US1521270A - Vacuum pump - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 30. 1924. 1,521,270

P. G. BoGDANoFF VACUUM PUMP Filed Dec, 27, 1919 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 30, 1924.

P. G. BOGDANOF F VACUUM PUMP- 1919 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 27

Patented Dee. so, i924,

unirse STATES maarre' earner orifice, Y

.t'AUL G. BOGDANOFF; OF BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN VACUUM PUMP.

Application led December 27, 1919. Serial No. 347,721..

To all whom z'zf may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL G, BOGDANQFF, a citizen of the United States, residing at Battle Creek, in the county of Calhounand y State of Michigan, have invented certain vis desired toproduce'thereby'.

new and useful Improvements in Vacuum Pumps; and l hereby declare that the follovw ing is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the aecompanying drawings, which form part of thisv The invention has particular .reference to the construction. of the pump; and is eapable of embodiment either in a, multistage pump, or a single stage pump, according to the capacity of the apparatus, and the amount of suction, or compression, which it I Will, first explain the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in which' I have illustratedr forms of Pumps embodying the invention and then set forth in the claims the essentials ofthe invention, and the novel features of construction, and novel combinations of parts, for all of Whichv protection is desired.

n said drawings sectional View of a multi-stage' pump" embodying the invention.

Fig.. 2 is a 'front elevation of thepump shown in Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional elevation cfa single-stage pump embodyingthelin-f Vention. 1 l

' Fig. 4.- is a 'Front elevation of the'if'pmp shown in Fig. 3. e

Fig.- 5 is an enlarged yface view of :the

primary impeller partly broken ,avv/ay.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of such impeller.

Fig. 7 is a detail view of one of nular plates detached.

Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8--8, Fig. 7. ig. 9-is a section' on the line 9 9, Fig. 7.'

F Fi s. 10 and 11- are detail views illustrat-- ing-t 1e slot-in the adjusting ring.

rig. 1 is imgitudimi The main casing of the pump is approxi;`

2 and 4;.) As Shown it is formed withgr'aril axially disposed circular fluid supply cham?.vv

vmately circular ,in end elevation. (See Figs A ber A in which is located the primary irnpeller 1.

Surrounding the chamber A and concen.

tric therewith is an annular suction'chamber B, ,in which located opposed' annular plates 2, hereinafter referred to, between which plates the water is radially. discharged into a third annularprimary dis charge chamber C, concentric With and circumfere'ntially surrounding the chamber B, sc that the fluid ejected'by theimpeller btween the plates 2 is directed into chamber C. From chamber C the fluid is conducted inwardly by radially disposed ports or passages E back toward a second aXiallyidis-v posed secondary iiuid chamber F, beside and 'in axial` alinement with chamber A. In chamber Fis `instep-up impeller 5, Which discharges the fluid into a secondary discharge chamber G concentric with and sur rounding chamber F.

Fluid is admittd into chamber A through f a laterally disposed inlet port a in the Wall of the casing; gaseous fluid may hel admitted into the lsuction chamber B through a port b in the side Wall of the -casinggas shown,

and the fluid mixture is discharged from the p chamber G through -an outlet port g.

Fluid such asl water is admitted through Athe port ainto the chamber A and ejectedby the impeller 1 through lthe suction gap between'the lnozzle plates 2 intoi the chamber Gand irrso doing the Vfluid 1n chamber B, which may be Water or gases, or mixtures 'thereozhfis drawn through the apertures in the plates 2' and injected intol the chamber .C by the action of the impeller 1 and plates l2; and the mixed fluid and gases pass through passages E tothe second impeller` and arev discharged thereby with increased pressure into the, chamber G, from which,`

they escape through theoutlet g" ,to the dse-4 sired pointjof discharge or' utilization." i

The portsfc-,fb'nd one-halfof chambers A, ByandffC, may be formed 1n one lon-gitudinal lriilf of a main casing casting; and n the other.""half of chambers A, B, and C,

.may befformed in the opposed, or central,"

portiontlof the main casing;` as/ shown in ligand 3 off-the drawings; and the chambers' F, G and outlet port g maybe formed in a third section of the main casing casting, as indicated-in Fig. 1 of the drawiii s. l'

xtending axially thrdugh the chambers A, F, which are inv axial alinement, is amain aft S; and on this shmft within the chamber A is mounted the primary impeller 1; which may be xedly, secured to the shaft av disk-like body portion having a hub 11 land a radial web portion 1b; and an opposed annular disk portion 1, which is bolted to the face of the portion 1b (see 4 Figs. 5 and 6) as shown. The annular portion 1c is preferabl bers A and B.

'cast with a plurality of curved spaced ribs 1t on its inner face the spaces between the ribs forming con. volutely curved channels 1e, which 'channels convolutel converge toward the center of the impel er and 4are shaped as shown in Figs. 5 and 6 so that the wia-ter will be discharged through these channels into an annular nozzle passage 1P vat theperiphery of the impeller. When the impeller is rapidly rotated water will be discharged throughA this passage 1p from the periphery of the impeller 'in an annular sheet of the desired thickness and in a plane. perpendicularly to the impeller axis. The peculiar design and form of the vanes of the impeller ensures the efficient rapid` discharge of water in an annular sheet or stream from and be'yond the periphery of the'im-peller.

The outer face of the ribs 1l may be dressed to make a close fit against the op.- posed dressed face of the web portion l" of the impeller; and these parts l, 1b may be united by means ofvbolts orscrews 1g, the heads of which bolts can be countersunk inthe web portion 1", as shown in Fig. 6, while the threaded portions of the bolts engage threaded apertures in the rib 1'.

The impeller may :also be provided near its periphery with exterior annular grooves 1, which may be suitably packed if desired, to make a close running joint between the sides of the impeller and the opposed portions of the division wall between the cham- The shaft S may be rotated by any suit`- able means. When rotated at proper speed water .or like fluid will be forcibly discharged from the periphery of the irnpeller in practically a continuous circumferential annular -sheet into and through the narrow annular space between the opposed plates 2 in chamber B. These plates 2 are alike but oppositely disposed. Each plate 12 has vvaplurality of circumferentially disposed section apertures 2*; two concentric annular' series of such apertures being shown. These apertures are preferably inclined at an ends.

.the a ertures 2 will create suction in such apertures and draw the fluid and gases from the chamber B through the apertures 2* and discharge same into the chamber-C.

The opposed inner sides or faces of the annular plates are preferably smooth, but` their outer faces may be annularly stepped as shown at 2b to facilitate the boring of the jet passages 2a therein.

The plates 2 may be secured in position with in the chamber B by any suitable means. Preferably the plates 2 are secured by means of bolts 2c, tapped into these plates and extending through suitable bores in the casing to the outside thereof', Where -they are secured by means of cap-nuts 2d.

To adjustably position the plates 2 I preferably inter ose between these plates and the side wal s of the chamber B adjustable rings 3. These rings 3 are fitted to the outer faces of the plates 2 and can be adjusted axially by means of bolts 3a having on their -inner ends heads 3d, which loosely engage with radially disposed key" slots 3c in the adjusting rings?, (see Figs. 10 and 11), and these boltsare tapped '.throu h openings 3Ll in the walls of the casing.` turning bolts 3* the rin s -can be adjusted 'endwise, or longitudinal y of the shaft S.

to hold the plates 2 the desired distance apart; yand when'they are properly adjusted the bolts 3El may be locked in adjusted position b v means of "ca-p'nuts 3 on their outer 3 may be slotted ,for the engagement of a screwdriver, and their outer ends may be squaredas 'indicated at 3t for'engagement ofy a wrench when the'cap'bolts 3. are removed. yWhen the rings are properly ad` justed the nozzle plates are\ firmly clamped in place by tightening nuts'2".

Preferably a round rubber gasket 3" is interposed between. the ring 3 andthe noz- 'zle plates as indicated in Figure -8, thefobs' ject of using two rings instead of one with n the, round gasket is to makenJ positivelyy air .and water tight joint to prevent leakage between the discharge and vacuum chambers.

Mounted on the shaft S within the chamber. Gr, as shown in Fig. 1 is a second im' peller 5, which maybe constructed like impeller l, if desired; but is shown as an ordinary impeller provided with radially dis, posed channels 5a by'which the fluid mixture is. drawn from chamber F and discharged into chamber G. i

The shaft S may be mounted in bearings of any suitable construction. As shown' it is mounted in bearin `J supported on brackets K attached to t e outer end ofthe casing as shown. Suitable stufng 'boxesL As' shown the heads 3b of the bolts -l and M are provided around shaft S at the outersides of the chambers -A and F, as

shown. A suitable stuiing box or packing as. N should be providedbetween the shaft S and' inner Awall of chamber A. A suitable 'packing ring may also 'be provided between the hub of thc impeller 1 and the Wall .hof the chamber A, as shown at O. Packing rings may be provided between the hub of the i-xnpeller 5 and the inner walls of the c around the iinpeller and between chain ers F and G.

' In the single sta-ge pump shown in Figs.

3 and 4 .the construction is substantially the 'samet azsthat described, similar parts being .similarly lettered; but in this latter pump thepa'SSages E are omitted, and the `chamber C is provided with an outlet port which takes theplace of the discharge port g and may be similarly connected to the affioint of utilization or discharge of the gases 'or-gaseous mixture.

' Operation.

' I :The inletlport b to the chamber B is con.-

. nected with the apparatus in which a par# of the .plates and the periphery of the iinpeller, land also in chamber B through the' tial yacuurn, reduced pressure, or suction is to be maintained.

against pressure, or where it is desired. to pump water to a required head.

' The quantity of water umpedor passed through chamber A'cany e determined by the speed ofthe impeller; its diameter,` and the width of the opening between the opposed annular plates. The capacity of the `impeller canbe readily 'regulated' or de The shaftSmay be--driven the desired` Vspeed byany suitable means, preferabl direct-connected fautomatically .contro electric motor attached to the: shaft. Y When- .the shztft is properly driven Water is drawn Qin through) rt a and`isthrown fromthe periphery opt ;1 n an' annular sheet between the surrounding annulap1ates-1The absolute velocity of the vsheef'of iv'ater passing between ,the said. arlilular plates tends to 'create a partial he impeller at a high velocity vacuum inthe gaps between the inner edges suction produced through-apertures 2-'in the plates 'At they inner sidesof.' and The water-fand' air'v thus, exhaustedfrom4 char'nberBare' mixed with the .water 'disair and water `or vaporis supplied from the chamber Banda apparatus connected therewith lon lwhieh v'acuum'is vto be maintained.

charged from thejimpeller. and discharged i p liefd at a high velocity; at their outer' side `either direetfroin the outlet e' of chamber C.

in the single stage vconstruction (Figs. 3 and rim' eller 5 in the tivo "stage construction (Figs. land-2) anddischarged 'by the lat- Aiter with increased pressure into the chamber G1" and' escape 'thence through outlet 37.'.

The two stage construction 1s' used to ad- Vantage Where the `mixtu'reis to be dis-f charged .into aboiler -or other apparatus `discharged between the'annular plates.

justed -to have very closeclearance'jn the gap, and also between the sides of the sheet of water discharged from' the impellerand the cheeks of the P1ates -Where a very high vacuum 'isdesi'red the? 90' suction o f the mpeller 5,0 fethe two-stage pump ensures a quick removal VAof jthcfmixture from chamberC, and assists in main; taining a-high velocity of the uidmixture The pump can' be primed like an ordinary centrifugal pump; .andisj absolute in its action, and does not Aneed-any means of starting vacuum or any assistaxiceA in an l Wa w,1... .'l`hev ump can be connected. to a we l andv rime .bym'eans of agfoot valve from j.'

the ischarge. side or primedg direct from `the 'Well by means of .an ejector..

-As soon. as tbepump Vis started: it creates 'immediate suction orvacuum in thew'facuum chamber B .fnd 'matter if the sameis at thc outset filled' withxwaterior nptz, The mix- .ture of'walter and air carl be discharged by .the second stagelpu'mp 'to a tank, cooling totver,oranyiother desired-place.'

lvhenlzappliedfto low`-=. ressureheatingf systems` thej 1nletport of ch mber A maybe.

connected tothe".receivingtanlr and somake f the' pum self-priming, `and the `inletl to chamber' connected tothe return pipe or, header-of the heating system. .In case there 'is' not .sufficientv return of 'condensed water i i l i li I l from'the heating coils, water from the dis i chargeof-cha-mber. C can be'by-passed into liquid'to'maintain vacuum on the line'.

In-casetlie'pump is to be used as' a coin-4 pressor -thei.. -dischar'ge from theypumpl may.

bei conducted ,tov an' enclosed air' separating..

thereceving-'tanh to supplyithe necessary 120 i tanln'an'd the. water in the .tank be returned 125 through' af-bypass pipe t'o the chamber A and used' over and 'over agair'rin the'pump;f while the 'air discharged into-the separating i tank can be conducted through a discharge in the top oftank to any desired place of use.

What I cla-im is: 1. In avacuum central fluid cham -er inletfor having an fluid; a suction chamber surrounding the.

`fluid chamber having' an inlet for gaseous fluids; anda discharge 4chamber surroundretaryim cham r :forming between them a suction gap through which l thev fluid discharged rom the impeller passes into the discharge chamber; and means forrelatively adjusting the said annular platesin said suction chamber to `regulate he width of the suction I ga I Y `1 :I v In a vacuum pump, a casing having a let; an annular suctionchamber surround .p ing the iluid. supplyfchamber; an annular primary fluid chamber,

.the secondary duid chamber and duid supply chamber provided withan indischarge chamber surrounding 'thel suction nularplates/ within formingbetween them a suction vgap and rovided with inclined apertures ,leading om the suction chamber to said gap; a rota impeller mounted' .the Huid cham er and dischargingintol the between the annular plates inthe-dui amber; a shaft extending axially through said chambers upon which the said impeller is mounteds'and whereby.l it maybe rotated; fthin the suction chamberexterior to the annular lates; and means for adjusting the rings an said plates to va the `Width of the suction-gap between the p ates.

3. In ,a rotary pump, a casinghaving a. a primary suction chamber surrounding the prima -iluid chamber and a primary discharge-c amber surrounding the primary suction chamber; a primary rotary impeller mounted within the primary fluid chamber .and discharging through the primary suction chamber;

o positely disposed annular plates within tlie primary suction chamber provided with inclined perforations and forming between them a suction gap through'whic the Huid discharged from the pr-imary impelle1 passes into .the primary discharge chamberl said plates heilig adjustable for regulating the width of thc` suction gap therebetween; a secondary Huid chamber atrnne side of the primary iluid chamber and in axial alinemeut therewith; passages leading; from'4 the primary discharge chamber into this secondary uid. chamber; and a secondary dis-' charge chamber surroundin the secondary fluid' chamber; and a secon ary impelle'r in ischargump; a casing having a- "charge c lumber an -c amber to said gap; ad]

-secondarytluid chamber at one side ary fluid chamber;

in intothe secondary discharge chamber, su stantially as described.

.4. In a vacuum pump, a casing havin a primary fluid supply. chamber provi ed wthan inlet; an annular vprimary suction chamber .surrounding thc lprimary fluid supply chamber; an annular primary discharge chamber surraunding the primary suction chamber; a. pair of opppsitely disposed annular plates within t e primary suction. chamber formingbetween them a suction ap openin into the primary disvprovided with inclined ding from the rimary suction 'listing rings within the primary suction chamber exterior to the said, plates;

a ertures lea and means for adjusting the plates' andrings to vary the width of the suction gap between the nozzle plates; a

primary rotary impeller mounted within intthe suction gap between the plates; a

pf the fluid chamber and vin axial' alineent't erewith'; passages leadinggfrom the primary discharge chamber into t is secondrima chamber surroundingthe 'secondary duid chamber; fasecondary stantially .through-the side walls of the chamber andl engaging said plates to adjust and secure them in position in the chamber, tially as described.

a secondary di schargc impeller in the sec-- `ondaryz fluid chamber and discharging into.

substam es the primary fluid chamber 'and discharging'.V

' and sec- I ici ump of thelcharacter described,

6. In ay pump of the character described,v

a suction chamber; opposite plates in said chamber adapted to form an annular suc tion gap between them; adjustable rings at the outer' sides of said plates to secure them in position, said rin s having slots.; and adjusting Abolts tap ed through the walls of the chamber an having heads engaging said bolts, substantially as described.

`7. In a pump of the character described, a suction chamber; o osite plates in said chamber adapted to ili'im an annular suction gap between them and each vprovided with apluralty 'of circumferentiallyv disosed suction apertures incIinedjtothe axisof'the plates; with--adus'table tted tothe outer s ides ofsai plates and ada ted to secure them imposition, said rings avmg slots; andadjusting bolts 'having heads engaging said slots whereby the rings may be adjusted, substantially as described.

-8. In apump of the character specied havingy a suction chamber; an impeller dischargin through said chamber; o posit'ely dispose annular plates arrange within said chamber adapted to form an annular suction gap between them and provided with a plurality of eireumferentially disosed suction apertures inclined to the axis of the plates; adjustable rings fitted to the outer sides of said nozzle plates having slots; bolts tapped through the walls of the chamber and having heads engaging the slots in the rings; and setting bolts connected with the plates and extending through the Walls of the chamber, substantially as described.

9. In a vacuum pump; a casing having a central liuid chamber having an inlet for fluid; 'a suction chamber surrounding the iud chamber having an inlet Jfor gaseous tluids; and a discharge chamber surrounding the suction chamber having an outlet; a rotary -impelier mounted in the liuid chamber extending into the suction chamber; oppositely disposed annular 1plates within the suction chamber forming between them a suction gap through which the fluid discharged from the impeller passes into the discharge chamber; the said annular plates being adjustable for regulating the width of the suction gap. l

10. In a vacuum pump, a casing having a duid supply chamber provided with an inlet; an annular suction chamber surrounding the fluid supply chamber; an annular discharge chamber surrounding the suction chamber; a pair of oppositely disposed annular plates within the suction chamber forming between them a suction gap; a 1 o tary impeller mounted Within the fluid chamber and discharging into the gap'between the annular plates in the fluid chamber; a shaft extending axially through said chambers upon which the said impeller is mounted and whereby it may be rotated; said plates'being independently adjustable for regulating the width ot the suction gap between the plates.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I affix my signature.'

' PAUL e. BoeDANorr.

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