US1553261A - Pneumatic tool - Google Patents

Description

Sept. s, 1925. 1,553,261

, c. OVERLY v PNEUMATIC TOOL Filed Jan. '29, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept. 8, 1925.

C. OVERLY PNEUMATIC TOOL Filed Jan. 29, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet GIM Patented Sept. 8, 1925.

UNITED. STATES CHARLES OVEBLY, O13, CLEVELAND, OHIO.

rnnn aA'rIe TOOL.

Application filed January 29, 1921. Serial N o. 44Q,8 8 8.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CnIARLns OvEnLY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pneumatic Tools, of which the following is a specification.

My invention pertains to pneumatic tools, especially riveting tools, and the general ob- 'jects ot the invention are; first, to protect and prolong the life of the hammer or rivet set in such tools; second, to relieve the operator of recoil; and third, to keep the rivet set cool. To elucidate further, in apneumatie riveting tool wherein the piston has a long stroke and reciprocates rapidly, it is a common experience to have the rivet set crystallize and break at the neck or point of union of its shank and enlarged'head because this enlarged head and the extremity of the cylinder or barrel constantly strike each other opposite the neck under the reaction or recoil which takes place subsequent to the piston striking the rivet set, and the shock and recoil is also transmitted to the o aerator holding the tool. To obviate such troubles and disadvantages I have provided means to absorb the shock and recoil of the rivet set and cylinder, and I also utilize the air that passes or leaks from the cylinder to cool off the rivet set while it is in operation.

In the drawings accompanying this application, Fig. 1 is a small or reduced side view of a pneumatic riveting tool embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the cylinder showing the rivet set and its retainer and shock-absorbing means associated therewith. Fig. 3 is a cross section on line 33, of Fig. 2. Fig. 4.- is a side view of the parts .shown in Fig. 2, excepting the retainer sleeve which is shown in section. Figs. 5, 6 and 7 illustrate several modified forms of the invention.

The pneumatic riveting tools in general use comprise a cylinder or barrel 2 having a handle 3 fixed at one end and a separate hammer or rivet set 4 extending from its opposite end. A floating piston 5 reciprocates very rapidly within the cylinder upon admitting compressed air, and the piston in each working stroke strikes the inner reduced end 6 of rivet set 4 which in turn transmits the impact to the work in hand. The return stroke of the piston is effected by admitting air through a port 7 near the inner reentrant angle or fillet where the stem or .7

shank joins abruptly with head 8.

To overcome this ill efl'ect, I form the rivet set with a neck 9 of sweeping curvature and without sharp reentrantfangles and interpose a shock-absorbing member between the end of cylinder 2 and head 8 of the rivet set. As shown in the drawings the radius of curvature of neck 9 is approximately the same as the diameter of the stem or shank of the rivet set. In Figs. 2 to 4:, this shockabsorbing member consists of a sheet-metal collar or ring 10 of less diameter than cylinder 2 and flared and rounded at its opposite ends, the lower or outer end being made to conform to the curved portion of the rivet set and the upper or inner end being slotted or divided at intervals to provide curved spring tongues 11 adapted to bear against the extremity of cylinder 2. In Fig. 5, I show a coiled spring 12 interposed between head 8 and cylinder 2. In Fig. 6 a solid ring 13 is loosely sleeved upon the rivet set between head 8 and cylinder 2. In Fig. 7, I provide a sectional retaining spring sleeve 14L having an annular portion 15 of reduced diameter adapted to occupy the space between head 8 and the end of cylinder 2, and a split spring ring 16 encircles the sections of this sleeve to hold the said parts together. In Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive I employ a retainer in the form of a split spring sleeve 17 having inturned flanges 18 and 19 which extend into an annular groove 20 and beneath an annular shoulder 21 in cylinder 2 and head 8, respectively. Sleeve 17 is perforated or provided with openings 22 in its side to permit a tree escape of the air which leaks from the cylinder around the shank of the'rivet set. This escaping air acts to cool the rivet set while in operation.

The bore or opening 23 in the outer portion of the cylinder is of larger diameter than the piston chamber 24, which provides an annular shoulder or seat 25'where the bore and chamber meet, and the inner end of the rivet set shank is reduced to provide an annular shoulder or seat 26 opposite should-er or seat 25. A short coiled spring 27 confined between said shoulders serves as an additional shock-absorber and protects the striking point of the set.

As used herein the terms hammer and rivet set are synonymous, and it should be understood that the head or hammering end may have many different forms, and that different shaped hammers or rivet sets are substituted one for the other for different kinds of Work. Thus, some of the heads are short and others elongated and extended, and the hammering ends may be formed with or without cavities, and the cavities shaped to any given work. To permit such substitution the retainer or spring sleeve is a detachable part of the tool, and when the parts are assembled there is a slight play between the hammer or rivet set and the retainer sleeve. 7

What I claim is:

1. A pneumatic tool or instrument, comprising a cylinder, a separate hammer having a reduced shank mounted within one end of said cylinder and a curved neck having a radius of curvature approximately the same as the diameter of said shank, a shock-absorber associated with said cylinder and hammer seated upon said curved neck, and a retaining sleeve for said hammer having air openings.

2. A pneumatic tool or instrument, comprising a cylinder having a piston therein, a rivet set having a supporting shank with a curved neck of approximately the same radius as the diameter of said shank and without reentrant angles, and a shock-absorbing ring sleeved upon said neck opposite the end of said cylinder.

A pneumatic tool or instrument, comprising a rivet set having an enlarged head and a reduced shank and a curved neck uniting saidhead and shank, the relative size of the radius of curvature being approximately the same as the diamter of said shank, in combination with a shock absorbing and protecting device sleeved upon said curved neck.

Signed at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga, and State of Ohio, this 25th day of January, 1921.

CHARLES OVERLY.

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