US1600226A - Duplicating stencil - Google Patents
Duplicating stencil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1600226A US1600226A US76337A US7633725A US1600226A US 1600226 A US1600226 A US 1600226A US 76337 A US76337 A US 76337A US 7633725 A US7633725 A US 7633725A US 1600226 A US1600226 A US 1600226A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- protein
- stencil
- paper
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 35
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 33
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 33
- 239000011253 protective coating Substances 0.000 description 9
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000002197 Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004777 protein coat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N1/00—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor
- B41N1/24—Stencils; Stencil materials; Carriers therefor
- B41N1/242—Backing sheets; Top sheets; Intercalated sheets, e.g. cushion sheets; Release layers or coatings; Means to obtain a contrasting image, e.g. with a carbon sheet or coating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
- Y10T428/31768—Natural source-type polyamide [e.g., casein, gelatin, etc.]
- Y10T428/31772—Next to cellulosic
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31725—Of polyamide
- Y10T428/31768—Natural source-type polyamide [e.g., casein, gelatin, etc.]
- Y10T428/31772—Next to cellulosic
- Y10T428/31775—Paper
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in and in the production of stencil sheets such as used in the duplication or manifolding of typewritten matter or designs or handwritten matter marked on the stencil sheet by means of a suitable scribel tool.
- the object of this invention is to produce a stencil sheet which can be used withoutany preparatory treatment, can be stored for some time before use and without danger to the coating and in addition will enable theproduct-ion of large numbers of duplicates with a clear well defined outline.
- stencils are known in which glycerine has been added to the protein to give the desired softening effect.
- the softening agent is soluble in water and before the stencil can be used it has to be moistened to enable the protein coat to be readily removed by the impact of the type.
- the stencil sheet must therefore be inserted in the typewriter in a moist state, an exceedingly diflicult and delicate operation.
- the mosit sheet causes the typewriter parts to rust and the impressions obtained are lacking in uniformity over the entire page, owing to the fact that the stencil sheet dries off during the preparation of the stencil and the case with which the coating is removed varies with the degree of moistness of the sheet. For the reasons stated such protein coated stencils have not hitherto been favoured by users.
- the-centre part is re successful more especially as some duplicat ing inks tend to make the protein coating sticky during the process of pulling off the copies and the result is that after the first few copies, the pulls obtained are apt to be smudged and unusable.
- an additional thin elastic coatmgto the protein coated sheet immediately after the protein coating has been applied to the sheet of paper is to protect the protein coating from the action of the air and pre serve it in a state ready for use.
- the additional coating may be applied to both sides of the paper sheet, asfor instance by dips ping the protein coated sheet in a bath of the a protective coating material in liquid form.
- the protein coating is very readily removed and an excellently clear outline is obtained.
- Suitable agents such as hardening agents, may be quent stickiness of the stencil face avoided.
- The. stencil sheets prepared in accordance with this invention can be used in the typewriter or be prepared by means of a suitable hand tool without any previous preparation or treatment. They produce very clear copies in large numbers and also permit large sized sheets to be used. Furthermore, they can be kept in stock for long periods without deterioration.
- the most suitable coating which it is preferred to employ is a collodion solution.
- the stencil sheet immediately after it has been coated with protein in the usual manner is coated with a suitably thinned solution of collodion in ether or alcohol or a mixture of these, It will be understood that other materials having similar properties may be employed in place of collodion, these properties being to form a thin elastic skin which resists the atmosphere.
- a coagulating agent it is necessary to choose one which.
- a duplicating stencil paper having a fine permeable paper body, a coating of protein on said body and a protective coating of an elastic substance impervious to atmospheric action and having the quality to preventhardcning of the protein coating.
- a duplicate stencil sheet having a fine paper body, a coating of protein on said body, an elastic coating over said protein -coating, said elastic coating being impervious to the atmosphere and having the quality to prevent hardening of the protein coaeting, and an agent for coagulating the protein embodied in said elastic coating.
- a duplicating stencil paper having a fine permeable paper body, a coating of protein on said body and a protective'coating of collodion which adheres to said protein coating.
- a duplicating stencil paper having a fine paper body permeable to ink, a coating of protein on said body, and a protective coating over said protein coating and composed of collodion and a coagulating agent composed of tannin embodied in said collodion coatin I 5.
- a duplicating stencil paper having a permeable fine paper body, a coating of protein on said body and a protective coating having a colouring material and a coagulating agent embodied therein, said protective coating being superposed directly on the protein coating and being impervious to the atmosphere and elastic 6.
- the method of making stencil paper which consists in, applying a coat of protein to a thin permeable paper web, passing said web imn iediately to a bath of a protective coating in thinliquid form to coat both surfaces of said web and cutting stencil sheets from said Web.
Landscapes
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
Description
Cil
Patented Sept. 21, 1926.
UNITED STATES.
HEINRICH HARTMANN, CF HANOVER, GERMANY.
DUPLICATING STENCIL.
No Drawing. Application filed December 18, 19525,
This invention relates to improvements in and in the production of stencil sheets such as used in the duplication or manifolding of typewritten matter or designs or handwritten matter marked on the stencil sheet by means of a suitable scribel tool. The object of this invention is to produce a stencil sheet which can be used withoutany preparatory treatment, can be stored for some time before use and without danger to the coating and in addition will enable theproduct-ion of large numbers of duplicates with a clear well defined outline.
In addition to the well known waxed paper stencils, it has been known for some years to use a thin and fine Japanese paper coated with a layer of a protein. As known, the preparation of the stencil consists in removing the coating locally, as for instance, by the blow of the type in a typewriter or by a suitable scriber tool, and in the places where the coating has been removed, the ink can penetrate the fine paper sheet. This demands a degree of plasticity in the coating, which, in the case of a protein coating was attained by means of suitable softening agents added to the protein.
Thus stencils are known in which glycerine has been added to the protein to give the desired softening effect. The softening agent is soluble in water and before the stencil can be used it has to be moistened to enable the protein coat to be readily removed by the impact of the type. The stencil sheet must therefore be inserted in the typewriter in a moist state, an exceedingly diflicult and delicate operation. Further, the mosit sheet causes the typewriter parts to rust and the impressions obtained are lacking in uniformity over the entire page, owing to the fact that the stencil sheet dries off during the preparation of the stencil and the case with which the coating is removed varies with the degree of moistness of the sheet. For the reasons stated such protein coated stencils have not hitherto been favoured by users.
It has also been proposed to avoid the necessity of moistening the sheets by adding a softener to the protein before coatinga usual softener used for this purpose has been soap or the like. When exposed to the air however, such agents become ineffective and the protein coating cannot be readily removed by the type after such sheets have been kept in storage for some days. \Vhen Serial No. 76,337, and in Germany March 16, 1925.
such sheets have been kept for a time the coating adheres so firmly to the paper sheet that when closed letters, such 0, O, c, d, b
and the like are struck, the-centre part is re successful more especially as some duplicat ing inks tend to make the protein coating sticky during the process of pulling off the copies and the result is that after the first few copies, the pulls obtained are apt to be smudged and unusable.
According to the present invention these difficulties, hitherto associated with protein covered or coated stencil sheets are avoided by applying an additional thin elastic coatmgto the protein coated sheet immediately after the protein coating has been applied to the sheet of paper. The purpose of this additional coating is to protect the protein coating from the action of the air and pre serve it in a state ready for use. The additional coating may be applied to both sides of the paper sheet, asfor instance by dips ping the protein coated sheet in a bath of the a protective coating material in liquid form.
By means of this invention the protein coating is very readily removed and an excellently clear outline is obtained. Suitable agents, such as hardening agents, may be quent stickiness of the stencil face avoided.
The. stencil sheets prepared in accordance with this invention can be used in the typewriter or be prepared by means of a suitable hand tool without any previous preparation or treatment. They produce very clear copies in large numbers and also permit large sized sheets to be used. Furthermore, they can be kept in stock for long periods without deterioration.
The most suitable coating which it is preferred to employ is a collodion solution.
In carrying the invention into effect, the stencil sheet immediately after it has been coated with protein in the usual manner is coated with a suitably thinned solution of collodion in ether or alcohol or a mixture of these, It will be understood that other materials having similar properties may be employed in place of collodion, these properties being to form a thin elastic skin which resists the atmosphere. When it is desired to add to the protective coating reagents modifying the protein t. i. a coagulating agent, it. is necessary to choose one which.
is soluble in an ether-alcohol mixture, the usual solvent for collodion. Suitable coagulating agents which satisfythis requirement are tannin or formaldehyde dissolved in alcohol or the solution of formaldehyde in methyl-alcohol generally known in the market by the name of Holzin. When the protective coating is formed of a substance other than collouion, the coagulating agent or agents chosen will be dctcrminedby the solvent used for the said coating. The coating may be applied in any well known manner, as by passing a web of the protein paper straight from its coating bath to abath of the'collodion or other-protective coating in thin liquid form or the coating may be applied by transfer rollers between which the web of stencil sheeting is passed.
1. A duplicating stencil paper having a fine permeable paper body, a coating of protein on said body and a protective coating of an elastic substance impervious to atmospheric action and having the quality to preventhardcning of the protein coating.
2. A duplicate stencil sheet having a fine paper body, a coating of protein on said body, an elastic coating over said protein -coating, said elastic coating being impervious to the atmosphere and having the quality to prevent hardening of the protein coaeting, and an agent for coagulating the protein embodied in said elastic coating.
3. A duplicating stencil paper having a fine permeable paper body, a coating of protein on said body and a protective'coating of collodion which adheres to said protein coating.
4. A duplicating stencil paper having a fine paper body permeable to ink, a coating of protein on said body, and a protective coating over said protein coating and composed of collodion and a coagulating agent composed of tannin embodied in said collodion coatin I 5. A duplicating stencil paper having a permeable fine paper body, a coating of protein on said body and a protective coating having a colouring material and a coagulating agent embodied therein, said protective coating being superposed directly on the protein coating and being impervious to the atmosphere and elastic 6. The method of making stencil paper which consists in, applying a coat of protein to a thin permeable paper web, passing said web imn iediately to a bath of a protective coating in thinliquid form to coat both surfaces of said web and cutting stencil sheets from said Web.
7. The method of making stencil paper which consists of passing a thin permeable paper Web to a protein bath tocoat both surfaces of said Web therewith and immediately thereafter coating the said protein layerwith a protective covering of a thin solution of collodion having the properties of protecting the protein coating against hardening and atmospheric conditions.
In testimony whereof I affix my signature.
HEINRICH HARTMANN.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEG0063738 | 1925-03-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1600226A true US1600226A (en) | 1926-09-21 |
Family
ID=7133309
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US76337A Expired - Lifetime US1600226A (en) | 1925-03-16 | 1925-12-18 | Duplicating stencil |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1600226A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4180621A (en) * | 1972-12-04 | 1979-12-25 | Gestetner Limited | Pressure-sensitive duplicating stencil |
-
1925
- 1925-12-18 US US76337A patent/US1600226A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4180621A (en) * | 1972-12-04 | 1979-12-25 | Gestetner Limited | Pressure-sensitive duplicating stencil |
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