US1586973A - Reciprocating engine - Google Patents

Description

June 1 1926.

M. L. DAVIS, JR RECIPROCATING ENG INE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 l/WE/VTUI? 111mm {EM B 7 Emma 3 Filed Feb. 28, 1922 June 1 1926.

M. L. DAVlS, JR

RECIPROCATING ENGINE Filed Feb. 28, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 .\NQ I: I,

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M. 1... DAVIS, JR

RECIPRQCATING ENGINE Filed Feb. 28', 1922 4 Sheets5heet 4 INVENTOR Ill Patented June 1, 1926.

warren "starts MATTHEW L. DAVIS, JR, F OAK GROVE, ALABAMA.

RECIPROCATING ENGINE.

Application filed February 28, 1922. Serial No. 540,011.

This invention relates to compound ongines and has been developed with particular reference to engines .in which the power is taken from one of the pistons through longitudinal slots in the cylinder, the steam being admitted alternately at opposite ends of the cylinderin which the piston moves. In accordance with the invention the high pressure cylinder is mounted within the low pressure cylinder and itself const1tutes the low pressure piston. The placing of the high pressure cylinder within tl e low pres sure cylinder makes the engine exceedingly compact, does away with the necessity of jacketing the high pressure cylmder, permits the steam leads, especially of the exhaust steam from the high pressure cylinder into the low pressure cylinder, to he very direct, and generally contributes to increased efliciency. Suitable provisions, which may be varied in engines adapted for different uses, are made for the control of the admission and discharge of the steam or other motive fluid to and from the several cylinders and for the operative connection of the several pistons with the crank shaft or driven memher. The invention will be explained more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is illustrated in practical embodiment and in which Figure 1 is a top view of an engine which is constructed in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 is a view thereof in side elevation.

Figure 8 is a view in end elevation as seen from the right hand in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a partial section on the plane indicatedby the broken line 4ll of Figure 1 and on a slightly larger scale.

Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 are respectively detail views in section on the planes indicated by the broken lines 5+5, 66, 77 and 8-8 of Figure 4, Figure 8 not being afull section.

The low pressure cylinder, crank shaft and other working parts of the engine are shown as mounted on a suitable supporting frame a, the engine being represented in this in stance as a horizontal engine. The low pressure cylinder 7) is shown as steam jacketed, having a surrounding chamber'b' to which the exhaust steam is admitted as hereinafter explained and from which the exhaust steam escapes through a suitable connection, as

at If. The low pressure piston in this in stance is constituted by the high pressure cylinder. The exhaust steam is discharged from the low pressure cylinder through suit able ports Z1 and oscillating valves 12 operated as hereinafter described. The ends of the cylinder Z) are closed by heads 5 to which fi'irther reference will be made. i

The high pressure cylinder 0 is placed centrally within the low pressure cylinder 6 and, in the construction shown, is movable longitudinally therein, constituting, with its heads 0, the low pressure piston. Between the inner and outer walls 0 and c ofthe combined high pressure cylinder and low pressure piston are steam chambers 0 separated by a transverse wall 0 provided with ports 0, through which steam is admitted to the high pressure cylinder, other chambers 0 which receive the valves 0 which control the exhaust from the high pressure cylinder into the steam chamber 0", and other chambers 0 which receive the valves 0 which control the admission of steam from the steam chamber 0 to the low pressure cylinder b. The valves 0 and 0 respectively have sliding engagement with oscillating shafts 0 and 0 which are mounted in the heads 72 and are actuated as hereinafter described.

W ithin the high pressure cylinder 0 is the high pressure piston cl which is connected by a piston rod (5, cross-head d and pitman (Z with the high pressure crank pin 6 of the crank shaft 6. i

The high pressure cylinder 0, which also servesas the low pressure piston, has at diametrically opposite points studs 7 whichproject through longitudinal slots 6 in the low pressure cylinder 7), the slots being formed between the ends of the low pressure cylinder and of such length that while permitting the full stroke of the high pressure piston, they are lapped by such piston in all positions thereof, the piston being in the nature of a trunk piston for the purpose just stated as well as for the purpose of receiving or constituting the high pressure cylinder. The studs or projections f are connected by pitmen f with the corresponding crank pins 0 of the crank shaft 0.

High pressure steam is admitted, at each end of the compound cylinder structure, through an inlet 9 an oscillating valve g and a straight tube 9, into the corresponding steam chamher ca tube 9 is fixed in the corresponding head 5 of the low pressure cylinder and passes through a stuffing box in the corresponding head 0 of the combined high pressure cylinder and low pressure piston into the corresponding steam chamber 0 the tubes being of such length that each is always in engagement with the corresponding head 0 and permits the full stroke of the piston without disengagement.

From each chamber 0 the steam, admitted under control of the oscillating valve 9', passes through the port 0 into the correspending end of the high pressure cylinder 0 and against the corresponding face of the high pressure piston (Z. The exhaust steam from the high pressure cylinder passes, under control of the oscillating valve 0 in the valve chamber 0 into the steam chamber 0 from which it passes through the valve chamber 0 under control of the oscillating valve 0 and through the head 0 into the corresponding end of the low pressure cylinder Z), to exert its force against the corresponding face of the combined piston and cylinder 0. The exhaust steam from the low pressure cylinder passes through the respective ports 5 under the control of the oscillating valves 6 into the steam jacket Z) and thence through the outlet 6 Any convenientform of valve gearing may be provided for the operation of the several valves. As shown, a gear a on the crank shaft 6 meshes with a gear h on a lay shat't it. Through bevel gears 72, the lay shaft it drives a shaft 7L which, through eccentrics h and suitable linkage 7L operates the oscillating valves 0 and 0 An eccentrio in on the shatth, through suitable linkage If, operates the oscillating valves Z9 It will be understood that the steam leads, the valves, and the valve gearing are substantially of ordinary construction and arrangement and may be varied to suit different conditions of use, as may also other details of construction and arrangement, the invention, except as pointed out in the claims, not being limited to the particular construction and arrangement shown and described.

I claim as my invention:

1; In an engine, the combination of a low pressure cylinder, a high pressure cylinder placed within the low pressure cylinder and movable therein and having a head to fit within the low pressure cylinder and having a steam chamber in communication with the interior of the high pressure cylinder, and a high pressure steam inlet pipe fixed in the head of the low pressure cylinder and extended through the head of the high pressure cylinder into said steam chamber.

2. In an engine, the combination of a low pressure cylinder, a high pressure cylinder placed within the low pressure cylinder and movable therein and having a head to fit within the low pressure cylinder and having a steam chamber in communication with the interior of the high pressure cylinder, a high pressure steam inlet pipe fixed in the head of the low pressure cylinder and extended with a sliding fit through the head or the high pressure cylinder into said steam chamber, and means to admit and control the passage of exhaust steam from the high pressure cylinder into the low pressure cylinder.

3. In an engine, the combination of a low pressure cylinder, a high pressure cylinder placed within the low pressure cylinder and movable therein and having a head to fit within the low pressure cylinder, and having a steam chamber in communication with the interior of the high pressure cylinder, a high pressure steam inlet pipe fixed in the head of the low pressure cylinder and extended with a sliding fit through the head of the high pressure cylinder into said steam chamber, a second steam chamber in communication with the interior of the high pressure cylinder and in communication with the interior of the low pressure cylinder, means to admit and control the passage of high pressure steam to the first named steam chamber, and means to admit i and control the passage of exhaust steam from the high pressure cylinder to the second named steam chamber and from the second named steam chamber to the low pressure cylinder.

' 4. In an engine, the combination of a low pressure cylinder, a high pressure cylinder placed within the low pressure cylinder and movable therein and having a head to fit within the low pressure cylinder, and having a steam chamber in communication with the interior of the high pressure cylinder, a high pressure steam inlet pipe fixed in the head of the low pressure cylinder and extended with a sliding fit through the head of the high pressure cylinder into said steam chamber, a second steam chamber in communication with the interior of the high pressure cylinder and in communication with the interior of the low pressure cylinder, means to admit and control the passage of high pressure steam to the first mentioned steam chamber, an oscillating valve carried by the head of the high pressure cylinder to control the passage of steam from the high pressure cylinder to said second named steam chamber, and an oscillatingshaft mounted in the head of the high pressure cylinder and having a sliding engagement with said valve.

5. In an engine, the combination of a low pressure cylinder, a high pressure cylinder placed within the low pressure cylinder and movable therein and having a head to fit within the low pressure cylinder, and having a steam chamber in communication with the interior of the high pressure cylinder, a

high pressure steam inlet pipe fixed in the head of the low pressure cylinde' and on tended with a sliding fit through the head of the high pressure cylinder into said steam chamber, a second steam chamber in communication with the interior oi": the high pressure cylinder and in communication with the interior of the low pressure cylinder, means to admit and control the passage of high pressure steam to the first mentioned steam chamber, an oscillating; valve to control the passage of steam from said second named steam chamber to the low pressure cylinder and an oscillating shaft mounted in the head of the low pressure cylinder and having a sliding engagement with said valve.

6. In an engine, the combination of a low pressure cylinder, a high pressure cylinder placed within the low pressure cylinder and movable therein and having a head to lit within the low pressure cylinder, and having a steam chamber in communication with the interior of the high pressure cylinder, a high pressure steam inlet pipe lined in the head of the low pressure cylinder and extended with a sliding lit through the head of the high pressure cylinder into said steam chamber, a second steam chamber in communication with the interior of the high pressure cvlinder and in communication with the interior of the low pressure cylinder, an-

oscillating valve to control the passage of exhauststeam from said second named steam chamber to the low pressure cylinder, and an oscillating shaft mounted in the head of the low pressure cylinder and having a sliding engagement With said valve.

7. In an engine, the combination of a low pressure cylinder, a high pressure cylinder placed within the low pressure cylinder and movable therein and having a head to tit within the low pressure cylinder, and having a steam chamber in communication With the interior of the high pressure cylinder, a high pressure steam inlet pipe fixed in the head of the low pressure cylinder and eX- tended with a sliding fit through the head of the high pressure cylinder into said steam chamber, a second stean'i chamber in com munication with the interior of the high pressure cylinder and in communication with the interior of the low pressure cylinder, an oscillating valve to control the passage of steam from the high pressure cylinder to said second named steam chamber, an oscillating valve to control the passage of steam from said second named steam cham her to the low pressure cylinder, and oscillating shafts mounted in the head of the low pressure cylinder and having sliding engagen'ient with said valves.

This specificatioi-i signed this 24th day of February A. D. 1922.

MATTHEW L. DAvis, JR.

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