contuinii'ig up I proximately 79 to 50%, but preferably 5@% of sulphuric acid, and 30 to 50%, but preferuhly 40% of nitric acid, the mixture being either anhydrous or containing not more then 10% of water. The nitrated ethylene oxide sppears as an oil on the surface of the acid and may be decanted therefrom and washed with u dilute alkaline solution coniprising, for example, a 5% solution of scale in waiter, to produce a neutral stable oil cepahle of use as a powerful explosive.- It is to he understood, also, that instead of the ethylene glycol and the ethylene oxide 1 may use similarly any other aliphatic oxide or oxides and any other glycol, Well mixtures of the some, for instance, prop 'lene oxide and a glycol. Also, instead of the L glycol above referred to I may use other polyhydroxy alcohols such as propylene glycol, butylene glycol and glycerol, inu'ividu ally or in mixtures containing the some.
An explosive product obtained shove e9 may he used alone es an explosive may form one of the ingredients of any one of the dynamite compositions known. One eztample of such compositions would be the following:
Per mu by wei ht. Nitruteii ethylene oxicle glycol mixture (as above) 20 Nitroglycerine :20 Sodium nitriiteu uofl 4 Wood meal Chalk"M c. lm l n; the above composition it is to he u; den stood that the niti'ut ed eti ylene oxizieglycol g5 mixture may be used to replace the. nitro glycerine us a whole or in part. Also, in stead. of the sodium nitrate other agents, such as potassium nityote uuioniuzn nitrate or potassium perchloil a, may he 3959 used. Furthermore, instescl oLthe wood pulp other carbonaceousyirotlucts'inuy he used, such as starch. Also, it will be understood. that. tlicfnitrstecl ethylene oxide glycol s mixture. may he used in any desired way for the making; oil the gelatin zlyniunites with 'nitrocotton, one example of which would be the following composition:
.It is to be understood that in all the above compositions the proportions may vary wide ly as to each and all of the ingredients, according to the particular uses to which the explosive is to be applied.
While I have described my invention above in detail I wish it to be understood that men changes may be n'nidc therein without eparting from the spirit of the same.
I claim: I
1. The process which comprises forming a nitrated aliphatic hydrocarbon oxide by nitrating an aliphatic hydrocarbon oxide mixed with a polyhydroxy alcohol;
2. The process which comprises forming a nitrated aliphatic hydrocarbon oxide and a nitrated polyhydroxy alcohol by nitrating an aliphatic hydrocarbon oxide mixed with a polyhydroxy alcohol.
c process which comprises forming a mtrated alkylene oxide-by nitrating an alkylene oxide mixed with a polyhydroxy alcohol. I
4. The rocess which comprises forming a nitrate al lene oxide and a nitrated polyhydroxy a cohol by nitrating an alkyleno oxide mixed with a polyhydroxy alcohol.
' 'alkylene oxide I e. nitrsted alkylene oxide glycol by nltreting an alkylene oxide mixed nitrated elkylene oxide and 5. The process which comprises forming a nitrated alkylene oxide by nitrating an mixed with a glycol.
6. The process which comprises forming and a; nitrated with a glycol.
7. The process which comprises forming a nitrated alkylene oxide by nitrating an alkylene oxide'mixed with ethylene glycol.
8. The process which comprises liorming a a nitrated ethylone, glycol b nitrating an alkylene oxide mixed with the ethylene glycol.
9. The process which comprises forming a nitreted aliphatic hydrocarbonoxide by nitrnting an aliphatic hydrocarbon oxide mixed with a polyhydroxy. alcohol, then decanting and washing the product with an alkaline solution.
10. The process which comprises formin a nitratcd aliphatic hydrocarbonoxide an a nitrated polyhydroxy alcohol by nitrating an aliphatic hydrocarbon oxide mixed with the polyhydroxy alcohol then decanting and washing the product with .an alkaline solution.\
11. The process which comprises forming a nitrated nlkylene oxide by nitrating an alkylene oxide mixed with a polyhydroxy alcohol. then decanting and washing the product with an alkaline solution.
12. The process which comprises formin a nitrated alkylcne oxide and a nitratet polyhydroxy alcohol by nitrating an alkyl- .ene oxide mixed with a polyhydroxy alcohol,
then decanting and washing the product with an alkaline solution.
13. The process which comprises forming a nitrated alkylene oxide by nitrating an alkylene oxide mixed with a glycol, then decanting and washing the product with an alkaline solution.
14. The process which comprises forming a nitrated alkylene oxide and a nitrated polyhydroxy alcohol by nitrating an alkylene oxide mixed with a glycol, then decanting and. washing the product with. an alkaline solution.
15. The process which comprises forming a nitrated alkylene oxide by nitrating an alkylene oxide mixed with ethylene glycol, then decanting and washing the product with in alkaline solutionl 1.6. The process which comprises forming claim the foregoing, I
FRANK H. BERGEIM.
hand this 11 day of
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US1637726A true US1637726A (en) | 1927-08-02 |
Family
ID=3413108
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US1637726D Expired - Lifetime US1637726A (en) | bebgsiai |
Country Status (1)
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3208890A (en) * | 1962-02-28 | 1965-09-28 | Nitroglycerin Ag | Gelatinized explosive |
US3284254A (en) * | 1963-08-16 | 1966-11-08 | Wasagchemie Ag | Explosive plastic foils containing gelatinized nitrocellulose |
US5403035A (en) * | 1992-06-01 | 1995-04-04 | Oea, Inc. | Preparing air bag vehicle restraint device having cellulose containing sheet propellant |
-
0
- US US1637726D patent/US1637726A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3208890A (en) * | 1962-02-28 | 1965-09-28 | Nitroglycerin Ag | Gelatinized explosive |
US3284254A (en) * | 1963-08-16 | 1966-11-08 | Wasagchemie Ag | Explosive plastic foils containing gelatinized nitrocellulose |
US5403035A (en) * | 1992-06-01 | 1995-04-04 | Oea, Inc. | Preparing air bag vehicle restraint device having cellulose containing sheet propellant |
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