US1498074A - Swivel loom - Google Patents

Description

June 7, 1924.

' w. CRUTCHLOW SWIVEL LOOM' Filed June 3, 1932 5 Sheets-Sheet I ATTORNEY.

June 17, 1924. 1,498,074

W. CRUTCHLOW SWIVEL LOOM Filed June 3, 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet WIII/ 6 Jun 17 1924. 1,498,074

W. CRUTCHLOW SWIVEL 1.00M

Filed June 3. ,1922 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Hum/Ton, WK orm QYuTcMc ATTORNEY latented June 17, 1924i.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM ORUTGHLOW, OF PATE'RSON, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR Ti) ARTHUR & WAL- TER PRICE, INC., 015 PATERSON, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

SWIVEL LOOM.

Application filed June 3, 1922. Serial No. 565,644.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, l/ViLLiAM CRUTGHLOW,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Paterson, in the county of Passaic and State 5 of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Swivel Looms, of which the followingis a specification.

This invention relates to looms of the class known as swivel looms that is, looms in which there are a main or fly-shuttle which carries the ground filling. through the ground sheds and so-called swivel shuttles which at times, when called, are depressed between spaced portions of the top of the shed and then passed through thespecial or minor sheds thus formed to lay a figure filling therein. In the particular loom here in set forth by way of example, when the figures are being developed by the swivel shuttles being in action, the picks of the swivel and fly-shuttles alternate, pick for pick, of the loom, so that there will be a binding in of every swivel pick by an ensuing main or fly-shuttle pick.

Swivel looms as heretofore proposed have been unduly complicated, weak in construction and uncertain and unreliable in operation in respect to the mechanism including and having to do with the operatlons of the swivel shuttles. It is one of the principal objects of this invention to overcome these difficulties. Another principal object is to provide novel means for shifting the swivel batten laterally so as to work in figures which are either staggered or the pattern of which extends further to right or left at one point in the length of the goods than it does at another.

In the drawings,

Fig. l is a side elevation of the improved loom; I

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2,2, Fig. 1, looking from the rear;

Fig. 3 is a section on substantially the line 3-3, Fig. 1, looking down; I

Fig. l is a front elevation of the batten structure Fig. 5'is a plan thereof; 7

Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the upper portion of the carrier frame for the swivel batten or rail; 1

Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional View of the swivel batten;

Fig.8 shows the coupling means, and Fig.

9 shows the mutilatedpinion'of such coupling means;

. Figs. 10, 11 and 12 show certain and I r Fig. 13 shows the stop wheel and its coacting lever. I

The lay-swords a carrying the main la or batten b and fulcrumed in the frame at o are connected with the cranks on the crank shaft (Z in the usual way. vBy the usual connections 6 thepicker sticks f are actuated from the picking levers 9. There are of course a picker stick and a picking lever at each side of the loom. The picking levers and consequently both picker sticks act on each pick of the loom (when the loom is weaving plain, or without figures) but only that picker stick'operates to throw the shuttle which finds the shuttle (i. e., the fly-shuttle f) at its side of the cams;

loom, which of course conforms to a well known operation. For actuating the picking levers there is the tappet shaft h which is rotated from the crank shaft (Z by theusual two-to-one gearing 2' 7' shown, said shaft it having on each end diametrically opposite arms or tappets 76 having rollers Z1 which impinge against picking shoes [arranged weave the figure the swivel shuttles remain in action during av period represented by a number of picks of the loom, but in order to'bind in the swivel shuttle filling the flyshuttle is thrown in alternation, in the present example oneto-one (according to the usual operation), with. the movements of the swivel shuttles, and as will appear the rocking of the shoes Z out of the plane of the tappets 70 occurs once for every revolution of the shaft ]L, that is, on every revolution they are moved first out of the path of one corresponding pair of tappets and then into the path of e other, alternately.

In suitabl guides 0 on the back of the layswords a slide a pair of rods 9 which at the top support two forwardly and downwardly projecting brackets g which in turn have af-. fixed to their free ends (Fig. 6) a horizontal strip 1 provided with longitudinal slots 1". The parts p, g, 1* form a carrier frame for the swivel batten that is normally depressed by gravity, its downward limit of movement being determined by contact of adjustable collars p on the rods with the guides 0. The brackets g are formed by light strips, and in order that theswivel batten may find itself properly positioned and steadied at the end of its downward movement, notwithstanding its inertia incident to such downward movement, there may he stops 8 on said brackets to impinge the top of, the reed-cap b on the batten b. The swivel batten 2, has at the back a pair of headed studs a received by'the'slots r in the strip 1' so that as will appear it may be shifted to right or left in the carrier frame; it has spaced depending shuttle blocks a in "which travel horizontally the swivel shuttles 10, they being adapted to be driven by pini'ons journaled in the blocks and meshing with the shuttles and with a rack 3 arranged to slide horizontally in the swivel batten. (az', Figs. 1 and 2', is simply a clip' secured on the reedcap'and reaching over and down in front of the swivel batten to prevent its movement forwardly, due to some flexibility in the brackets q).

The carrier frame is adapted to be elevated by a lever a, which is fulcrumed in a stand'2 at the back of the frame, through a flexible connection 3 which extends up over a pulley 4 ournaled in the frame and is then divided, one division 3" being connected to the near rod 29 and the other division 3 extending across the loom to and around a pulley 4E and then connected to the other rod 7). The rack is adapted to be reciprocated from a pair of reversely oscillating levers 5, which are fulcrumed in stands 6, at the back of the loom, through crossed flexible connections 7 which extend around pulleys or guiding devices 8 journaled in a strip 9 arranged to slide horizontally in guides 10 on the back of the reed-cap; since the swivel batten is adapted to be shifted horizontally, as explained, the pulleys 8' should shift with it, and this as will appear is accomplished by shifting the strip 9 in unison with the swivel batten.

The shifting of the picking shoes, th de pressing of the lever z and the alternate depressing of the levers 5 are accomplished by the rotation of a shaft 11 journaled in the front part of the loom and whichcarries a double' acting cam 12 (F ig. 10) against whiclr'lever 2 bears, reverse" but conforming cams 13 (Fig. 11) against which suitable rollers on the levers 5 bear and a double acting cam 14 (Fig. 12) against which bears a roller 15' on a lever 15, which is held against this cam by a spring16 and is connected with a crank 17 on the right-hand rock shaft m by a link 18, a bell crank lever 19 and a link 20.

Shaft 11 and its cams form part of a moving system, including with the same the three intermeshing and equal gears 21, that is adapted to be coupled with shaft h to rotate inunison therewith, as follows: On shaft h is splined a multilated pinion '22 slidable into and out of mesh with the nearest gear 21. Its periphery is received by the forked end of a lever 23 which is fulcrumed in the side of the loom and has two opposit v arms 23" each of which is adapted to be connected as by the wire 23 with suitable means in a pattern mechanism for exerting a pull thereon, with the result that the lever will be shifted one way to engage the pinion. with the gear and the other way to clear it therefrom, such engagement and disengagement (or at least the former) taking place when the blank in the pinions toothed periphery is presented to the gear. (The pattern mechanism is not shown because any well known pattern mechanism, such as th Jacquard or dobby of the loom, will serve). A spring pawl 24, by engaging in the notches of a disk 25 on the lever, will insure the positioning of the same at either limit of movenient until actuated by the pattern mechanism; as a serious smash would occur if the pinion could work sidewise out of mesh with the gear when driving the same (because the operation of the swivel shuttle mechanism as a whole would stop, in situ, leaving the fiy-shuttle to be operated on the next pick with the m in thatcondition) I prefer to prevent this positively by prO- V viding a guard flange 22 extending peripherally therearound as far as its teeth extend, the same being. adapted to overlap the gear at the inside (Figs; 3 and 9).

The ratio of the pinion 22 to the gears 21, and consequently of shaft 72 to ,shaft 11, is as 1 to 2'. The means including shaft 11 and its cams in fact performs the same operations twice in each revolution thereof, i. e., the shifting of the picking shoes to inactive position, the depression of the swivel batten and the traverse (first one way and then the other) of the swivel shuttles. Each time, upon its performing these three functions, i. e., at the end of each half revolution thereof or a full revolution of shaft 71, it is held at dwell by the lever 26', which is held by a spring 27 pressing down against two diametric pins 28 on a stop-wheel 28 (Figs. 3' and 13).

Figs. 2, 4:" and 5' show the means for shifting laterally the position of the. swivel batten and the strip 9 carrying the pulley-s 8 for the flexible connections of the rack travlth) ersing mechanism. On the'end of the batten 6 is journaled a ratchet wheel 29 having a peripherally notched stop-wheel 30 against which is held a spring-pressed holding pawl 31. This ratchet wheel has a crank 32 which is connected to the swivel batten and strip 9 by the links 32 and 32. It is picked around at times by the pawl 33 carried by a lever 34: that is spring-held retracted and adapted to be actuated to cause the pawl to advance the ratchet through a flexible connection 35 connected to some moving element of the mentioned pattern mechanism.

The operation is as follows: During plain weaving the coupling member 22 occupies the position of Fig. 3, wherefore on every pick of the loom (or in the present case and as usual on every half-revolution of shaft h) the devices Z remain in working position and so the fly shuttle is thrown one way or the other on every pick. When the weaving of the figure is to begin the pattern mechanism, through connection 23", shifts the coupling member into the plane of the gearing 21; this occurs just after a pair of the tapp'ets (i. e., the pair which is at the right of shaft h in Fig. 1) has, by depressing the levers g, caused the throwing of the fly-shuttle across the loom, and when the blank in the periphery of said member 22 is presented to the nearest gear 21. Thereafter, so. long as the coupling member retains the position last assumed, on every alternate pick of the loom all the mechanism controlledby the cams on cam-shaft 11 is actuated and on the remaining picks the fly-shuttle is thrown; otherwise stated, first said mechanism is actuated and then the shuttle thrown during each revolution of shaft h. Each half-revorier frame to fall to bring the swivel shut tles down into working position between the tops of the minor or figure sheds, returnln it after the swivel shuttles have traversec said sheds; and one or the other of the cams 13 causes said swivel shuttles to traverse the sheds.

The idling blank in the coupling member 22 not only permits freely shifting it into the plane of the gearing 21 but isaccountable for producing the mentioned dwell in the driving of the swivel mechanism. Moreover, the constantly going mechanism .in-' cluding the shaft it IS reheved of the load thereon of the intermittently going'mech anisni, represented by gearing 21, shaft- 11 and all the parts its camsactuate, every time the fly-shuttle is thrown during swivel weaving, since the connection between the two mechanisms is 'disestablished at that time by the presence of the blank in the periphery of the coupling member adjacent the gearing 21; thus the constantly going mechanism works'in picking the fly-shuttle under the same load when swivel weaving is going on as when plain weaving is proceecling.

The swivel batten it will be noted, is not positively depressed, but falls by its own weight when released by the cam 12. This is an advantage over ordinary swivel looms because it avoids destruction of all those warps which are in the way of the shuttle blocks on the swivel batten if, through a mistiming of the operations of the loom, the swivel batten should descend when the shed is open for plain weaving. I

Ordinarily, the movements of the swivelshuttle actuating rack are effected by vertical rocking crank shafts connected by links to the rack. This involves lost-motion, added weight, and complication of mecha nism, all of which I avoid by the crossed flexible connections 7 and their guiding devices 8 which are well adapted to perform their particular function notwithstanding the movements of the batten and the fact that they are actuated by means which 00- cupies a fixed position in the loom, and notwithstanding also the fact that the swivel batten is at times shifted laterally.

All adjustmentaffecting the timing of I the parts having to do with or incidental to swivel weaving may readily be effected because thecams 12, 13 and 14 are arranged on shaft (11) independent of shaft 72; and

'are placed in the forward part ofthe loom so that said cams are readily accessible and the cams 12 and 13 operate substantially directly in effecting the movements of the swivel batten and swivel shuttles. It 18 not new in swivel looms to shift the swivel batten laterally. But such shifting has heretofore contemplated only the placing of the figures in staggered relation, the swivel batten for this purpose having only two working positions-one at each of its limits of movement. In my loom the swivel batten is controlled by means which moves it step by'step from one limit to the other each time establishing it in a working position. This permits the figure to be developed gradually laterally one way or the other and so makes it possible to produce a figure which has an overall width equal to the full range of movement of the swivel batten plus the width of the minor sheds. It will be understood that the shifting of the swivel batten in ordinary swivel looms takes place between the intervals of figure or swivel weaving. Inmy loom it takes place during swivel weaving. But it may in my loom also be made to take place between the swivel weaving intervals for the purpose of merely staggering the figures, as in ordinary looms, or of both staggering. and to a certain extent developing each figure laterally one way or the other.

Having'thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In a swivel loom, the combination of the frame, a batten structure movable back and forth therein, a pair of fiyshuttle picking means, a rotary system journaled in the frame and having said structure operatively connected therewith to be reciprocated thereby and also having rotary devices to actuate the. picking means, movement-imparting members movable into and out of movement-imparting relation to said devicesand picking means, another rotary system including a cam structure, means to couple the second system with the first system for rotation in unison therewith for varying periods, means, actuated from the'camstructure, to move said members out of and back into movement-impa rting relation to said devices and picking means, and means, also actuated from the cam structure, to weave in a figure filling.

2. In a swivel loom, the combination of the frame, a batten structure movable back and forth therein, means to reciprocate said structure including a rotating shaft, a pair of fly-shuttle picking means, a rotating shaft geared with'the first shaft and having devices thereon to actuate the picking means, movement-miparting members movable into and out of movement imparting relation to said devices and said picking means, a rotary system including a rotary cam structure, means to couple said system with one of said shafts for rotation 'in unison therewith, means, actuate-d from said cam structure, to move said members out of and back into movement-imparti'ng relation to said devices and picking means and means, also actuated from the cam structure, to weave in a figure filling.

In a swivel loom, the combination of the frame, a batten structure movable back and forth therein, means to reciprocate said structure including a rotary shaft back of the batten structure, a pair of fiy-shuttle picking means, a rotating shaft also back of the batten structure and geared with the first shaft and having device's thereon to actuate the picking means, movem'entdm'parting members movable into and out of movementimparting relation to said devices and said picking means, a rotary system including a rotary cam structure arranged forward of the second shaft, means to couple said system with one: of said shafts for rotation inunison therewith, means, actuated from said cam structure", to move said members out of and: back into movement-imparting relation to said devices and picking means, a swivelbatten-includingstructure movable up and down in the batten structure, a swivel shuttle movable in the swivel-battenincluding structure, and means totransmit motion from the cam. structure to the swivel-battenincl'uding structure and also to the swivel shuttle;

4a In a swivel loom, the combination of supporting means, a pair of fiy-shuttle picking means, constantly rotating means to actuate the picking means at regular intervals, mechanism to weave in a figure filling, and rotating means to actuate said mechanism, the two rotatingmeans having gears intermeshing with each other one of which is; a coupling gear member shiftable into and out of intergeared relation to the other and having an idling blank in its gear surface;

5. In a swivel loom, the combination of supporting means, a pair of fly-shuttle picking means, constantly rotating means to actuate the picking means at regular intervals, mechanism to weave-in a figure filling, means to actuate said mecl ran-ism including transmission gearing, and a coupling gear member revolving with but shiftabl'e on said constantly rotating means into and out of intergeared relation to said gearing and having an idling blank in its gear surface.

6, In a swivel looni, the combination of supporting means, a pair of fly-shuttle picking means, constantly rotating means having pairs: of devices to actuate in'each revolution thereof both said picking means twice, move merit-imparting members; movable into and out of movement-imparting relation to said devices and picking means, and mechanism to move said members out of and back into said relation on each revolution of said constantly rotating means and also weave in a figure filling, ,aid mechanism including rotating transmission means, the two rotating means having gears intermeshing with each other one of which is a coupling gear member shift-able into and out of intergeared relation to-the other and having an idling blank in its gear surface arranged to be presented to the other gear when one pair of said devices is rotatively positioned to actuate the picking means.

7. In a swivel loom, the combination of supporting means, a pair of fly-shuttle picking means, constantly rotating means having pairs of devices to actuate in each revolu'tion thereof both said picking means twice, movement-imparting members movable into and out of movement-imparting relation to said devices and picking means, mechanism to move said members out of and back into said relation on each revolution of said constantly rotatingmeans and also weave in a figure filling, said mechanism including transmission gearing, and a coupling gear member revolving with but shiftable on said constantly rotating means into and out of intergeared relation to said gearing and having an idling blank in its gear surface arranged to be presented to the gearing when one pair of said devices is rotatively positioned to actuate the picking means.

8. In a swivel loom, the combination of supporting means, a normally depressed batten-including structure guided by and movable up and down insaid means, a shuttle movable in said structure rotary actuating means journaled in the supporting means, means to transmit reciprocating movement from said actuating means to the shuttle, and back-and-forth-moving means actuated by said actuating means and arranged when moving in one direction to elevate said structure, said structure being free with respect to said last-named means when the same is moving in the other direction to remain more or less elevated.

9. In a loom, the combination of a supporting structure, a batten shiftable longitudinally in said structure, a shuttle movable back and forth longitudinally of and in the batten, a pair of guiding devices, a carrying member for said guiding devices shittable in said structure longitudinallyof the batten, means to cause said batten and member to move back and forth together, and mechanism to move the shuttle including a member reciprocatory longitudinally of and in the batten, flexible connections attached to said last-named member and extending around said devices and means to exert pulls on said connections alternately and in relatively opposite directions. I

10. In a loom, the combination of a supporting structure, means on the supporting structure to convey ground filling through the warp sheds as they are formed, a swivel batten having laterally spaced swivel shuttle guiding portions adapted to receive between them the minor warp sheds as they are formed, a swivel shuttle movable from one to the other of said guiding portions and through the minor warp sheds, said swivel batten being movable longitudinally thereof, a rotary member journaled in said structure, a motion transmitting connection between the batten and an eccentric point of said member, and means to rotate said member step by step.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

WILLIAM ORUTGHLOW.

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