US1602794A - Reamer - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 12 19.26. 1,602,794

S. A. ERWIN ET AL REAMER Filed Nov. 16, 1923 forms of cutter units Patented Oct. 12, 1926.

UNITED sures PATENT oFncn mania.

Application filet! November 18, 1938. Serin] Illo. 875,096.

Our invention relates to rotary reamers used in well drilling,

ing a mandrel up)on which a plurality cf cutters are remova facility and dispatch the substitution of new cutters when they become Worn or broken, and the employment cf cutters of difierent size when it is desired t0 vary the size of the reamer as a whole.

It is also a purpose of our invention to provide a reamer of the above descnbed character in which the cutters are of annuler form and provided with eripheral bladea which may be of uniform ength to ronde 8. reamer which is concentric or strai t with respect to the supporting mandre, or of graduated lengths to form a reamer WhlCh 1s ezcentric or Offset with respect to the mandre A further purpose of our invention is the provision of a reamer having means for securely locking the several cutter umts against movement on the mandrel; means for attaching the standard overshot to the 'reamer in the case of a. twist off at the drill collar; and cutter units which can be replaced at the rig and without the necess1ty of the employment of special tools.

Although we have herein shown and W111 describe only one form of reamer and two all embodying our invention, it is to be understood that venons changes and modifications may be made herein without departing from the spirit of the invention and the spirit and scope 01! the ap ended claims.

In 1: e accompanying drawin'gs,

Fig. 1 is a view showing in side elevation and partly in section one form of reamer embodying our invention.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged detailed perspective view of one of the cutter units embodied in the reamer shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fi another form of cutter unit em odying our inventmn.

Referring specifically to the drawings in which similar reference characters refer to similar parts, our invention, m 1ts present embod1ment, comprises a tubular mandrel and a purpose of our, invention is the provision of a reamer havd ly secured te permit with' 2 showing 15 provided at its upper end with a threaded extension 16 which serves to connect a manrel section thereto, the latter being pro- V1ded Wlth an annular shoulder 18 and a threaded and tapered connection 19. The extens1on 19 serves to connect the reamer au a unit to a drill tubing so that the reamer can be rotated in the usual manner, while the collar 18 forme au abutment against Whlh an overshot is adapted to bear in effectmg the removal of the reamer from a. hole. The lower end of the mandrel 15 is provided with a tapered and threaded extension 20 which is adapted to engage withn tl2i socket end of a section of drill tub- 1n ounted upon the mandrel 15 are a pluraht of cutter units, each unit, as shown m 2, compns1ng an annular bod 22 provx ed at mtervals upon its perip1ery vnth cutter blades 23 having cuttmg edges 23. These cutter units are supported in super1mposed relation upon the mandrel 15 by spacm rings 24 which snugly but removably t upon the mandrel so as to perm lt the removal thereof as well as the cutter units. The several cutter units and rings are immovablvsecured upon the mandrel by means of c amping collars 25 and 26, the former threadedly engaging the mandrel directly below the extension 16 so as to permit longitudinal adjustment thereof upon the mandrel in clamping the several rings andthe cutter units into tight engagement With each other and against the lower collar 26. The collar 26 abuts a ainst the mandrel and toothedly engages wit1 the adjacent end of drill tubing section 21, as shown at 27, thus retaining the entire cutter assembly from slipping off the mandrel, and, when collar 25 is screwed clown snugly, it also holds the cutter assembly against rotation With respect to the mandrel. A look nut 29 is provided to secure the collar 25 against coming loose during the operation of the reamer.

In Fi in Whic 2 we have shown the cutter units the axis of the opening of the annulus 22 intersects the plane of the annulus et an angle other than at ,right angle which angle, in the present instance, is of substantially 60. As the blades 23 extend radially from the periphery of the annulus 22, it will be clear that the blades are hkewise disposed in a plane correspond1n& to that of the annulus. However, the cuttu 1g edges 23 of the blades are disposed m planes panallel to the axis of the ocpenmfipf the annulus, as clearl illustrate m 1g 1 so that the ombined efiect is to Produce a spiral cutting -edge when the cutter umt 15 in a plied position upon the mandrel 15.

As c early shown in Fi. 1, the cutters present side cutting edges aving bladcs or teeth, which cuttin edges are inclined to the axis of the man rel and are semi-helical in appearance: Because of the arrangement of the cutters and because of the fact that the upper end of one cutter is above the lower end of the next above cutter, it will be readily understood that 1pon rotation of the mandrel each cutter Wi make a eut which is materially greater in width than the thickness of the cutter.

In Fig. 2 We have shown a cutter unit in which the blades 23 are of graduated lengths so that whcn in applied position upon the mandrel, as shown in Fi l, they produce a cutter, the axis of whic ,is eccentric with respect to the axis of the m'andrel. In a cutter of this characr an offset out can be produced, as Will be understood.

In Fi 3 We have shown a cutter unit in which t e blades 23 are of uniform length so that when a plurality of such units are in applied position upon the mandrel 15 they produce the efi'ect of a cutter or reamer, the axis of which is concentric to the axis .of the mandrel. VVith such a reamer a straight or concentric cutcan be efiected.

In practice, the eccentric cutter nuits mounted upon the rhandrel 15 can be removed by first renioving the lower clanlping coliar 26 so as to permit the substitution of new cutter units, should they become worn or broken, or the application of the concentric cutter units to the mandrel, or cutter :units either concentric or eccentric of a greater or less diame'ter than the other cutter units. It Will thus be seen that by the employmcnt of a reamer of this character concentric or ecccntric drilling can be effected to form holes of gredetermined diameters depending upon t e diameter of the cutter units employed.

By virtue of the simple manner in which the reamer may be assembled or disassembled, and the fact that the joints between -the reamer and drill tubing are of standard lengths, no special tools are necessary other than the conventional tongs employed for disconnecting the joints of the drill tubing.

What we claim'is:

1. A well reamer comprising a mandrel, and a plurality of cutters mounted upon said mandrel through which the mandrel extends, said cutters having fiat top and hottom surfaces which are inclined to the axis of the mandrel and being provided with peripheral teeth.

2. A well reamer com rising a hollow mandrel permittin circu ration fluid to be forced therethroug and a plurality of disc like cutters mounted upon the mandrel through which the mandrel extends, the planes of the dises being inclined other than at a right angle to the axis of the mandrel.

3. A well reamer comprising a hollow mandrel permitting circulation fluid to be forced therethrough, a plurality of disc-like cutters mounted u on said mandrel throu h Which the mandre extends, the planes of t e dises being inclined to the axis of the mandrel, and spacing rings interposed between said cutters.

4. A well reamer com rising a hollow mandrel permittin circu ation fluid to be forced therethroug a plurality cf disc-likg cutters mounted upon said mandrel through which'the mandrel extends, the planes of the dises being inclined to the axis of the mandrel, spacmg rings interposed between said cutters, and means bearing against the top and bottom cutters for preventing their rotation upon the mandrel.

5. A well reamer comprising a hollow mandrcl permitting circulation fluid to be forced therethrough, and a plurality of disclike cutters mounted upon said mandrel through which the mandrel extends, the planes of the dises being inclined to the axis of the mandrel other than at a right angle, sai.}}cutters being provided with peripheral tee 6. A well reamer comprisirig a hollow mandrel permitting circulation fluid to be forced therethrough, and a plurality of disclike cutters mounted upon said mandrel through 'WhlCh the mandrel extends, the planes of the dises being inclined to the axis of the mandrel other than at a right angle, said cutters being provided with peripheral teeth of unequal langth.

7. A well reamer comprising a hollow mandrel permitting circulation fluid to be forced therethrough, a plurality of disc-like cutters mounted upon said mandrel throu h which the mandrel extends, the planes of t e dises being inclined to the axis of the mandrel other than at a right angle, said cutters being provided with peripheral teeth, and spac1ng rings separating said cutters.

8. A well reamer comprising a mandrel, and disc-like cutters having peripheral teeth mounted il on said mandrel, said mandrel' at a right angle to the lune 01? the body, teeth fom1ed upon the peripheral surface of and teeth f0rmed upon t e peripheral surthe body, said teeth bing of unequal leflgth. face of the body.

10. A cutter for well reamers comprising names to this specification. a disc-like body, a bore through said body, v

the axis of which is at an angle other thah at SHANNON A. ERWIN. a right angle to the plane of the body, and ELWIN W. F ORROW.

In testimony whereof we have signed our 10

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