US1525A - Cowstrrtjction oe water-wheels - Google Patents

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N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITvHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON, D C- UNITED; sTAfrEs PATENT cueros.

EDWARD" RoBB'1Ns,-== JR'., lAND lfwM; Astier,- or* BoRDEN'TowN;` NEw JERSEY.

CONSTRUCTION *OF WATER-WHEELS.-

seeeisca'tibnof VLetters Patent Nb. 1,525',1 dated March 25; 1840.'

To all whom t may concern Be it known that we, EDWARD Roiivs, J r., and WILLIAM AsHY, of Bordentown, in the county of Burlington and State of New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in the Manner of Constructing the Buckets of Breast and Pitch-Back Water-Vheels, by means of which improvement the air which necessarily remains in such buckets after they have received their water from -the fiume is allowed to escape through openmgs left in the sole or lining of the wheel for that purpose as the buckets in their descent are being immersed in the back or vtail-race water; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description thereof.

In the accompanying drawing, the buckets d, a, a, are represented as having their planes in the radii of the axis of the wheel, and these we generally prefer, but they may be in other forms without changing the principle upon which our improvement 1s dependent. The portion a, a, a of each of the buckets is affixed firmly to the shrouding of the wheel in the usual manner, but the inner portion Z), b, Z) of each of them 1s hinged to the part a, a, a, or is made to turn on pivots in the shrouding, so as to operate as valves, or shutters, extending the whole length of the buckets. The inner edges of these valves shut against the sole c, c, c, of the wheel, and should when closed, form an angle of about 130o with the plane of thel buckets a, a, a, or with the radii of the wheel. Immediately below theJ closings of the valves b, I), against the sole or lining of the wheel,

we make openings e, e, e, through said sole, or lining, extending along t-he whole width of the wheel or length of the buckets, which openings are for the escape of air when the buckets receive their water from the Hume; but more particularly when they descend into the tail race, or back water.

el, d, cl, are pins, or stops, of any suitable kind, to prevent the opening, or falling back, of the valves beyond a point at which they will form a right angle with the parts a, a, a, of the bucket. The line f, f, f, represents the supposed height of the water in the tail race. The arrows numbered l, 2, 3, and 4t, represent the open space between the valves, when open, and moving through back water; and the soling of the wheel, and they point in the direction which the water Vruns to fill the space of arrow No. 4:, while the air escapes, through t-he space '6, arrow 5. The arrows numbered' 6 and 7 represent the spaces', where thev air escapes A from' the'- by pressure and allows the water to pass up between it and the soling, so as to lill the bucket completely, while the air escapes through the aperture e, in the direction of arrow No. 5, and in this way, the air escapes from each bucket, as they descend into the back water which instantly supplies its place; but for which openings, the air would be carried down, and be forced to descend with the buckets through thev back water. This carrying down of the air, it must be manifest, would offer a considerable resistance to the motion of the wheel; and that it does so, is well known to us from the most satisfactory experiments which we have made. As the wheel turns around and the buckets rise above the line of its center horizontally the-valves will approach, and eventually fall against the soling of the wheel, and be ready again to receive the water from the fiume.

Great advantage is derived from this mode of constructing the buckets with the valves placed in the position described, and combined with the openings below them through the soling, not only from the lessening thereby of the effect of back water, but, also, from its admitting of a much wider air space in the soling of the wheel than when made ink the ordinary way; the situation of the openers ings being such as not to produce any shedding of the water when the bucket is entirely full.

Having thus fully described the manner in which we construct our improved water wheel, and shown how the same operates, we do hereby declare that we do not claim as of our invention the application of valves to bucket, as we are Vaware that such application had been made prior to our use thereof, but in a way very different from that in which we have made it, and not effecting the same object, namely, the allowing of the free escape of air, and the free admission of water into the buckets, as they dip into the tail race,'or back Water, and thus preventg the carrying down ofthe airthrough said Water. Y Y

Whatvieclaim,V therefore, as of our in-v vention, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-j i f The employment ofvalves in buckets of Water Wheels, such valves having the position herein described, and represented in the i accompanying drawing, and being used in combination With the openings through the soling ofthe Wheel; that-,is to say said Valves I forming adn-.angle of 130 more or less with the radiating: buckets, or with the radii of the Wheel, and closing against its soling im- 15 mediately abovethe openings for the escape of air, the'whole being constructed and operating -substantially inthe manner set forth.`

EDWARDROBBINS, JR.

` WILLIAM ASHBY.

Y Witnesses:

JAMES PAINE,

n GEORGE JUSTICE.

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