US1511111A - Composite railway-track member - Google Patents
Composite railway-track member Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1511111A US1511111A US1511111DA US1511111A US 1511111 A US1511111 A US 1511111A US 1511111D A US1511111D A US 1511111DA US 1511111 A US1511111 A US 1511111A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- chromium
- manganese
- steel
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title description 10
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 28
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 24
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000617 Mangalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000083551 Ena Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ASCUXPQGEXGEMJ-GPLGTHOPSA-N [(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-[[(2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-triacetyloxy-6-(4-methylanilino)oxan-2-yl]methoxy]oxan-2-yl]methyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)O[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](COC(=O)C)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](OC(C)=O)[C@@H](OC(C)=O)[C@H](NC=2C=CC(C)=CC=2)O1 ASCUXPQGEXGEMJ-GPLGTHOPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N reserpine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]2C[C@@H]3C4=C(C5=CC=C(OC)C=C5N4)CCN3C[C@H]2C1)C(=O)OC)OC)C(=O)C1=CC(OC)=C(OC)C(OC)=C1 QEVHRUUCFGRFIF-MDEJGZGSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B11/00—Rail joints
- E01B11/02—Dismountable rail joints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
Definitions
- This invention relates to composite railway track members having a body portion of one composition, which is at least in part cased, sheathed or armored With another composition'of greater hardness and higher resistance to wear.
- the invention also comprises novelcompositions useful for 'producing casings or armor of'the kind men-. tioned on track members and other members subjected to similar service.v V
- the material for railway rails, frogs, switches and crossings should have the strength and toughness necessary in struc-v tural members together with eat hardness and resistance to wear to ena le it to withstand the abrasion and pounding to which it is subjected by the rolling stock.
- No single material has been found which combines these qualities with suflicient cheapness and workability, and a fairly high carbon steel has been universally adopted as a compromise. While surface deterioration necessitates expensive replacements, failure of the body of the rail by fracture is'apt to cause disastrous accidents.
- chromium as a hardening agent in the v steel added, a considerable amount of carbon being also incorporated.
- the chromium content should preferably be not much below 1.0% and may be increased to 3.0% or more.
- the carbon content may be as much as 1.0%, but it is preferred to keep the carbon at a considerably lower figure and to secure the necessary hardness and toughness by suitable additions of chromium.
- F urthermore I have found that a reciprocal relation between the carbon and chromium ios percentages gives thebest results, this relation being sufiiciently illustrated by the following examples:
- the carbon should pref- 'erably not exceed 0.5%; while if the carbon is as low as 0.2%, the chromium content should be between1.5-3.0%. With a carbon content approaching the maximum (for example 1%), the chromium should preterably not exceed 1.5%.
- My preferred chromium range is from .75% to 1.50% with carbon between 0.2% and 0.6%.
- y 1 also find it desirable to include a considerable quantity of silicon in the metal which is tobe melted andbuilt up on the in welding operations.
- the manganese content of the welding metal may be from .50%
- a filling metal having carbon 0.35% to 0.415%, chromium 1.0% to 1.2%, silicon 0.5%
- the chromium-containing compositions disclosed herein produce a case or armor which in hardness, toughness, and resistance to wear, excels the carbon steel base on which it is laid.
- the added metal is free from the brittleness of carbon steels of comparable hardness, and is very much easier to manipulate.
- the chromium compositions are harder than the manganese steels which have been used for similar purposes, and therefore are less deformed by impact. They require no heat-treatment and form no compositions of undesirable properties with the base'metal.
- a railwaytrack member comprising a steel base armored'with an alloy steel which,
- alloy steel of the armor contains between 0.75% and 1.50% of chromium and between 0.2% and 0.6% of carbon.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
Patented Oct. 7, 1924.
v UNITED .STATES PATENT, OFFICE.
JAMES H. cnrrcnnrr, or BAYSIDE, NEW YORK. ASSIGNOR T THE OXWELD nun .1 Roan SERVICE COMPANY, A conronn'rron or DELAWARE COMPOSITE RAILWAY-TRACK -IMEMBER AND COMPOSITION FOR, JPROIDUCING T HE a SAME.
No Drawing. Application fi led July29, 1922, Serial No. 578,499. Renewed September 8, 1924.
T 0 all whom it may concem.
Be it known that I, JAMES H. CRITCHETI,
a citizen of the United States, residin at Bayside, in the county of Queens and tate of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Railway-Track Members-and Compositions for Producing the Same, of which the following is aspecification.
This invention relates to composite railway track members having a body portion of one composition, which is at least in part cased, sheathed or armored With another composition'of greater hardness and higher resistance to wear. The invention also comprises novelcompositions useful for 'producing casings or armor of'the kind men-. tioned on track members and other members subjected to similar service.v V
The material for railway rails, frogs, switches and crossings, should have the strength and toughness necessary in struc-v tural members together with eat hardness and resistance to wear to ena le it to withstand the abrasion and pounding to which it is subjected by the rolling stock. No single material has been found which combines these qualities with suflicient cheapness and workability, and a fairly high carbon steel has been universally adopted as a compromise. While surface deterioration necessitates expensive replacements, failure of the body of the rail by fracture is'apt to cause disastrous accidents. For
I 85 this reason the carbon content has been limited to prevent any dangerous brittleness and the great majority of rail troubles are a matter of mere surface deterioration.
I Several expedients have been proposed for 40 producing composite track members having body and surface portions particularly adapted to their respective special requirements. The restoration of wearing surfaces Which had been more or less damaged, by 4 providing a new surface of a material particularly fitted to withstand surface wear,
I has been of much interest, and thepossibility of filling in or building up the worn surfaces with a suitable metal fused by the electric are or by the blow-torch has attracted special attention. The present inventionrelates to processes of-this nature. For .the sake of brevity, metal which is deposited in molten form on a member for the purpose described will be referred to as added metal, while the material of the member which receives such addition will be termed the base metal.
Steel of higher carbon content than the body of' the rail has been tried as added metal, but the increased carbon makes its deposition in homogeneous form a diflicult matter. Furthermore, in carbon steels, the brittleness increases with hardness, so that While deterioration by deformation or abrasion may be reduced, deterioration by spawlin-g, chipping and cracking becomes a serious objection. I
It has also been proposed to usea manganese steel containing, say, 14% of manganese for such purposes. This also has not proved entirely satisfactory, for while manganese steel is highly resistant to wear under certain conditions, a heat-treatment is necessary to develop this property and if the appropriate heat-treatment is applied to the added manganese steel, the body of the rail, being carbon steel, is rendered dangerously brittle. Furthermore, manganese steel is not hard enough to resist in a wholly satisfactory manner such impacts as certain kinds of track members receive. Another difficulty experienced when manganese steel is used as the added metal is explained by the fact that steels containing certain percentages of manganese, less than the manganese content of the added material, have properties which render them unfit for use in any part of a rail. or the like, and these undesired compositions may be formed at the junctureof the added and base metals, due to dilution of the manganesecontent of the added metal by the superficially fused base.
'I have found that a better casing or armoring material for worn or new track members or the like may be produced by using chromium as a hardening agent in the v steel added, a considerable amount of carbon being also incorporated. The chromium content should preferably be not much below 1.0% and may be increased to 3.0% or more. The carbon content may be as much as 1.0%, but it is preferred to keep the carbon at a considerably lower figure and to secure the necessary hardness and toughness by suitable additions of chromium. F urthermore, I have found that a reciprocal relation between the carbon and chromium ios percentages gives thebest results, this relation being sufiiciently illustrated by the following examples:
lit themaximum chromium addition (about 3%) is used, the carbon should pref- 'erably not exceed 0.5%; while if the carbon is as low as 0.2%, the chromium content should be between1.5-3.0%. With a carbon content approaching the maximum (for example 1%), the chromium should preterably not exceed 1.5%. My preferred chromium range is from .75% to 1.50% with carbon between 0.2% and 0.6%.
y 1 also find it desirable to include a considerable quantity of silicon in the metal which is tobe melted andbuilt up on the in welding operations. The manganese content of the welding metal may be from .50%
to 1.75% and the silicon from .3%' to 1.50%. Excellent results have been obtained with manganese between .80% and 1.0%, and sili-' con between'.50% and .75%. In general, a part of the manganese. will persist in the filled-in metal, where it probably has a favorable action as an alloyed constituent.
The best results appear to be obtained when the percentage of manganese is somewhat greater than the percentage of silicon, for example, approximately in the ratio'of 1.5
' or 2 to 1.
A filling metal having carbon 0.35% to 0.415%, chromium 1.0% to 1.2%, silicon 0.5%
to 0.6% and manganese 0.9% to 1.1%, has
given excellent results.
The chromium-containing compositions disclosed herein produce a case or armor which in hardness, toughness, and resistance to wear, excels the carbon steel base on which it is laid. The added metal is free from the brittleness of carbon steels of comparable hardness, and is very much easier to manipulate. The chromium compositions are harder than the manganese steels which have been used for similar purposes, and therefore are less deformed by impact. They require no heat-treatment and form no compositions of undesirable properties with the base'metal.
While various specific compositions are described herein for purposes of illustration, it will be understood that the invention is subject to many modifications in accordance with the principles disclosed, and is only limited by the appended claims.
Welding rods or the like comprising alloys of the type disclosed herein are described and claimed in .my application Serial No. 690,089, filed February 1, 1924;.
ll claim:
1. A railwaytrack member comprising a steel base armored'with an alloy steel which,
without heat-treatment, is harder and more resistant to wear than said steel base.
2. The invention according to claim 1 in which the alloy steel of the armor contains a substantial amount of chromium.
8. The invention accordingto claim 1 in which the alloy steel of the armor contains a substantial amount of chromium, less than 3%.
4. The invention according to claim 1 in which the alloy steel of the armor contains between 0.75% and 1.50% of chromium and between 0.2% and 0.6% of carbon.
In testimony whereof,-l afiix my signature.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1511111A true US1511111A (en) | 1924-10-07 |
Family
ID=3407402
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US1511111D Expired - Lifetime US1511111A (en) | Composite railway-track member |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US1511111A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3631809A (en) * | 1968-06-26 | 1972-01-04 | Tracked Hovercraft Ltd | Linear induction motor bail |
US4389015A (en) * | 1979-07-11 | 1983-06-21 | Elektro-Thermit Gmbh | Corrugation-free rail |
-
0
- US US1511111D patent/US1511111A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3631809A (en) * | 1968-06-26 | 1972-01-04 | Tracked Hovercraft Ltd | Linear induction motor bail |
US4389015A (en) * | 1979-07-11 | 1983-06-21 | Elektro-Thermit Gmbh | Corrugation-free rail |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CO5031263A1 (en) | STEEL OF HIGH STRENGTH OF VOLTAGE AND METHOD TO MANUFACTURE IT | |
US952877A (en) | Armor-plate. | |
CA2210797A1 (en) | Improvements in and relating to carbide-free bainitic steels and methods of producing such steels | |
KR850000040A (en) | Abrasion Resistant Material and Manufacturing Method Thereof | |
US4514235A (en) | Frog, in particular frog point, for rail crossing or rail switches as well as process for producing same | |
US1511111A (en) | Composite railway-track member | |
EP2247764A1 (en) | Rail steel with an excellent combination of wear properties and rolling contact fatigue resistance | |
GB2132525A (en) | Wear part with high wear strength | |
AU2013213544A1 (en) | Steel for producing parts for railway, railway crossings and switches and method for producing said parts | |
US1876411A (en) | of columbus | |
US1974115A (en) | Alloy steel railway track member | |
US2050043A (en) | Weld rod | |
DE2712994A1 (en) | Copper-manganese alloy filler rod - for MIG welding ferrous and non-ferrous metals (OE 15.1.78) | |
HU190139B (en) | Method for producing steel frog particularly frog point for railway crossings or switches | |
US2283916A (en) | Welding | |
US2081394A (en) | Weld rod | |
CA2310521C (en) | Pearlitic steel railroad rail | |
CN105779840A (en) | Diamond and Fe-based metal composite casting, diamond and double-Fe-based-alloy composite casting and preparation method of diamond and double-Fe-based-alloy composite casting | |
Schetky et al. | Copper-containing Steels for Severe Service | |
US1762871A (en) | Welding alloy | |
CA1182722A (en) | Castings | |
US2116273A (en) | Aluminium alloy | |
US2236149A (en) | Welding rod | |
US1671572A (en) | Hard-alloy-steel process | |
US1700810A (en) | Composite railway-track member |