US1626867A - Firearm - Google Patents

Description

May 3, 41927.

C. A. NELSON FIREARM Filed June 12. 1920 2 sheets-smul Snowdon I 4 MMM a. ,4L/4 @5% @lf/toc e 5 a MM LNTIIIIF |l, w Q

30 the instant .of bring.

Patented May 3, 19217. f

UNITED .SGM?alsA cHiinLEs 1,626,867 PATENT .oi-Fica n. iirnrgsoir, orrriicii, NEW Yoan, AssIGNoR; 'ro SAVAGE ARMS CORPORA- TlroNfoF UTICA, NEW'oRK, yii c'oiiro'na'rioiioi" DELAWARE.

IIREARK.

Application led' Iuiie i2,

My invention relates ,to repeatin firearms', and particularly to those 'inw'yich `a neciprocatingaction bar adjacent the barrel operates .the reloadingmechanism. vThe ,ob-

ject .of my inventioni's to improve the Safety devices ,which preventthe-ring ot'a ,car- `tridge until the is fiillylocked up or `tiring. To this end, I provide .an action barv 'lock having improved' actuating means, `an improved lock for the l.trigger mechanism, and 4improved means Afor .controlling the lat- .ter lock, these several `,factors constituting features of my invention 'independently and Ain .comlcnationlas will later appear. The invention also comprehends ,the structure land .relative Iarrangement of the' .various .pai-.ts and combinations .and `sub-combnav tions )thereof looking` toward simplicity and compactnessof `the arm. v

In Athe ,accompanyingtvvo sheets Aof drawings whichfillustrate .the preferred formof my invention, Fig. 1 is .an elevation of a part-of the repeating .firearm invvhich ,the invention is embodied. Fig. 2 is an elevation Aof the receiver rportion of the .arm broken a-Wiy to ,show .the interior; fthe parts are in the positions they assume when .the lgun is ready foiiriiig. yiFig. 3, similar ito l`1`igL-2 shows` the pants `iin their ypositions ,at Fig. 4 is ,an elevation of Athe `action ahar' and parts adjacent ,the hammer in position for .re-loading. 4F.ig; `5 ,is a plan view of the mechanism adjacent the hammer, the yhammer rbeing. 'in section and its spring mechanism omitted, and Fig. .6 is a ldet-.til of lthe lock .mechanismat '.tlie ibeginnin'g of the'opening movement .of `the gun, the action bar lock being broken ',aivay. Fig. isla perspective vievi7 vof vthe action -bar lock. Fig 48 shows :the .parts of Fig. 6 Iin a later position.. Figui) is a lbottom plan of the `hammer pivot Iassembly. Figs. l0, ll and 12 are perspectives Aof fthe hammer, the g presser on ham-mer, and .the trigger lock respectively. y u

The repeating lirearm shown comprises the usual stock y1 and receiver .2, Aand :the usual trigger guard Aplate 3' .held in place A vby: the screw 4 at the rear yof theguarduaiid u suitable shoulders at 'itsritorvvar end, the barrel 5, magaziiietube 6, action .handle 'f7 carried vby the magazine tube', `-and :its .action "bar 8L The gun is shown aso the `takedowntype lout this is iinijriirterial.

The oo- `tion bar' =8 extends rearwardly from hth'e acmao. serial No. 385,458.

*210D -hanfllof/ and Within .tho mooi-vor .3 iS provided' Witlia lateral lug 9 adapted to ride in a :slot k10 in the lireechfbolt 11; this slot 10 comprises a horizontal Portion Koo.- ciipied ley the lug y9 in Fig. 2) and a por# tion extending both upwardly rear@ vai'dly therefrom, .so arranged tliattlie lug 9 cofacting therewith Will operate the breeclif bolt in ,theme11 known manner, irst lover.- ma tho' roar ,ond ofthe bolt .to Withdraw the recoil shoulder 12 from its co-oy -erating notch in the reoovor f2 and tholoa ter slid.- ing the liolttothe rear, and vice versmieturning to @the position of Fig. 2. .The breech-bolt 11 carries the usual lcartridge extractors 15, one ,on each side, contains ithe living pin 16 ,and is provided with ainem- `her` 1'1" servingas an `action liar retainer and cartridge -cut-oli'. This retainer is disclosed `and ,claimed in a cofpending application; its .purpose is to prevent tlie'witli drawal ,ofthe action bar .8 from the holt Kslot for take-down except when the .trigger has -been pulled, and it also coiitrolslthe passage .oit .cartridges `from the magazine f3 `rto the rreceiver ,for .transport vto the ,chairmen The action bar lock() which pi-event sthe ltiring of a cartridge 'While the ,gunisfpartly ,open-is pivoted on the Vsame pivot .Qlgvvhieh carriesfthe hammer ,22. 'illiislock isytor ,obstructing rearward .movemento [the .b ar .and also serves to unlocktli'e trigger for lining, as presently ex lained. 'llhehammer (Fig. .10.)v is actuated loay hammer spring .23 carried by .the plunger 24, andsprovi'd'ed at its', hase .with the usual cooking'shoiilder..engagil1g .the forward `end .25 of .the ,trigger .26; it cocked Vby the breecliebolt .as the latter lretreats Aand .rides over .it for .this purpose. The .hammer pivot pin .211 is supported in vand between two upstanding ribs'orpliates 33and 34 on' trigger guard V35, plate Blf hef'ing `at the side ,of Vthe .guardandembraccd ,hy the parts 27, BO andl 31 o'f lock 20, .so that its arm 27 `may beiiirthe ,plane of ,theaction bar and its lug'` 81 in aplane adjacent `to ,the hammer .for operation .thereby asnpresently described. rEhe rother Ltwo .upstanding plates 36 and arett-hetrigger,guard sides. filllie trigger guard.. also carries the .abutment for the" hammer spring 23 and the guide for its plunger 124 asrslioivn in Figs'. 3 and 4, and

th'e forward end ofthe guard is supported'byr engagement with 4approprialte lshoulders .on

tleeival'lsoffthe receiver .while Itang 38l (Fig.

5) supports the rear end of the guard being provided with a screw hole for the screw 4. The trigger lock is a simple flat plate 39 provided with a hook l0 to engage a suitable part of the trigger mechanism, and is Journalled on the hammer pivot between the hammer and the action bar-lock 2O and in the plane of the lateral lug 3l on the lock 20 so that it maybe operated therebyfas later described. Trigger 26 is journalled on pin in the walls 36, 33 and 37 of the trigger' guard and its plunger 61 carrying its spring 62 bears on the rear endof the trigger to force itsforward end 25 upward intothe hammer notch when the hammer 22 is cocked (Fig. 2). It may be noted at this point that this assembly is a simple compact one and that the action bar-lock 2O is firmly emplaced both with respect to the action bar 8 which it controls and with respectto the hammer 22 which governs its position, while the action bar-lock, hammer', trigger mechanism lock andthe trigger-mechanism, are remov able as a unit from the receiver by the release of the trigger guard.

The action barlock 20 is shown in perspective in Fig. 7. The action bar lock I propose to operate by two springs, one for moving it to actionbar-obstructing or firing position, and the other, which is put under tension by the tiring of the gun, for moving it in the other direction against the constant pressure of the first spring, although in so far as the lock cooperates with various other parts such particular operating means are not altogether necessary as will be apparent later. In the gun shown, the first of these springs is marked 29, being iixed to an adjacent wall 37 of the trigger guard pressing .downwardly on the rear end 28 of the lock (Figs. 3 and 5)v so as to raise the forward end toward the path ofthe action bar 8. In the normal use of the gun, this` arm 27 bears against the lower edge of the action bar until the latter has reached the limit of its forward movement when it snaps over the end and takes the position shown in Fig. 2 in which it obstructs rearward movement of the action bar,`that is to say, prevents opening of the breecl The angle of the contacting surfaces of the bar and lock and the direction of the thrust are arranged so that rearward pull on the action handle 7 tends to hold the lock in locking position. The lock is displaced from this position automatically as the result of iiring the gun, and it may also be displaced manually for which purpose its rear end 28 extending through the trigger guard is formed as a thumb piece. The automatic unlocking of the lockf20 is effected by the pressure of the other operatin spring 57, which IV term the presser spring and which is made effective by the act of firing the gun or pulling the trigger. This spring rs located in a recess 52 in the hammer (Fig.

l0) and acts ona small lever or presser 50 which is pivoted on the hammer itself, at 54. The lower end of this lever is adapted to strike the offset lug 3l on lock 2O whenever the hammer strikes the firing pin and thereby either moves (unlocks) the lock 2O or yields thereto according as to whether the end of the action bar is free from, or engaged with, the end of the lock. lIf the lock is unrestrained by the action bar it is immediately unlocked by the act of firing, `and the breech can then be opened, but if the shooter is pulling rearwardly on the action handle at the moment of firing (the usual condition), the end thrust restrains movement of' the action lock and under that condition the lever 50 yields to the lock, but maintains a pressure on it in the direction to unlock it by virtue of its spring 57. Either the tiring recoil or a subsequent forward movement of the action handle by the shooter will serve to disengage the action bar from the lock, and permit the presser 50 by virtue of its spring 57, which has greater tension than spring29, to turn the lock out of the path of the action bar. The presser 50 then holds the lock open while the action bar 25 is moved rearwardly to reload and recock the gun and does not release it until the ham mer ispartially back, see Fig. 6, and the action bar overlies the arm 27, whereupon the said arm bears again on the underside of the action bar ready to snap over'its end when the gun has been loaded and the breech again fully closed (through Fig. 8 to Fig. 2). The slot and pin connection 55 and 56 between the hammer and lower end of presser 50, suitably limits the range of movement vof the presser under the action above described. Through the action of the two springs 29 and 57 `therefore the action bar lock 20 is actuated to its locking position immediately the gun is ready for firing and maintained there until the gun is fired when it is actuated out of this position to allow reloading, and in coaction with the engagement of the bar with the lock above the pivot 2l the unlocking of the bar is kde- .layed sufliciently to permit firing of the cartridge even if the latter somewhat hangs fire. 'Ihe accidental opening of the gun in the midst of firing is therefore prevented. In so far as the hammer serves as the actuator for the bar lock 20, it is apparent that other forms of firing means may be utilized for the same purpose.

The purpose of the trigger lock is .to preventthe pulling of the trigger between the `time the breech-bolt, in reloading, leaves the hammer in cocked position (just prior to Fig. 8) and the time theaction'bar reaches its extreme forward position and comes under the control of the action bar lock (Fig. 2), and also duringsuch time as the action bar lock maybe held inoperative bymeans i i if er deseas; it ams prevents an acciv 4action barflock 2O aenta fai of the `arruinar and ai@ firing ef a cartridge before the breecl'rlbolt yreaches tiring 4position .and l l y v unloadedtafter manual operation of itv` cooper'ates"With't'tiegun` "'rts tHe 'trigger lockmay "assume various ormsanddlspositions "as will appear, but 'for simplicity 'and "compactness, I prefer the construction and assembly shown. /Hook 4'() o'f the plate trigger'lo'ck is adaptedtoswing i'nto'jengaongfement v*with a jlateralpi'ojection at the for# wai-a ena of the trigger 12e a) boia the naar in theVha'inme'r c'ockinj notch, to prevent pa-ning Lof thejtriggerfrigs. a ana e). as

ttnrnsnto its locking position (Fig. 2), lug '31 thereon engages shoulder 451 on the trigger ioick 'andturns the iatter on its pivot 21"tojwithdraw lthe hook from the tri" ger, 'and thus permit the tri'gf. Verto bepnled.

firin'gftlie turning o'f the action oar 'loc'k` to 'unlocked position if) "as prev'onsl'ypointedout, with- 'dfraWs lug J31 'fon 'sliu'ldei 4,1 and permits 'thel'trilgger flock' 45 (Fig) to'turn the'trigger lock ack toward the trigger. 'Spring '45 is disposed between projection 42 on the lock andjfancthersuitable abutment, for example, ithat .action bar lock 2O s'hown. So `long as their'ainmer isfdov'vn'vagainst the breech block-"thetrig'er end yis held fdep'ressed'iby thebase of the.' ammer in which position the -hook l140 4encounters :the

`orv'vlnd 'end of Lthe .trigger "'(Fig. ,y Where it remai'nfsfneiidy :tojliook'over tlietrigger end Whenthe hammer is "again cocked and Athe the een 4e (einer the tensiones springe-4a) hooks' Linder "theftiggfen'thee to remain "lease 'of "the 'action' bar 'lock '20 likewise will n.CliIIIISI l i 1 i .1. Inv a firearm, v the `fcom`bination jwit'h .firing means, an "action`b`ar,-f"an action* fbar lock, and a spring urging theationbar lock toward locking position with a substantially constantly applied pressure, of a spring to move the said lock tounlocking position, said second mentioned spring being mounted to move bodily with the actuation of the firing means and to be tensioned against the action bar lock to kmove the latter against the tension of the first mentioned spring on the release of the firing means.

2. In a'irearm, the combination with firwhile the is being ting means, an action lock, and a spring urgingfthe action'loclrtoward locking position, said sprin being ,y tensioned between said lock and a xed part of the firearm, oi' a I"secondsprir'lgto move they said lock to 1`1nlocking`y position, said second spring being mountedfon a moving part of the firing vsr'neans to move with Vthe latter and to be tensioned against the action look and be put 'mounted on one of said means and engaging with ,the other of saidfmeans'to move said locking means kto unlocking position, said second 'inentionedspring being pnt under increased tension 'and greater .tension than the rst mentioned sprlng as the hammer means descends.

,l 4. Ina rearm, the combination with a trfiggenreleased *firing member, an action bar, an laction 'bar lock, and a spring urging the action bar lock 'towardlocking ,position` f a :presser Vand presser spring between said trigger-released firing member i and said `action banlock 'to move said 'lock against the` i-rst mentioned spring, the .presser spring lbeing put under increased 4tension by theiiring member as the :latter descends.

5. Ina lfirearm, the combination with a sliding action bar, a hammer, an action bar lock, and a spring urging the' action bar lock toward locking position, ofafpressermovably mounted on the hammer anda spring nrg ing said presser in one direction, sai-d presser "being so positioned Vthat, as lthe "hammery descends., Athe ,presser operati'fe'ly Yengages iviththe action bar lock in a direction vto move `'the vpresser and the Vaction bar `lock against their respective springs-` 4 6.7In a `irearm, sliding action `bar,"a hammer, .an action 'bar ioc'l at one side of the' Iiaii'iiner, and a spring urging the action bar lock toward locking position, of a. presser pivoted on the Ahammer in a position to engage Athe action bar lock in opposition Atosaid spring, andaspring on vthe' hammer urgingfthe ,presser toward the action 'bar `lock, sai-d .presser spring .being of greater .tension than `s'aidactionbar lock spring.

.-7. vIn a firearm, thecombination vwith -vtiri jing means', anaction'banand .an action bar "lock, of a member movably mounted on the firing means, and a .spring on said firing means engaging said member whereby said member is flexibly held in a position on the firing means to engage With said action bar lock as the iring means descends, to move the action bar lock to unlocking position.

8. In a irearm, the combination with the receiver, a hammer, trigger mechanism, and

ino

"lil 0 ltrigger mechanism and a another part of which plate is engaged by the first mentioned mea-ns to move the plate to unlocking position. y i

9. In a firearm, the combination with the receiver, a hammer, trigger mechanism therefor, a sliding action bar, and an action bar lock pivoted on a horizontal axis between the hammer and a side wall of the receiver, of a ytrigger mechanism lock and a spring urging said lock toward locking position, said trigger mechanism lock comprising a plate pivoted at the sameside of the hammer as the action bark lock and on a horizontal pivot adjacent the latter and between the hammer and a side wall ot the receiver, a depending part of which plate locks the trigger mechanism and another part ot which plate is engaged by said action bar lock to move the plate against the tension of said spring, the parto-t' the trigger mechanism which engages said depending part of the plate, engaging said plate at one side of the hammer.

l0. In a lirearm, the combinationv of pivoted hammer, trigger'mechanism, an action slide kbar at one side of the lirearm, an action bar lock on the hammer pivot and having a part in the path ot' a hammer `part whereby theaction bar lock is moved from its locking position by the hammer descent, a trigger mechanism lock, and a spring urging said trigger locking mechanism toward locking position, the trigger mechanism lock comprising a plate pivoted on the hammer pivot between the hammer and said action bar lock part, and provided with a depending part to lock the trigger mechanism and with a part engageable by said action bar lock part to move the trigger mechanism lock to unlocking position.

1l. In a repeating lirearm, the combination with its working mechanism including a pivoted hammer and the trigger mechanism, of a lock for the trigger mechanism comprising a plate independent of the other working mechanism oi' the arm and having a triggermechanism-engaging notch, said plate being held by the hammer pivot and lying in substantially a single plane and spring means for moving the lock in one direction, the ylock being automatically moved in the opposite direction by the working mechanism of the gun. v

l2. In a firearm, the combination with a pivoted hammer, trigger mechanism, and an action bar lock on the hamm-erpivot, of a lock for the trigger mechanism comprising a l'lat plate swingingv on the hammer pivot between the hammer and the action bar lock.

I3. In a firearm, the combination with the receiverand a pivoted hammerA and trigger mechanism therein, of a lock for the trigger mechanism comprising a swinging plate independent of the other Working mechanism of the arm and having a rtrigger-mecl1anism engaging notch, said plate being located between the hammer and a side wall oi' thereceiver and lying entirely vat onev side oi the hammer, a spring for the lock moving the lock in one direction and means for automatically moving the lock in the other direction as the gun mechanism is operated.

14. In a firearm, the combination with the working mechanism .including a` pivoted hammer and thetrigger mechanism, of a lock for the trigger mechanism comprising a swinging plate hung on the hammer pivot, a spring for pressing the lock into locking position, and means through which the working mechanism of the gun swings the loclr out oi locking position when they lire arm is ready for tiring, thek trigger mechanism being suliiciently wide to engage said swinging plate at one side of the hammer.

l5. In a firearm, the combination of a pivi oted hammer, trigger mechanism including a trigger and a member operating therewith to engage the hammer near its pivot to hold the hammer in position ready for ltiring, an t action slide bar, an action .bar lock, atrigger mechanism lock comprising a plate pivoted on the hammer pivot and having a notch to receive said hammer-engaging member to loo lock the same in hammer-engaging position, y

and a spring urging said plate toward locking position, said member being sufliciently e wide adjacent the hammer pivot to enter Lsaid notch at the side of the hammer and `said action bar lock acting to withdraw the said plate from locking position by means of a lateral extension reaching from saidy plate to the action bar lock. p

In testimony whereof, I have signed this specilication.

(mantas` A. NnLsoN.

llO

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