US1623704A - Apparatus for and method of creating turbulence - Google Patents

Description

P. L. SCOTT :April 5 1927.

APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF CREATING TURBULENCE Filed Sept. 17, 1921 Patented Apr. 5, 1927.

UNITED STATES I v I 1,623,704 PATENT OFFICEI PHILIP LANE SCOTT, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T SUPER-DIESEL TRACTOR CORPORATION, OF LA PORTE, INDIANA, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

I APPARATUS FOR AND METHOD OF CREATING TURBULENCE.

Application filed September 17,- 1921. Serial No. 501,498.

This invention relates to an apparatus for and method of creating turbulence within the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, and is particularly adapted to a double piston engine.

In order to have satisfactory mixing of the fuel with the air, it is advisable to create within the cylinder a condition of turbulence of the air. .-Such condition will obviously assist in the mixing of the fuel with the air,-

and it is desirable that the turbulent air flow be regular and well defined rather than a mere promiscuous agitation, and it is one of the objects of this invention to produce such regular and well defined turbulence of the air.

Turbulence may be produced at different times in the engine cycle.f In the invention illustrated in the present case, it is produced at the time of scavenging.

This invention is illustrated more or less diagrammatically in the accompanying drawin wherein p igure 1 is a vertical cross section of one form of my engine;

.Fig. 2 is a slmilar view showing in detail a modified form;

Fig. 3 is a cross section taken on line 33' of Fig. 2. .30 Like parts are designated by like characters throughout. I

A is a cylinder fixed to a crank case which is made up of the parts B, B. The cylinder is providedwith the water jacket A. To-

ward its lower end is the scavenging duct A, which only partially surrounds it and which communicates with the interior of the cylinder by means of the scavenging ports A A. Toward the upper .part of the cylin- 40 der is the exhaust duct A, which in this form extends entirel' about the cylinder and communicates with its interior by means of the exhaust orts A A". In the side of the cylinder is coated the injection valve C which maybe of any suitable type, the details of which are not here "shown, as they form no part of the present invention. By means of the fuel line C fuel is carried to the injection valve and from it is injected into the interior of the cylinder where it is burned.

Mounted within the cylinder are the two oppositely reciprocating pistons, D D. Their heads are curved as at D as shown in a line corresponding to the disposition of the scavenging ports.

In the form of my invention here illus- .trated the cylinder walls are slotted toward 'ing rod E, with the middle throw of the crank shaft E.

In the form shown in Figure 2 the piston heads are not curved,- but a turbulent whirlmotion is imparted to the air in' the cyl- 1n i'nder by means of the shape and arrangement of the scavenging ports, which arrange-. ment is shown in detail in Fig. 3. As there shown, the scavenging ports A communicate with the interior of the cylinder at an angle with any diameter of the cylinder,-and thus a whirling motion is set up.

Although I have shown in my drawings an operative form of my invention, still it is obvious that many changes, in form, shape and-arrangement of parts,.might be made without departing materially from the spirit of m invention, and I wish, therefore, that my s owing be taken as, in a sense, diagrammatic.

In order to produce a satisfactory air current, it is advisable that the scavenging ports, in the form shown in Figure 1, be about only a part of the cylinder, that is to say, they should discharge only from one side.

The use and operation of my inventionare as follows:

As illustrated in Figure 1, the turbulence is set up at the time of scavenging. As shown the piston heads are curved and the ports-are arranged on curved lines to correspond to the curve of the piston heads, and on the scavenging end, the ports extend only about a portion of the periphery ofthe cylinder, about the lower side of the piston head, and preferably extend throughout about one-half of. the periphery. the scavenging air rushes in through these scavenging ports, it comes into contact with the lower side of the piston head which, by means of its curved surface deflects the air upward and so starts it in an upwardly w irling movement. This air rising upward from the top of the one piston head strikes 110 the corresponding reversed piston and is deflected from it in such a manner as to continue its turbulence.

In Figure 2, the piston heads are flat and turbulence is secured by the form and posi tion of the scavenging ports, which, as shown, are spiral. This arrangement might be somewhat altered so long as the scavenging airis brought in at an angle to the diameter of the cylinder so as to lnduce rotary mo -ion of the air about the axis of the cylinder. In this form, therefore, the air is given a generally helical whirling turbulence within the cylinder, and this turbulence is set up b means of the shape and arrangement of t e scavengin ports and not by the shape of the piston head I claim:

1. In a double piston internal combustion engine a cylinder and means for setting up within the cylinder ofsuch engine a current of air to cause turbulence of the contents of the cylinder,said means including a pair of oppositely reciprocating, similarly shaped, curved piston heads, said heads free from obstructions and being curved across their entire inner face, one of said pistons, with regard to the form of the head, being rotated through an angle of'180 with relation to the other.

2. In a double piston internal combustion engine a cylinder and means for causing the air within the cylinder to move in a well de fined current, said means including a pair of oppositely reciprocating, similarly shaped, curved iston heads, said heads free from obstructions and being curved across their entire inner face, one of saidpistons being. rotated through an angle tion to the other. 5

3. In an internal combustion engine a cylinder and means for setting u within the cylinder a current of air, inclu in a piston head the entire head of which is s oped and of 180 with rela-j free from obstructions, depressions and projections in combination with inlet ports adapted to discharge adjacent the lower end of said slo ed piston head.

4. In a ouble piston internal combustion en 'ne means for setting up within the cylin er a current of air, including a piston head the entire-head of which is sloped in combination with inlet ports adapted to discharge adjacent the lower end of said sloped piston head.

5. In an internal combustion engine a cylinder and means for setting up within the cylinder a current of air, including a sloped piston head in combination with inlet ports about a portion of the cylinder, adapted to discharge adjacent the lower end of said sloped piston head, said piston heads being free from depressions, obstructions and projections.

6. In a double piston internal combustion engine a cylinder and means for setting u within the cylinder a current of air, inclu ing a sloped piston head in combination with inlet ports about a portion of the cylin- .der adapted to discharge adjacent the lower end of said sloped piston head, said piston heads being free from depressions, obstructions and projections. 7

v7. In a double piston internal combustion engine'a cylinder, means for setting up within said cylinder a current of air, including a sloped pistonhead in combination with inlet ports about a portion of the cylinder, the piston head being free from depressions, ob structions and projections,.said inlet ports positioned on a line conformin to the sectional outline of the piston an adapted to discharge adjacent the lower end of the S10 ed piston head.

igned at Chicago, county of Cook and Stateof Illinois, this 14th day of September PHILIP LANE SCOTT.

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