US1622798A - Hair-waving device - Google Patents

Description

March 29,1921. 1,622,798

V. J. MOUGIN HAIR WAVING DEVICE Filed July 7, 192a INVENTOR.

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Patented Mar. 29, 1927.

VELERIE JULIA. MOUGIN, or SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

HAIR-WAVING DEVICE.

Application filed July 7,1926. Serial No. 120,944.

This invention relates to improvements in devices for producing a permanent wave to the hair of the type in which a mold member is formed with a series of elevations and depressions. This member is formed with a recessed part to receive an electric heating 8l8ITlBIlt-QI'.( 30lll. Means for clamping the hair on theelevations and in the depressions of the. mold member is provided. These clamping means' are spaced from each other a suitable distance. Suitable means are also provided 'forvmaintaining the hair moist duringthe heating process comprising, preferably, a layer of flannel that is saturated with asuitable solution and on which layer of flannel the hair is placed which is also saturated with the solution. Next a second layer of flannel is moistened with the same solution as that used on the hair; next the clamping elements arev brought down. on the elevationsand in the depressions of the hair heating element. In placing a layerot the hair on the elevations and in the de pressions' of the heating element, it is given a zi z-zagposition relative to the length of the device, the effect of which is to impart to the. hair a fixed and" wave-like appearance with elevations and depressions and a zig zag position when considered longituna ly- As a modification, the clamping elements instead of resting on the elevations and depressions of the heating element are of such a length thatthey extend from the depression of one 'part of the heating element to the depression of theunext in a continuous piece, Theihair moisteningflannel pads are employed in this construction. in the same way as in the one just referred to. Instead of using pads-of cloth, it is within the province ofmy invention to employ asbestos paper which is dampened with a suitable solution and placed in the mold both below and above the. layer of hair in the same manner as that already described.

A suitable 1 electric heating element or coil isprovided for heating the member to the desired. temperature. The current is preferably controlled by the usual rheostat.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig l. is a lan View of. the hair heating element ormo d showing the olampingbars, means forzpivotally attaching the same to. the element, also illustrating the zig-zag manner of plaoinga layer of hair, on the elevations and" depressions of the heating member,

some of the clamping bars-being shown-inan inoperative. or open position.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional View on the 1 with the layer of hair omitted forclear:

ness and the electricheatingcoi-l in there-.'

cessed portion.

Fig. 4 1s a detail View elevation of the heating element.

Fig. 5is an enlarged detail sectional view showingthe two layers" of hair moistening pads on the mold and the clamping bars and a strand of the hair between thepads.

Fig. 6 is a detail showing the clamping elements extending from one depression to the next of the heating element.

Referring to the drawings in detail;

1 designates the hair heating mold proper which is composedof any suitable material. as aluminum which will not rust or corrode. It is formed with the elevations 2 and depressions 3. Pivotally attached along one; side of the mold 2 are a series of. clamping bars 4 and 5, the bars 4 being formed to, fit over theielevations 2, and the bars; 5. to fit intothe bottoms of the depressionsB as:

shown'in Figs. 3 and 5... The pivot pins: of

these two bars are indicated at 6 and 7. The

opposite ends of the bars are formed'with a clamp or spring catch construction 8 which will readily snap over tthe opposite, side edge of the mold for retaining them in a clampingpositioni Theinold 1. is formed with an interior recessed portion 9 in which is placed the electrical heating coilr'or element 10. A; closure'or cover plate llis; provided that is securedto the'bottom edges of the member 1 as indicated bythe screws; 13 and 14- designatelayers orstripsot flannel for-retaining a suitable hair Ino1steningv chemical solution as borax and soda}.

Referring to the construction shown in Fig. 6 the hair clamping elements/1' instead of being formed in two pieces are made in one which extends from one depression to the next and eontinuousl as shown 1. over the elevated part 2 01?- tei moldl. This construction has thaefififltof clamping'thje o e of th c ampingelements which rest. upon the ridge or view of a modification Til hair at all points, whereas in the constructions shown in Fig. 3 there is a space on the mold between the clamping members 4 and 5 which is not engaged by the clamping bars.

The device may be described as used as follows: The layer of hair is first moistened with a chemical solution, as borax and soda in suitable proportions. Next a layer of flannel or a pad is moistened wit-h the same solution and placed on the mold 1. Next the desired quantity of hair is placed on the lower layer of moistened flannel 13 and ar ranged in a zig-Zag manner as shown in Fig. 1 by the numeral 15. Next a second layer of flannel which has been moistened with the same chemcial solution is placed on the upper surface of the layer of hair. The clamping bars 4 and 5 are brought down into their clamping positions which is shown in full lines in Figs. 2 and 8. Next the electric current is supplied to the heating element 10. It is understood that a suitable resistance or rheostat may be provided for varying the amount of heat that is desired to be imparted to the mold 1, and to the layer of hair which is being treated.

This process is continued for such length of time as is necessary to impart what is known as a permanent Marcel wave to the hair.

In place of the layers of flannel cloth pads, asbestos paper may be employed and dampened with the same solution. The mold 1 is formed with the openings 16 for receiving a supporting cord 17, whereby it may be suitably supported from a hook 18. In the construction shown in Fig. 6, it is understood that the pads or layers of flannel or asbestos paper are used in the same manner as is shown in Fig. 5.

It is to be understood that the form and size of the parts may be materially varied without departing from the nature and scope of my invention. Also the process may be varied as desired.

I may, i f desired, employ one or more of the clamping bars for treating only a small portion of the hair. This would occur where the hair has been treated, and, after some months the hair has grown to such an extent that the portion near the head does not possess the wavy appearance. This por tion may then be treated by employing a mold member having only one or two bar and clamping members. The edges 2 are, in

practice, reduced to a curve with a small radius. The clamping bars also are formed with a correspondingly shaped curve to fit the edges 2.

An important feature of my improvement is in the stretching of the hair in opposite directions as it passes over the crown or ridge portions 2 of the base member. This stretching result takes place when the clamp ing bars or members 4 a re brought down and attached to the base member. The hair is therefore subjected to a process which operates to effectually produce the permanei'lt Marcel wave. The degree of stretching in opposite directions may be determined by varying the pressure produced by the clamping bars, and, the quantity or thickness of the layer of hair. This pressure may be varied by means of the spring catch construction 8.

\Vhat I claim is:

1. A device for the purpose described coi'nprising a mold member which is formed with a plurality of elevations and depressions, clamping members pivotally attached to the mold member at one edge and releasably secured to the oposite edge of the mold, means for retaining a layer of the hair in place while being treated comprising an upper and lower layer of chemically treated fabric material. for moistening the hair between the layers, the clamping bars l'ieing designed to engage the upper side of the upper layer of moistened fabric material, and means for heating the mold member for imparting heat to the hair being treated.

2. The method of imparting a wave-like appearance of the hair, which consists in first placing in a mold member having elevations and depressions a layer of-fabric which is moistened with a chemical solution, then moistening the hair with the same substance and placing it on the first layer of said fabric, and arranging it in a zig zag manner, then placing a second layer of fabric which is moistened with the same solution on the hair, next clamping or re taining the layers of fabric and hair in position on the mold, then heating the mold member, as described.

3. A mold for the purpose described having formed therein, a recessed bottom portion, the upper portion of which is formed with a plurality of elevations and depressions, a plurality of clamping bars, means for pivotally securing the bars to the mold member on one side edge and arranged and formed to rest directly on the elevations and in the depressions of the mold. means for detachably securing the opposite ends of the clamping bars to the opposite side edges of the mold member, and means for heating the mold member.

4:. A heating element for the purpose described comprising a member which is formed with a plurality of elevations and depressions, clamping devices which extend from one depression continuously to the next depression and over the intermediate elevation, means for securing the clamping devices to the member, and means for heating the mold member.

5. The process or art of imparting a wavy and angular appearance to the hair which consists in first moistenin the hair with a solution of borax and so a, next placing a pad which is moistened with the same solution on a wave-like surface, next placing the moistened hair on the pad and in zig-zag manner, next placing a second pad on the hair, and which has been moistened with the same solution, next clamping the whole together, and then heating the Whole.

6. In a device for waving hair, comprising in combination, a member formed with a plurality of elevations and depressions, the elevated portions being formed on a sharper curve than the curve of the depressions, a plurality of pads on the elevations and olepressions for receiving a layer of hair between the pads, means for clamping the pads and hair to the member comprising a plurality of bars formed with recesses to fit the elevations and curved surfaces to fit the depressions, and means for heating the pads and the layer of hair.

7. The method of imparting a wave-like appearance to the hair which consists in first moistening the hair with a solution which serves to impart a permanent wave when the hair is dried, then placing the hair in a mold member having elevated and depressed portions and arranging it in a zigzag manner in the mold, next clamping the hair on the said portions, then heating the mold until the hair is in a dried condition.

VELERIE JULIA MOUGIN.

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