US1606496A - Roofing - Google Patents
Roofing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1606496A US1606496A US53349A US5334925A US1606496A US 1606496 A US1606496 A US 1606496A US 53349 A US53349 A US 53349A US 5334925 A US5334925 A US 5334925A US 1606496 A US1606496 A US 1606496A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- roofing
- corrugated
- heat
- sheets
- roof
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010425 asbestos Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 as for instance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000017914 EDNRA Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101150062404 EDNRA gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000032912 Local swelling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1668—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the insulating material being masses or granules applied in situ
- E04D13/1675—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure the insulating material being masses or granules applied in situ on saddle-roofs or inclined roof surfaces
Definitions
- An object of this invention is to provide a roofin adapted to miscellaneous manufac-' turing uildings, particularly such as are subjected to the destructive effects of moisture, acid vapors, or other corrosive agents. Locomotive round-houses, bleacheries, chemical works, paper mills, may be mentioned as examples, Another object is to provide a roofing which will produce a minimum of m water-condensation on its inner surfaces,
- a roof whatever he the character of its w covering, requires a framework of some kind, and another object of this invention is to construct a covering which, while possessing the qualities favorable to the attending of the previously mentioned objects, will be inherently stiff and strong, and capable of sustaining itself over large spans and areas between frame-supports, so that the spacing of root frame members may be large, and the number of such members reduced.
- the labor and expense of keeping the frame members protected, as by paints or cements will be -materially reduced.
- the frame members are of structural steel, reduction of their 30 number will also minimize the inevitable condensation and dripping of moisture on and from such frame members,
- the roofing. slab or sheet comprises strata 35 of materials which are all low conductors of heat (except for a reinforcement of metal which may be incorporated in one or more of the strata and thence be itself insulated from exterior sources of either heat or cold) material inherentl stronger than that of the others, and v preierably corru ated or chorded to increase its stiflness and carrying capacity.
- the outer and inner exposed strata of the roofing composed of fire-proof or firereslstant materials. That on the outer suriface need be, for practically all situations, fire-resistant only; a lammated built-up 7 sheetroofing of asbestos paper and asphalt 0 will serve quite competently.
- the inner stratum liable to be exposed to fire within the building, should be so refractory as to be classed with truly fire-proof material.
- this roofing will be constructed on the building, in such manner that from the supporting sheets to the upper surface exposed to the weather, it will, when completed, be unitary and continuous over the Whole area of the roof or roof-Section.
- Fig. l showsa roofing structure in perspective partly in'section;
- Fig; 2 shows, in section, roofing at a joint are lapped, and
- Fig. 3 shows a detail, in section, illustrating a mode of anchorage of. the metal-reinforced layer of roofing.
- The. fundamental, load-supporting, part oi the roofing comprises the corrugated sheet 3, composed of a non-metallic hard, mechanically strong, acid resisting, relatively low-conducting, and fireproof material, such as a dense compressed concrete of asbestos fibres and cement,
- the article commercially known as corrugated transite. is an example ofmaterial of this desired character, which, being produced by compressive formation from a concrete mixture, is structurally homogeneous or monolithic, and tree from laminations, which would be liable to become receptacles for moisture.
- This kind of material may and preferably will be impregnated with a saturant which in itself is resistant to the vapors or gases which will, in -the expected use ofthe building to be roofed, come into contact with the corrugated sheet.
- a saturant which in itself is resistant to the vapors or gases which will, in -the expected use ofthe building to be roofed, come into contact with the corrugated sheet.
- A. hard. relatively heatrefracto asphaltic material, such as gilsonite, Wlll prove ,efi'ective for this purpose.
- the sheet 3 unless made thoroughly resistant to water-penetrate tion, should not comprise any metal reinforcement in its concrete body, for the rea son that corrosion of such reinforcement, in such a concrete body disrupts it by local swelling of the .formed oxide of the metal, produces receptacles for the 10d ent of water, and thus invite further d1sintegration by frost action.
- corrugated sheets 3 are laid upon and secured to the roof-frame, which prise rafters and F stringers of steel, as indicated at 1, Fig. 1, these members being preferably spaced so as to utilize to the utmost practicable degree the load-carrying strength of the corrugated sheets themselves, with a reasonable factor of safety.
- Corrugated sheets of this character may, in view of the weatherprotective character of the strata of materials to be laid upon it in the construction of this improved roofing, be laid on and fastened to the roof-frame without laps, but this is not to be recommended, since lapping the corrugated sheets, both at longitudinal and transverse joints, in the usual manner eliminates seams and gaps in the corrugated foundation which would be inevitable if the attempt were made to lay them in abutted relation.
- the corrugated surfaces of the sheets 3 and the shoulders and edges where they are lapped, produce a base ill'adapted to the reception of ready made weather-proof sheeting or sheet materials of a non-conductive character, such as felt, and therefore a stratum 4 of plastic cellular low conductive material, as for instance, concrete of gypsum, sawdust, and water, 15 molded upon the sheets 3, and smoothed to acontinuousfiat surface.
- a stratum 4 of plastic cellular low conductive material as for instance, concrete of gypsum, sawdust, and water, 15 molded upon the sheets 3, and smoothed to acontinuousfiat surface.
- The, inclusion o sawdust makes the plastic layer light in also cellulartherefore .nonconductive of heat; gypsum itself, as is well known, may be rendered cellular and harden in that condition, and may thus supplement the cellular characterof the included sawdust.
- this plastic stratumv may be supplied in this plastic stratumv as by incor porating in it a wire mesh reinforcement 5.
- This wire mesh for securely anchoring the stratum 4, and any strata superposed on it, in themanner illustrated in Fig. 3, where'a section of sloping roof is shown, with a holding-down bolt 1 which passes through two sections 3 and 3 of the corrugated supporting sheets, and is headed or nut-fastened at the upper surface of the covering lap.
- the wire meshreinfo'rce 5 having been laid in place, tie the bolts (as 1 are twisted into wires of the mesh reinforce'.
- plastic is poured throughthe mesh 5 and smoothed to a plane surface on top, thus embedding the mesh
- reinforcement affords means foundation portion comprising which, when the plastic has set, being tied at, frequent inter- The required properties for this.
- the foundation layer of the roofing consists of individual, assembled corrugated sheets
- the covering layer a may and preferably will be, when hardened in place, substantially monolithic over the entire roof.
- the porous heat insulating stratum 4 having a plane upper surface is Well adapted to serve as the basis onwhich to weather-proof roofing material, such as asphalt impregnated asbestos paper laid in Such weather-proofing may be laid directly on the porous stratum fl, if a practicable thickness of the latter supplies all the heat-insulationthe situation requires. If further heat insulation be desired, this may be provided by laying one or more strata (as 7, 8) of porous, light weight, felted insulating material, such as for instance compressed bagasse-felt, which should be laid in an adhesive waterproof cementing material (9,10) of which asphalt is a good example.
- such felt layers can be further secured to the underlay sheets of strucby a lastic, porous, heat insulating layer molde to the supporting sheet and presenting a plane upper surface, and havin a fire-resistant weather-exposed sheathlng, provides, in and by the covering itself, a roofing which, consistently with being fireresistant, heat-insulating, moisture and vapor-proof or resistant, affords a maximum of self-sustaining roof covering and a corresponding minimum of indispensable roofframework. It furnishes a roofing-specification adapted to serve in a large variety of situations Without moretvariation than may be involved in the addition of more or less heat insulating material, such as bagasse-felt sheeting upon the heat insulating plastic layer comprised in the foundation portion.
- heets-such as 7 and 8 are moreover elastic, and furnish a cushioning protection for the more friable and vulnerable plastic stratum 4.
- Metal fastenings such as 1 (Fig. 3) or 13 (Fig. 2) do not pass through the composite roofing, and thus can not serve as conductors of heat from one side of the roofing to the other, For instance, in very cold weather, a metal through-fastener is liable to conduct heat from the interior rapidly enough to congeal deposited moisture and assemblage of corrugated sheets and substantially plane on its upper surface, and asphalt-laid felted weatherproofing over said heat-insulating layer.
- Composite roofing material comprising assembled foundation sheets of corrugated compressed asbestos-cement concrete,
- a cellular heat-insulating layer comprising gypsum molded to and completely coverin the assemblage of the corrugated sheets an substantially plane on its upper surface, and asphalt-laid felted Weatherproofing over said heat-insulating layer.
- Composite roofing material comprising assembled foundation sheets of corrugated compressed asbestoscement concrete saturated with a Water-resistant impregnant, a cellular heat-insulating layer comprising gypsum molded to and completely covering the assemblage of the corrugated sheets and substantially plane on its upper surface, and asphalt-laid felted Weather-proofing over said insulating layer.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
Description
Nov. '9 1926. 1,606,496
C. J. BECKVVITH ET A ROOFING Filed August 29. 1925 I7 vvevw/tor f/mrzea I 6677/ E0067" ffflmv'w/ Y W one of these strata being of are, moreover,
Patented Nov. 9, 1926.
cmnns a. Bncxwrrn new access.
srenonsro JOHNS-MANVILLE, mcoaroaarrm,
T1017 01 N YORK.
Application filed August An object of this invention is to provide a roofin adapted to miscellaneous manufac-' turing uildings, particularly such as are subjected to the destructive effects of moisture, acid vapors, or other corrosive agents. Locomotive round-houses, bleacheries, chemical works, paper mills, may be mentioned as examples, Another object is to provide a roofing which will produce a minimum of m water-condensation on its inner surfaces,
and thus eliminate as far'as possible dripping iromthe roof upon machinery or goods within the building.
A roof, whatever he the character of its w covering, requires a framework of some kind, and another object of this invention is to construct a covering which, while possessing the qualities favorable to the attaient of the previously mentioned objects, will be inherently stiff and strong, and capable of sustaining itself over large spans and areas between frame-supports, so that the spacing of root frame members may be large, and the number of such members reduced. By this means the labor and expense of keeping the frame members protected, as by paints or cements, will be -materially reduced. When, as in many cases, the frame members are of structural steel, reduction of their 30 number will also minimize the inevitable condensation and dripping of moisture on and from such frame members,
To these ends, the roofing. slab or sheet, accordin to our invention, comprises strata 35 of materials which are all low conductors of heat (except for a reinforcement of metal which may be incorporated in one or more of the strata and thence be itself insulated from exterior sources of either heat or cold) material inherentl stronger than that of the others, and v preierably corru ated or chorded to increase its stiflness and carrying capacity. The outer and inner exposed strata of the roofing composed of fire-proof or firereslstant materials. That on the outer suriface need be, for practically all situations, fire-resistant only; a lammated built-up 7 sheetroofing of asbestos paper and asphalt 0 will serve quite competently. The inner stratum, liable to be exposed to fire within the building, should be so refractory as to be classed with truly fire-proof material.
' -.Except for the undermost supporting or BROOKLYN, NEW roan, Asor NEW YORK, 1r. 1., A someone Ausrm,
' noorme.
29, 1925. Serial No. 53,349.
sheets, which are secured to the. roof-frame in the usual manner, this roofing will be constructed on the building, in such manner that from the supporting sheets to the upper surface exposed to the weather, it will, when completed, be unitary and continuous over the Whole area of the roof or roof-Section.
In the drawings hereto annexed, which illustrate the invention,
Fig. l showsa roofing structure in perspective partly in'section; Fig; 2 shows, in section, roofing at a joint are lapped, and
Fig. 3 shows a detail, in section, illustrating a mode of anchorage of. the metal-reinforced layer of roofing.
The. fundamental, load-supporting, part oi the roofing comprises the corrugated sheet 3, composed of a non-metallic hard, mechanically strong, acid resisting, relatively low-conducting, and fireproof material, such as a dense compressed concrete of asbestos fibres and cement, The article commercially known as corrugated transite. is an example ofmaterial of this desired character, which, being produced by compressive formation from a concrete mixture, is structurally homogeneous or monolithic, and tree from laminations, which would be liable to become receptacles for moisture. This kind of material may and preferably will be impregnated with a saturant which in itself is resistant to the vapors or gases which will, in -the expected use ofthe building to be roofed, come into contact with the corrugated sheet.- A. hard. relatively heatrefracto asphaltic material, such as gilsonite, Wlll prove ,efi'ective for this purpose. It should be noted that the sheet 3 unless made thoroughly resistant to water-penetrate tion, should not comprise any metal reinforcement in its concrete body, for the rea son that corrosion of such reinforcement, in such a concrete body disrupts it by local swelling of the .formed oxide of the metal, produces receptacles for the 10d ent of water, and thusinvites further d1sintegration by frost action.
' It will be found desirable to prepare the corrugated sheets, after the are laid and secured, by coating them hberally with a tacky, cementitious, water-resistant asphalt a portion of the when the supporting sheets Thus the material of the layer 4 while weight and wires 5, secured to which seals the joints and laps, furnishes a protection against seepage of condensed moisture through the joints from the under side of the roofing, and provides an adhesive surface on which to deposit the porous and heat-insulating stratum, presently to be described.
- The corrugated sheets 3 are laid upon and secured to the roof-frame, which prise rafters and F stringers of steel, as indicated at 1, Fig. 1, these members being preferably spaced so as to utilize to the utmost practicable degree the load-carrying strength of the corrugated sheets themselves, with a reasonable factor of safety.
Corrugated sheets of this character may, in view of the weatherprotective character of the strata of materials to be laid upon it in the construction of this improved roofing, be laid on and fastened to the roof-frame without laps, but this is not to be recommended, since lapping the corrugated sheets, both at longitudinal and transverse joints, in the usual manner eliminates seams and gaps in the corrugated foundation which would be inevitable if the attempt were made to lay them in abutted relation.
The corrugated surfaces of the sheets 3 and the shoulders and edges where they are lapped, produce a base ill'adapted to the reception of ready made weather-proof sheeting or sheet materials of a non-conductive character, such as felt, and therefore a stratum 4 of plastic cellular low conductive material, as for instance, concrete of gypsum, sawdust, and water, 15 molded upon the sheets 3, and smoothed to acontinuousfiat surface. The, inclusion o sawdust makes the plastic layer light in also cellulartherefore .nonconductive of heat; gypsum itself, as is well known, may be rendered cellular and harden in that condition, and may thus supplement the cellular characterof the included sawdust. I If desired, some rigidity may be supplied in this plastic stratumv as by incor porating in it a wire mesh reinforcement 5. This wire mesh for securely anchoring the stratum 4, and any strata superposed on it, in themanner illustrated in Fig. 3, where'a section of sloping roof is shown, with a holding-down bolt 1 which passes through two sections 3 and 3 of the corrugated supporting sheets, and is headed or nut-fastened at the upper surface of the covering lap. The wire meshreinfo'rce 5 having been laid in place, tie the bolts (as 1 are twisted into wires of the mesh reinforce'.
plastic, is poured throughthe mesh 5 and smoothed to a plane surface on top, thus embedding the mesh,
may comstructural ing, corrugated sheet 3,
and preferably, a
f hot asphalt.
reinforcement affords means foundation portion comprising which, when the plastic has set, being tied at, frequent inter- The required properties for this.
molded in place its upper surface is made plane and substantially smooth, while its lower surface fills and accommodates itself to all the corrugations of the rigid, strong sheet 3, and to'the irregularities caused by lapping edges.
Thus, although the foundation layer of the roofing consists of individual, assembled corrugated sheets, the covering layer a may and preferably will be, when hardened in place, substantially monolithic over the entire roof.
. These two members, when cementitiously joined, form a roofing which requires only a waterproof covering layer. The supportthough a better heat insulator than corrugated metal, is not so efficient in this respect as the superposed layer of plastic, porous material; but, by
reason of its rigidity, strength, and structurally stiff configuration, it supplies the capacity to span large distances from one roof-frame member (such as the structural steel purlin 1) to the next. It is, moreover, quite retentive of condensed moisture, so that it "will hold without dripping, much more condensation than metal or even wood material.
The porous heat insulating stratum 4, having a plane upper surface, is Well adapted to serve as the basis onwhich to weather-proof roofing material, such as asphalt impregnated asbestos paper laid in Such weather-proofing may be laid directly on the porous stratum fl, if a practicable thickness of the latter supplies all the heat-insulationthe situation requires. If further heat insulation be desired, this may be provided by laying one or more strata (as 7, 8) of porous, light weight, felted insulating material, such as for instance compressed bagasse-felt, which should be laid in an adhesive waterproof cementing material (9,10) of which asphalt is a good example. If desired, such felt layers can be further secured to the underlay sheets of strucby a lastic, porous, heat insulating layer molde to the supporting sheet and presenting a plane upper surface, and havin a fire-resistant weather-exposed sheathlng, provides, in and by the covering itself, a roofing which, consistently with being fireresistant, heat-insulating, moisture and vapor-proof or resistant, affords a maximum of self-sustaining roof covering and a corresponding minimum of indispensable roofframework. It furnishes a roofing-specification adapted to serve in a large variety of situations Without moretvariation than may be involved in the addition of more or less heat insulating material, such as bagasse-felt sheeting upon the heat insulating plastic layer comprised in the foundation portion. The employment of such light .weight heat insulating layers, as at 7 and 8,
which are-in themselves not classifiable as fire-proof or fire-resistant materials, does not detract from the fire-resistant quality of the composite roof-covering as a whole, since they are included between and protected by the fire-resistant or fire-proof foundation ortion and weather-proofing portion.
heets-such as 7 and 8 are moreover elastic, and furnish a cushioning protection for the more friable and vulnerable plastic stratum 4.
Metal fastenings such as 1 (Fig. 3) or 13 (Fig. 2) do not pass through the composite roofing, and thus can not serve as conductors of heat from one side of the roofing to the other, For instance, in very cold weather, a metal through-fastener is liable to conduct heat from the interior rapidly enough to congeal deposited moisture and assemblage of corrugated sheets and substantially plane on its upper surface, and asphalt-laid felted weatherproofing over said heat-insulating layer.
2. Composite roofing material, comprising assembled foundation sheets of corrugated compressed asbestos-cement concrete,
a cellular heat-insulating layer comprising gypsum molded to and completely coverin the assemblage of the corrugated sheets an substantially plane on its upper surface, and asphalt-laid felted Weatherproofing over said heat-insulating layer.
- 3. Composite roofing material comprising assembled foundation sheets of corrugated compressed asbestoscement concrete saturated with a Water-resistant impregnant, a cellular heat-insulating layer comprising gypsum molded to and completely covering the assemblage of the corrugated sheets and substantially plane on its upper surface, and asphalt-laid felted Weather-proofing over said insulating layer.
Signed by us at New York this 24th day of August 1925.
CHARLES J. BEOITH. ROGER K. AUSTIN.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US53349A US1606496A (en) | 1925-08-29 | 1925-08-29 | Roofing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US53349A US1606496A (en) | 1925-08-29 | 1925-08-29 | Roofing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1606496A true US1606496A (en) | 1926-11-09 |
Family
ID=21983588
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US53349A Expired - Lifetime US1606496A (en) | 1925-08-29 | 1925-08-29 | Roofing |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1606496A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2639010A (en) * | 1949-06-30 | 1953-05-19 | Laclede Steel Company | Anchored corrugated decking |
US3282008A (en) * | 1963-02-14 | 1966-11-01 | Dow Chemical Co | Roof structure |
US3345246A (en) * | 1964-07-13 | 1967-10-03 | Dow Chemical Co | Leveling base sheet for reroofing |
DE3926122A1 (en) * | 1989-07-29 | 1991-02-07 | Lorenz Kesting | Insulating corrugated sloping roofs - by placing reinforcing channel sections in roof troughs without touching them and casting lightweight concrete mix to cover area |
-
1925
- 1925-08-29 US US53349A patent/US1606496A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2639010A (en) * | 1949-06-30 | 1953-05-19 | Laclede Steel Company | Anchored corrugated decking |
US3282008A (en) * | 1963-02-14 | 1966-11-01 | Dow Chemical Co | Roof structure |
US3345246A (en) * | 1964-07-13 | 1967-10-03 | Dow Chemical Co | Leveling base sheet for reroofing |
DE3926122A1 (en) * | 1989-07-29 | 1991-02-07 | Lorenz Kesting | Insulating corrugated sloping roofs - by placing reinforcing channel sections in roof troughs without touching them and casting lightweight concrete mix to cover area |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US4114335A (en) | Sheet metal structural shape and use in building structures | |
US4507901A (en) | Sheet metal structural shape and use in building structures | |
US3411256A (en) | Roof construction and method thereof | |
US4090336A (en) | Insulated roofing structure | |
US4120131A (en) | Building structure | |
US4274239A (en) | Building structure | |
US3389518A (en) | Resilient cellular wall covering and applying it | |
US3965633A (en) | Insulated roofing structure and method | |
US3509010A (en) | Building component and method of forming same | |
US2021929A (en) | Flashed building structure | |
GB971202A (en) | Improvements in or relating to roof insulation | |
US1897327A (en) | Roof structure | |
US4572857A (en) | Insulating board of composite material | |
US3962841A (en) | Insulated decking structure and method | |
NO151939B (en) | INSULATING ROOFING | |
CA1051682A (en) | Building deck construction | |
US1765796A (en) | Sealed laminated roofing element | |
US4150175A (en) | Building panel and method of construction thereof | |
US3511007A (en) | Structural systems employing foaming-in-place | |
US1606496A (en) | Roofing | |
US4267678A (en) | Insulated roof structure | |
CN212104839U (en) | Light tile roof structure of swift construction | |
US1670557A (en) | Reenforced building element | |
US1609938A (en) | Waterproofing system and method of producing the same | |
USRE31007E (en) | Roof construction and method thereof |