US1597269A - Cup-pastry-making machine and method and means for extracting the contents thereof - Google Patents

Description

. Aug. 24 1926.

v 1,597,269 DIETERICH E AND METHOD AND' MEANS FOR EKTRACTING 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 A. E. CUP PASTRY MAKING MACHIN THE CONTENTS THEREOF Filed March 16 1926 Aug. 24 4926. 1,597,269 I ND METHOD AND MEANS FOR EXTRACTING THE CONTENTS THEREOF Flled March 16 1926 DIETERICH 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. E. CUP PASTRY MAKING MACHINE A Patented Aug. 24, 1926.

UNITED STATES 1,597,269 PATENT oEFicE.

ALBERT E. DIETERICH, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, ASSIG'NOR TO FLORENCE A. DIE'I'ER-IGH, 0F VZ ASHIIIGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

JOUIP-PASTRY-MAKING MACHINE AND METHOD AND MEANS FOR EXTRACTING THE CONTENTS THEREOF,

Application filed March 16, 1926. Serial No. 95,100.

My invention relates to the art of cup pastry molding and baking (such as ice cream cones, pattie cups and the like), and it particularly relates to machines of the type employing split female molds and cores.

Primarily the invention has for its object toprovide a new method of extracting the baked article from the female mold without using the core as an extraction finger, and also to provide an improved mold operating mechanism by which the method referred to, mechanically maybe conducted (although it should be understood the method can be carried out manually if desired, and as to the method I do not wish tobe limited to the use of any specific or particular apparatus).

Generically the invention resides, primarily, in separating the female mold sections in a peculiar manner (after removal of the cores) while holding the article in a substantially fined position without the necessity of using cores, dummy cores, cupped plates, extractor bars, or any other extractor device which is toengage, mechanically, any portion of the side of the article or the edge of the article around the mouth to exert lateral force or restraint on the article (i. e. in a direction normal or approximately normal to its axis) in other words, my present invention resides in moving the mold tions apart by a simultaneous separating and downward motion, while holding the article from lowering or rising, by suitable restraining means acting in the direction of the axis of the article, thereby permitting a detachment of the female mold surfaces from the article while leaving the article free to move bodily laterally (so far as such restraining means 'lllily be concerned) but not to rise or fall in substantial degree until adhesion between article and female mold shall have been broken, after which the female mold sections are further separated to per nit the article to drop through.

In its generic mechanical phase the invention resides in providing a suitable mechanism for effecting the restraint and the mold movements in such manner and sequence as to carry out the method which con stitutes the principal part of my invention.

More 7 specifically, in carrying out my method mechanically, I prefer to provide the female mold sections with a supporting means to permit the same to be initially separated by a hinge-like movement or bookfashion, as it may be termed, with the axis at the' bottom, while means are provided to constitute an abutment at the mouth of the article against which the article will come into contact if it tendsto elevate while the female mold sections are undergoing their initial .separatory movement to elfect a stripping of the article from the female mold walls"; means are also provided to bring the restraining instrument into operative association with the female mold at proper times; means are also provided to separate the female mold sections in the mannerstated to release the article and permit it to pass through.

In its more detailed nature my invention includes those novel features of construction, operation and arrangement of parts, all of which vg ill be first fully described, then be specifically pointed out in the appended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan view of a portion of a rotary wheel type machine employing my lnvention.

Figure 2 is a cross section of a mold unit at the station preceding the extracting sta tion and showingthe core in process of removal.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 'taken at the extracting statiomthe restrainingplate having been lowered into association with the female mold sections and the female mold sections having undergone their preliminary or cracking movement.

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figures 2 and 3 showing the mold sections fully separated at the extracting station, showing the article dropped in dotted lines, and showing the article just prior to its release from contact with the restraining plate.

Figure 5 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 55 of Figure 2 showing the position of parts, however, just prior to giving the female mold its preliminary opening movement or cracking.

Figures 6 and 7 are detail views of the lower and upper guideway's.

In the drawings, I have illustrated one embodiment of my invention in a machine of the. outer rim 1 of the wheel.

the rotatable table type, though it may readily be adapted to machines with other types of iers.

Like numerals and letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures of the which is mounted in a slideway 6 on the inner or back facev of the rim 1 cooperate with each female mold unit. Each standard 4 carries a roller 4 with which the core bar raising and lowering cam track 5 cooperates to effect the removal and replacement of the cores at proper intervals.

7 Each rim 1 has upper and lower slideways 7 and respectively, one pair adjacent each .end of each mold half. The upper slideways 7 have ar'cuate portions 8 struck with their centers or axes at 30 and they have straight or horizontal portions 9; the lower slideways 10 have arcuate portion-s 11 struck from the samecenters or axes 30 and they have inclined portions 13 and straight or horizontal portions 12 as best indicated in Figures 6 and 7.

. Each mold half has an tipper guide and supporting roller 16 and a lower guide and supporting roller 17 at each end, these rollers operating respectively in the slideways 7 and 10.

Mold fulcrum lugs 14 having central peaks 15 are provided on each rim 1 and serve as rests for the mold sections in lieu of the lower rollers 17 when the mold sec tions are locked together.

18 designates mold opening and closing rock-shafts which carry the. cams 19. The

latter are adapted to engage the mold ribs 2 in pushing the sections together and looking the same as a toggle, pins 20 being carried by the cams 19 to work in slots 21 on the molds to effect the cracking or initial separation and the final separation of the lie male mold sections. The shafts 18 are rocked by levers 2-2 connected together by toggle links 23 which also are pivotedtogether to a slide 24 mounted in a guide 25 on The slide 24 carries a roller 26 by which it may be moved up and down at proper times.

A lever 27 may be provided, operated by a suitably timed cam through a connecting rod 28 to br ak the toggle and operate the mold sections; a stationary cam track 29 may be employed under which the roller 26 passes upon leaving the extracting station to force it down a ain and close and lock the female sections together. As the mechanism for operating the toggle links 15 of a well known type and per seis not a part of my inven tion, further illustration thereof 18 thought to be unnecessary.

The extreme lower edges of the female mold sections which meet at the medial vertical longitudinal plane of the unit constitute a fulcrum or axis 30, and which, when and down in a fixed slideway 35 that is located on a stationary frame 34 is, what 1 term, a restraining plate. This plate is normally held elevated above the top level of the die cavity by riding on the raised portions or holding up cams 36 of the rims 1 but which may dropdown close to the mouth of the cavities when the cavities come be-' neath the plate. While the weight of the plate may be found sufficient for the purpose, nevertheless if desired, plate lowering means 37 may be carried by the rims 1 toassist this lowering movement at the proper time.

If desired the plate 32 may have an'air duct 38 with ports 39 to align with each mold section of a unit, this duct being connected with a source of suction through a control valve 40 normally closed, but whose stem 41 is adapted to be pressed to the open position by the downward movement of the plate 32 so as to create a reduced air pressure beneath the restraining plate which will tend to suck or hold the articles, when released, to the plate.

I may also connect the duct 38 with a source of pressure through a control valve 42 whose stem 43 is designed to be pressed to the open position on the upstroke of the plate 32 to allow air under at least atmospheric pressure, to communicate with the interior of the baked articles beneath the restraining plate at the proper time to brea the vacuum and permit those articlesto fall out or be impelled downwardly through between the open female molds. The connection between the duct 38 and the valves 40 and 42 may be made by flexible hose 44. Othermeans may be provided for operating the valves 40 and 42 at proper intervals than the means just described and I do not wish to be 'limited specifically to that means.

In this application I have disclosed no mechanism for effecting rotation of the wheel, no means for charging the molds, no means for locking the cores down, no trimming mechanism, etc., as any suitable mecha nism of the kind now common in the art may be used for the purposesstated, since my inventlon deals principally, if not wholly, with the extraction procedure of a pastry making machine of the kind stated and I therefore do not deem it necessary to show and describe such well known mechanism.

In practicing the method which constitutes the basis of my invention, after removal of the core from the closed female mold, I first place a restraining member 32 over the mold mouth as closely as practicable (preferably in contact with the article) and then separate'the sections preliminarily by hinge movement around the axis 30 from the position shown in Figure 2 to that shown in Figure 3 (i. 0. open the mold sections book-fashion). This cracks the mold and opens it far enough to strip the article from adhering to the mold surfaces. By reference to the drawings it will be noticed that should the article adhere to one female mold section or the other during the cracking process it would have a tendency to tilt with that mold section which would throw the upper edge or mouth of the article above the horizontal plane of the lower face of the restraining plate, the restraining plate being there, however, it prevents such movement of the article with the result the article will be stripped or peeled from the sections of the female mold to which it is adhering. After the article has become detached from the female mold in this way the mold sections are then moved farther apart a distance suiiicient to permit the article to drop down and out. In order to insure a uniform dropping of the article and prevent it falling crosswise between the open sections I may hold the article temporarily to the restraining plate by suction, breaking the suction when the mold sections have s parated sufficiently and even increasin the air pressure to effect a momentary blow into the article, thereby insuring, in a positive manner, the uniform travel clownwardly through the open mold (into the trimmer tubes if such are used).

In operating the mechanism which I have devised for the purpose of carrying out my method mechanically the same is manipulated follows: assume the female mold to be in the closed position just preceding the extraction station (the end of the baking interval). After the core is removed by ascending the cams. 5 and passing from position shown in Figure 2 to the extracting station in Figure 33, when theunit arrives at the extracting station the roller 26 will have come into operative relation with the lever 27, which lever is then operated to raise the roller 26, the initial movement being indicated in Figure 3. This causes the locking pressure on the female mold sections to be released; as the centers of gravity of the mold sections are, of course, to either side of the mid-plane which contains the axis 30, the natural tendency of the female mold sections, when unlocked, will be to open as a book. This tendency is augn'iented by the pins 20 pulling the sections apart, see Fig ure Before the mold sections are cracked, however, the restraining plate 32 will have been lowered to position over the female mold, see Figure 3, and held there either by its own weight or by the assistance of the hold-down cams hereinbefore referred to, so that the pastry articles cannot rise in the mold. Therefore by the time the mold sec tions shall have been opened to the extent indicated in Figure 3 the article will have become detached therefrom.

It will be noticed that as the moldsections begin to crack apart the rollers 17 will be in engagement with the arcuate portions 11 of the guidewayslO; this will aid in holding the lower edges of the mold together while the upper edges are moved apart. By the time, however, the sections reach the position-of Figure 3 the rollers 17 will have e11- gaged the bottoms 12 of the guideways. Therefore on further separation of the mold sections their rollers 16 and 17 will ride on the horizontal portions of the guideways (thus reducing friction) until the fully open position (Figure 4:) is reached. In this manner the wear on the lower mold edges at 30 is reduced to a minimum.

When uniform dropping of the articles is not a consideration, no means need be pro vided to hold the articles to the plate after they have been detached from the female mold walls, they may be permitted to fall at will. However, as in many instances it is desirable to trim the article, it becomes helpful to have them fall in a uniform way as along the direction of their axes. This may be effected by use of suction through the duct 38 and ports 39. As the suction is not required for detaching purposes a very light suction is all that is necessary-to overcome the weight of the baked articles. This suction allowed to remain in action until the mold sections have opened a distance sufficient to permit the articles to fall clear; then the suction is discontinued or broken and the article freed, or a pressure in excess of atn'iospheric may be passed through the ports 39 outwardly to blow the articles downwardly and thus assist in the rapidity at least of their passage through the open molds.

The female mold sections are closed by the reverse motion of the shafts 18, the mold sections being carried freely on the rollers 16 and 17 until the lower edges at 30 come together. then these edges constitute a hinge axis and the sections swing to the finally closed position book-fashion and are locked by the cam levers and toggle links.

Other devices may be provided to lock and unlock, close and separate, the mold sec tions' than the ones herein described, as I lltl have intimated, for mechanisms are known in the art which are the equivalent of these, and I do not wish to be understoo as limiting my invention to the embodiment of the specific mechanism employed in the parts 18 to 28 inclusive.

Where the article is formed with a head sheet the mold units will, of course, be separated somewhat farther than is necessary where no head sheet is formed, but the formation of a slight head sheet will not be detrimental to the operation of my machine or the carrying out of my method, but rather it will be helpful in that it will give a'greater area of fiat contact between the top of the article and the restraining plate and thus distribute the detaching force over a larger area. A

It should be understood that as the wheel turns to move the mold unit away from the extraction station the plate 32 will ride up the rear cam 36 and rise, thereby engaging valve stem 43 to open the valve 42 before the mold section hits the cone.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, it is thought that my method and the I mechanism which l have devised for carrying out that method will be clear to those skilled in the art.

l Vhat I claim is: V

l; The method of extracting cup pastry from split female molds after removal of the cores therefrom, which consists in first opening the female mold sections bookfashion while holding the pastry against tilting or moving over with a mold section, thereby stripping the pastry from the female mold sections, and subsequently moving the mold sections a sufficient distance apart to permit the pastry to drop out.

2. The method of extracting cup pastry from split female molds after removal of the cores, which consists in opening the female mold sections by a pivotal motion around an axis at the bottom of the mold and in the plane of the split, whereby to.

from split female molds after removal ofv the cores, which comprises first the tilting of the female mold sections apart to open the top of the cavity wider than t'he bottom' 7 of the cavity, while holding the pastry from tilting with a mold section so as to keep the upper edge of the pastry in a plane approximately normal to the axis of the mold cavity when the female mold sections are closed,

and thereafter moving the female sections bodily apart a distance suiiicient to permit the pastry to drop through. c

4. The method of extracting cup pastry from split female molds after removal of the cores, which consists in engaging the upper or top surfaceof the pastry to hold the pastry from rising in the mold and separat- .face of the pastry to prevent its rising, and

opening the female molds by movement downwardly and away from one another while holding the pastry from dropping until it has become detached from the walls of the female mold, and thereafter moving the mold. sections still farther apart a distance sufficient to permit the pastry to drop, and releasing the pastry so that it may drop out of the mold.

The method of extracting cup pastry from split female molds after removal of the cores, which consists in creating a partial vacuum above and within the pastry while holding the pastry against upward movement, and separating the female molds by simultaneous movement away from the axis of the cavity and downwardly, and after the molds have been opened far enough to permit; passage of the pastry, increasing the pressure within and above the pastry to release it and permit it, to fall through between the open mold sections.

In cup pastry making machines, a pair of female mold sections and a core therefor, means for withdrawing the core from the article within the mold sections, means for separating said sections by a downward and outward motion, means to engage the a "ticle at its top to arrest it against following over with a mold section, said separating means having provision upon further movement to open the mold sections apart a distance suificient to permit the article to drop through.

8. ln cup pastry making machines, a pair of female mold sections and a core therefor, means for withdrawing the core from the article within theme-id sections, means for separating said sections by a downward and outward motion, around an axis located beneath the bottom of the mold cavity, means to engage the article at its top to arrest it againstfollowing over with a mold section, said separating means having provision upon further movement to open the mole sections apart a distance sufficient to permit the article to drop through. V

9. Incup pastry making machines of the type employing a mold unit consisting of a pair of female mold sections anda core; means first to raise the core out of the female mold while its sections remain closed to retain the article and thereby strip it from the core, an arresting plate, means to bring the plate into position above the mold to cooperate with the female mold, means operative while said plate is in position over the female mold to open the female mold sections book-fashion on an axis adjacent the bottom end of the mold, thereby to strip the article from the female mold sections, and thereafter separating the sections a distance sufficient to permit the article to drop out.

10. In cup pastry making machines of the type employing a mold unit consisting of a pair of female mold sections and acore;

means first to raise the core out of thefemale mold while its sections remain closed to retain the article and thereby strip, it from the core, an arresting plate, means to bring the plate into position above the mold to cooperate with the female mold, means operative while said plate is in position over the female mold to open the female mold sections book-fashion on an axis adjacent the bottom end of the mold, thereby to strip the article from. the female mold sections, and thereafter separating the sections a distance sufficientto permit the article to dropout and means associated with saith plate to cause a suction to retain the article, when released, against the plate in a predetermined position'whereby when the female mold sections shall have been fully opened and the suction broken the article will drop out of the mold sections in a predetermined way, and means to break the suction to release the article from the plate.

11. In ouppastry making machines of the type employing. split female and male baking mold units; the combination with the units, of means for removing themale mold from the baked article whileret-ammg the article in the female mold, means for first rotating the female mold sections about an axis normal to the axis of the mold cavity and adjacent the small end thereof, and thereafter separating the female mold sections apart a distance sufiicient to permitpassage of the baked article, when released.

- 12. In cup pastry making machines of the type employing split female and male baking mold units; the combination with the units, of means for removing the male mold from the baked article while retaining the article -baked article, and means to be engaged: by

the lllOuth of the baked article during the article in the female mold, means for first rotating the female mold sections about an axis normal to the axis of the mold cavity and adjacent thesmall end thereof, there after separating the female mold sections apart a distance suflicient to permit passage of the baked article, and means to be engaged by the mouth of the baked article during the rotation of the female mold sections tear rest the article from tilting over with amold sect-ion to which it may be adhering, thereby tostrip the article from that mold section, said last named means comprising an arresting plate and mechanism forplacing the plate into and removing it from operative association with the female mold at times.

14:. In cup astry making machines of the type employing splitfemale and male bakmg mold units; the combination withthe units, of means for removing the male mold from the baked article while retaining the article in the female mold, means for first rotating the female mold sections about an axis normal to the axis of the mold cavity and adjacent the small end thereof,there after separating the female mold sections apart a distance sufiicient to permit passage of the baked article, and means to be engaged by the mouth of the baked article during the rotation'of the female mold sections to arrest the article from tilting over with a mold section to which it maybe adhering, thereby to strip the article from said mold section, said last named means comprising an arresting plate and mechanism for placing the plate into and removing it from operative association with the female mold at times, means to create asuction beneath said plate to cause the! article to tend to adhere to said plate after the plate has been placed into operative association with the female mold and during at least the initial'portion of the time the female sections are being opened. y

, 15. In cup pastry making machines of the type employing split female and male bak ing mold units; the combination with the units, of means for removing the malemold from the baked article while retainingthe article in the female mold, means for first rotating the female mold sections about an x axis normal to the axisof theinold cavity and adjacent the small end thereof, "thereafter separating the female, [mold sections apart a distance sufficient to permit passage of the'baked article, and meansto be enplate to cause the article to tend to adhere to said plate after the plate has been placed 'intooperative association with the female mold and during at least the initial portion of the time the female sections are opening, and means to restore pressure, at least to atmospheric, between plate and article after the mold sections have been separated a distance sufficient to discharge the article.

7 16, In cup pastry making machines of type employing sectional female mold units I and cores; the combination with a mold carrier, a pair of female mold sections, said carrier having guideways and said sect-ions having members associated with said guideways, said guideways including arcuate and straight way portions, whereby as such sections are separated they will first open at the top and then move bodily away from one another, means for separating said sections andbringing them together again at intervals.

r 17. In cup pastry making machines of the type employing sectional female mold units and cores; the combination with a mold carrier, a pair of female mold sections, said carrier having guideways and said sections having members associated with said guideways, said guideways including arcuate and straight way portions, whereby as such sections are separated they will first open at the top and then move bodily away from one another, means for separating said sections and bringing them together again at intervals,

means to support said sections at a place as.

a pivot during the initial opening movement and while the sec-tions are closed together.

18. In cup pastry making machines of the type employing sectional female mold units and cores; the combination with a mold carrier, a pair of female mold sections, said carrier having guideways and said sections having members associated with said guideways,

said guideways including arcuate V and straight way portions, whereby as such sec-- tions are separated they will first open at the top and then move bodily away from one another, means for separating said sections and bringing them together again at inter- -vals,rmeans to support said sections at a place as a pivot during the initial opening movement and while the sections are closed together, said means comprising mold fulcrum-lugs engaged beneath the lower ex the 7 type employing sectional female mold units and cores; the combination with a mold carrier, a pair of female mold sections, said carri having guideways and said sections havnembers associated with said guideways, said guideways including arcuate and straight way portions, whereby as such sections are separated they will first open at the top and then move bodily away from one another, means for separating said sections and bringing them together again at intervals, means to support said sections at a place as a pivot during the initial opening movementand while the sections are closed together, said means comprising mold fulcrum-lugs engaged beneath the lower extremities of the mold sections at their lower 7 meeting edges, said mold members that are 1 associated with the slideways each'compris mg upper and lower rollers, the upper rollers resting on the bottoms of then respective slideways to sustain the female mold secand cores; the combination with a mold car-V rier, a pair of female mold sections, said carrier having members associated with said guideways, said guideways including arcuate and straight way portions, whereby as such sections are separated they will first open at the top and then; move bodily away from one another, means for separating said sections and bringing them together at intervals, said mold members that are associated with the slidewayseach comprising upper and lower rollers, the upper rollers resting on the bottoms of their respective slideways to sustain the female mold sections when closed, said lower rollers being out of'operative engagement with the slideways when the mold sections are closed but adapted to come into operative engagement after the mold sections have undergone their initial separatory movement, said mold fulcrumlugs on the carrier operatively associated with the female mold sect-ions while closed and during the initial separatory movement thereof. 21. In pastry making machines, a pair of female mold sections and a core therefor, a

mold carrier, means for opening and closing said sections laterally, means to restrain the lower ends of the mold sections against se aeration until the upper ends have been having guideways and said sections separated an initial distance, means to restrain the product from rising above the top plane of the mold sections after the core has been removed, and while the sections are being opened,

22. In pastry making machines, a pair.

of female mold sections and a core therefor, a mold carrier, means for opening and closing said sections laterally, means to restrain the lower ends of the mold sections against separation until the upper ends have been separated an initial distance, means to restrain the product from rising above the top plane or the mold sections after the core has been removed, and while the sections are being opened, said restrainingmeans comprising a plate, means to mount said plate for up and down movement at a fixed place, means to hold said plate up until a mold unit from which the core has been removed is brought beneath the plate, and means to hold the plate down over the mold unit while the mold sections are being separated.

23. In pastry making machines, a pair of female mold sections and a core therefor, a mold carrier, means for opening and closing said sections laterally, means to restrain the lower ends of the mold sections against separation until the upper ends have been separated an initial distance, means to restrain the product from rising above the top plane of the mold sections after the core has been removed and While the sections are being opened, means for varying the air pressure between the plate and the contents of the mold at intervals alternately to lower pressure below atmospheric and restore the same to atmospheric or greater, thereby alternately holding and releasing the article with respect to said plate.

24. In pastry making machines, a pair of female mold sections and a core therefor, a mold carrier, means for opening and closing said sections laterally, means to restrain the lower ends of the mold sections againstscparation until the upper ends have been separated an initial distance, means to rcstrain the product from rising above the top plane of the mold sections after the core has been removed, and while thesections are being opened, said restraining means comprising a plate, means to mount said plate for up and down movement at a fixed place, means to hold said plate up until a mold unit from which the core has been removed is brought beneath the plate, and means to lock the plate down over the mold unit while the mold sections are being separated, means for varying the air pressure between the plate and the contents of the mold at intervals alternately to lower pressure below atmospheric and restore the same to atmospheric or greater, thereby alternately holding and releasing the article with respect to said plate.

ALBERT E. DIETERICH.

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