US1495785A - Cooling system - Google Patents

Description

may 27, 1924.

M. FINLEY ET AL.

COOLING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 1. 1, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 4/ awmw 01 THE/flay i l Brown.

&aa 27, 19240 T. M. FINLEY ET AL COOLING SYSTEM Original Filed Jan. 14, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 27, 1924. 1,495,785

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May 27, 192%. 1,495,785

T M. FINLEY ET AL COOLING SYSTEM Originl Filed Jan. 14 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 1,495,785 T. M. FINLEY ET AL I COOLING SYSTEM g a Filed'Jan. 14 1920 s Sheets-Sheet 5 ll. 1 .l

\ 4-H Hun Patented May 27, 1924.

THOMAS MILTON EIN'LEY A ALLW W. BROWN, OF 8'1. LOUIS, OURI.

Original application filed January 14, 1920, Serial No. 351,848. Divided and this application tiled January 14, 1920. Serial No. 351,348.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that THOMAS M. FINLEY and ALLEN W. BROWN, citizens of the United States, residing at St. Louis, in the county of St. Louis City and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cooling Systems, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a cooling system for engines and is a division of an application filed by us the 14th day of January, 1920, Serial No. 351,346.

The object of the present invention is to provide a simple, practical and efficient cooling system designed particularly for aeronautical internal combustion engines, and adapted also for use on various types of combustion engines, and capable of producing a double circulation of water through the cylinders of the engine from the bottom to the top of the cylinders and around the inlet and exhaust valves of the same for maintaining the cylinders at the desired temperature under various conditions of service.

A further object of the invention is to provide a cooling system of this character equipped with pumps arranged in pairs for forcing the water into the cylinders at the bottom at opposite sides thereof, and capable also of producing an eflicient circulation in event of one of the pumps becoming inoperative from any cause.

It is also an object of the invention to provide a cooling system which will not become steam locked and which will be equipped with an adjustable radiator adapted to be projected into an exposed position to a greater or less extent to produce the desired cooling action when the cooling system is employed on aeronautical engines.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction and novel combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the claims hereto appended, it being understood that various changes in the form, proportion, and minor details of construction within the scope of the claims may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings, in which like characters of reference designate corresponding parts in the several figures:

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of an aeronautical engine provided with a cooling system constructed in accordance with this invention.

Figure 2 is end elevation of the same.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view pf a portion of the engine, partly in elevaion.

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view illustrating the arrangement of the'adjustable radiator and the means for raising and lowering the same. 4 j

Figure 5 is an enlarged elevation illustrating the arrangement of the gearing for operating the pumps, parts being omitted for the sake of clearness.

Figure 6. is an enlarged horizontal sectional view of one of the cylinders.

Figure 7 is an enlarged vertical sectional view of the upper portion of the same.

In the accompanying drawings is illustrated the preferred embodiment of the invention in which the cooling system is shown applied to the tandem motor power unit of the aforesaid application. The tandem motor power unit comprises two engine sections arranged one in rear of the other and having means for taking the power from the engine sections centrally of the tandem motor power unit. The cooling system comprises in its construction rotary umps 1 arranged in pairs at the outer end s of the engine sections of the said tandem motor power unit to constitute a double circulatory cooling system, and the said pumps are connected at their discharge ends with side feed manifolds 2 extending along the engine sections at opposite sides of the cylinders 3 thereof near the lower ends of the same and connected at intervals throughout the length of the side water manifolds 2 with the said cylinders by horizontal branches 4. The horizontal branches 4 are provided at their attached terminals 5 with suitable attaching means secured to the sides of the cylinders at lower inlet openings 6 which communicate with the water spaces 7 formed by coring the cylinders 3 and extending from the lower portion to the upper portion of each cylinder and around the inlet and exhaust valves 8 and 9 of the said cylinders. The water spaces 7 which extend around the inlou . sides circulates aroun lot and exhaust valves at the sides and or portions thereof, are adapted to cause the water circulating through the cylinders to maintain the valves in a cool condition. The cylinders are provided at their upper ends with outlet openings 10 and the water which is pumped into the c linders at opposite the cylinders and flows upward in the water spaces at opposite sides of the cylinders to the upper ends of the same and flows around the inlet and exhaust valves and passes out of the cylinders through the said top openings 10 Into a top manifold 11. The top manifold Hextends longitudinally of the engme sections of the tandem motor power unit and tapers outwardly as clearly illustrated in Figure 3 of the drawings, and it is provided at Intervals with branches 12. The top manifold gradually increases in diameter as itrecedes from the outer end of the engine section to afiord suficient space for the ncrease in the volume of water with the increase oi the number of branches leading from the upper ends of the cylinders to the body portion of the top manifold.

The two top manifolds 11 of the front and rear engine sections of the tandem motor power unit are connected. at their inner enlarged ends with a vertically adjustable radiator 13 by flexible tubes 14 so that the water after leaving the cylinders of the ens-inc sections circulates through the vertically adjustable radiator 13, which may be of any desired construction, as will be readily understood. The vertically adjustable radiator 13 is mounted for vertical movement in guides 15 suitably secured at their lower ends to and extending upwardly from the cylindrical casing or housing 16 of the said tandem motor power unit and provided with side flanges 17 extending inwardly and slidably receiving the side portions of the vertically adjustable radiator 13. The vertical guides 15 are provided at their lower ends with attaching portions 18 which conform to the configuration of the casing or housing of the coupling gearing of the said tandem motor power unit.

The radiator 13 is adjustably supported upon a transverse rod or member 19 designed to be either separate from or constltute a portion of the adjustable radiator, but by arranging the adjustable radiator upon the transverse supporting bar or member 19 it may be readily removed'from its mountings without afiecting the adjusting means or necessitating the removal of the same. The transverse supporting rod or member extends through and is vertically movable in vertical slots or openings 20, and it is provided at its ends with eyes 21 to which are suitably secured ropes or cables $22 or other suitable flexible connections weaves which extend upwardly from the supporting bar or member to overhead pulleys 23 and then downwardly to rotary drums 24. The ropes or cables 22 may be connected with the adjustable radiator in any other desired manner, and various forms of operating means may be employed for raising and lowering the radiator to produce the desired cooling ellect on the water circulating through it and through the cylinders of the engine sections.

The drums 24am mountcdon horizontal shafts 25 journaled in suitable bearings of the guides 15 at their inner ends and in bearing brackets 26 at their outer ends or portions. The outer terminals of the horizontal'shafts 25 are connected by vertical and horizontal bevel gears 27 and 28 with the upper ends of side vertical shafts 29 journaled in suitable bearings of the brackets 26 at their upper portions and at their lower portions in brackets 30 secured to the lower portion of the casing or housing of the coupling gearing at opposite sides thereof. The side vertical shafts 29 are also con nected at their lower ends with the upper ends of oppositely inclined shafts 31 by bevel gears 32 and 33, and the said lower inclined shafts are journaled at their lower or inner ends in suitable bearings of a central bearing bracket 34 secured to the said casing or housing 16 at the bottom thereof. The lower ends of the inclined bottom shafts 31 are connected by bevel gears 35 and 36 with the upper end of a central vertical shaft 37 journal'ed at its upper end inthe bottom bracket 34 and provided at its lower end with a worm wheel 38 meshing with a worm 39 of a worm shaft or operating shaft 40. The lower portion of the central vertical shaft 37 is designed to be journaled in any suitable bearings and the worm shaft or operatin shaft 40 is provided with an operating evice 41 which may be in the form. or" a wheel, as shown, or any other equivalent device. Also, the operating means may extend to any convenient point in order that the radiator may be raised or lowered to suit conditions and requirements, and the worm gearing will lock the radiator in its adjustment. The extension or projection of the adjustable radiator is permitted by the flexible pipes or connections 14 -and will be required when the surrounding air is warm, and less exposure of the radiator will be required when the air is cold. The cold air oliers greater resistance to the passage of a flying machine than warm air, so that the cooling action of the adjustable radiator harmonizes with temperature conditions and will not materially affect or reduce the speed of a flying machine.

The water returns from the radiator to Bil ill)

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the pumps of the front and rear engine sections by side pipes 42 which are connected at their outer ends b suitable branches 43 with a pump manifol or connection 44 having a central coupling 45.

he pumps are rotated by the half-time gearing of the front and rear engine sections of the tandem motor power unit. The half-time gearing comprises a gear wheel 46 mounted on the outer end of the crank shaft 47 and meshing with an idler gear 48 located centrally above the crank shaft and mounted on a stub shaft 49 and connected with a pinion 50. The idler gear is preferably formed integral with the pinion 50, but the gear and pinion may be connected in any other desired manner and the pinion 50 meshes with cam shaft gears 51 and 52 located at opposite sides of the centrally, arranged pinion 50. The crank shaft gear and the idler gear 48 are of the same speed ratio, namely, one to one, and the speed ratio of the centrally arranged pinion 50 and the cam shaft gears 51 and 52 is one to two. This particular arrangement of gears enables smaller gears to be employed in half-time gearing and the noise and friction incident to such gearing are reduced to a minimum, while the durability and efliciency of the gearing are correspondingly increased with the decrease of the tooth speed. The cam shaft gear 52 meshes with a gear 53 mounted on the shaft 54 of one of the pumps and the gear 51 of the admission cam shaft meshes with an idler pinion 55 and the latter meshes with a gear 56 mounted on the shaft 57 of the other pump. The gear wheel 53 rotates in the direction of the arrow in Figure 5 of the drawings, its upper portion moving inwardly, and the gear 56 of the other pump shaft is rotated correspondingly, its upper portion moving inwardly owing to the employment of the idler gear 55. The gearing for operating the pumps and the cam shafts from the crank shaft is arranged within a sectional casin 58.

What is claimed is: Y

1. In a cooling system, the combination of a cylinder having a water space and provided at the lower portion with inlet openings and having an outlet opening at the top, a pair of pumps connected with the inlet openings for the circulation of water through the cylinder, aradiator connected with the cylinder at the top thereof, said cylinder being located between the pumps and the radiator, and a side return pipe extending along the engine and connected with the radiator and with both of the pumps.

2. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine having a set of cylinders provided with water spaces and having inlet openings at opposite sides at one end of the c linders, said cylinders being also rovidh with outlets, side manifolds having ranches connected with the inlet openings of the cylinders, a radiator located at one end of the set of cylinders, pumps located at the other end of the set of cylinders and connected with the manifolds, a side return pipe extending along the engine and connected with the radiator and with both pumps, and means for connecting the radiator with the cylinders.

3. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine having a set of cylinders provided with water spaces and having side inlet openings at the lower ends of the cylinders, the

latter being also provided at the top with outlet openings, side manifolds provided with branches arranged at intervals and connected with the inlet openings of the cylinder, a pair of pumps located at one end of the set of cylinders and connected with the side manifolds, a radiator located at the other end of the set of cylinders and cone nected with the top outlet openings of the same, and a side return pipe extending along the engine and connecting the radiator with the pair of pumps.

4. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine having a set of cylinders provided with air spaces, said cylinders being also provided at opposite sides of their upper ends with inlet openings and having centrally arranged top openings, side manifolds provided at intervals with branches connected with inlet openings of the cylinders, a radiator located at one end of the set of cylinders, a pair of pumps located at the other end of the set of cylinders and connected with the side manifolds, a centrally arranged to manifold connected with the radiator an with the top outlet openin s,

and side return pipes extending along t e engine at opposite sides thereof and connecting the radiator with the pumps.

5. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided with a set of cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with lower inlet 0 enings and having top outlet openings, a side manifold connected with the lower inlet openings, a top manifold connected with the outlet open ings, a radiator located at one end of the set of cylinders and connected with the to manifold, a pump located at the other en of the engine and connected with the side manifold, and a return pipe extending along the set of cylinders from one end thereof to the other and connecting the radiator with the pump.

6. A cooling system for internal combustion engines including an adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and movable to project it beyond the engine to a greater or less degree and also to withdraw it into a position in rear of the (1 cylinders of the engine so as to be protected by the same.

7. in a cool ng svstem, the combination of an engine provided with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with lower side inlet 0 enings and having top outlet openings, sid e manifolds connected with the side inlet openings, a top manifold connected with the outlet openings, :1 pair of pumps located at one end of the engine and connected with the side manifolds, and a radiator located at the other end of the engine and carried b the same and connected with the top manlfold, said radiator being also connected with the said manifolds and the pumps.

8. In a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unit having front and rear engine sections provided with cylinders having Water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with lower side inlet openings and top outlet openings, side manifolds connected with the inlet openings, top manifolds connected with the outlet openings, a radiator located between the front and rear engine sections and connected with thetop manifolds, pumps arranged in pairs at the outer ends of the engine sections and connected with the side manifolds, and means for connecting the radiator with the pumps.

9. In a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unit having front and rear engine sections provided with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders having lower inlet openings and top outlet openings, a radiator located between the engine sections, side manifolds connected with the inlet openings, top manifolds connected with the outlet openin 's and with the radiator, and pumps located at the outer ends of the engine sections and connected with the side manifolds.

10. in a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided with cylinders ha ing water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with inlet and outlet openings, 21 top manifold connected with the outlet openings, an adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and movable to project it beyond the engine to'a greater or less degree, and also to withdraw it into a position in rear of the cylinders oil the engine so as to be protected by the same,

and flexible means for connecting the radiator with the top manifold.

11. in accooling system, the combination of an engine provided with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with inlet and outlet openings, a manifold connected with the outlet openings, an adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine, flexible means for connecting the radiator with the said manifold, and means for adjusting the radiator inwardly and outwardly to project it see beyond the engine and also to withdraw it to a position in rear of cylinders of the engine so as to be protected by the same.

12. in a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unit havin front and rear engine sections provided with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with inlet and outlet openings, manifolds connected with the outlet openings, a radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and located between the engine sections and adjustable inwardly and outwardl flexible means for connecting the manitolds with the radiator, and means for circulating water through the cylinders and the radiator.

13. in a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unit having front and rear engine sections and provided with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with lower inlet openings and top outlet openings, top manifolds connected with the outlet openings, side manifolds connected with the inlet openings, pumps located at the outer ends of the engine sections and connected with the side manifolds, a radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and located between the engine sections and connected with the top manifolds,and means for adjusting the radiator upwardly and downwardly to reject it to a greater or less extent beyon the engine sections.

it. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also pro- J vided with inlet and outlet openings, a manitold connected with the outlet openings, a radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and connected with the manifold,

guides receiving the radiator, and means for moving the radiator inwardly and outwardly in the guides to project it beyond the engine and also to withdraw it to a position in rear of cylinders of the engine so as to be protected by the same.

315. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with inlet and outlet openings, an adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and connected with the outlet openings, and means for adjusting the radiator inwardly and outwardly to project it beyond the engine and also to withdraw it to a position in rear of cylinders off the engine so as to be protected by the same.

16. lin a coolin s stem, the combination of an engine provide with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with inlet and outlet openings, a ver= tically adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and connected with the outlet openings, guides receiving the radiator, separate means located at the guides and connected with the radiator for raising and lowering the same, and an operating device common to the sand means for simultaneously actuating the same to project the radiator beyond'the engine and to withdraw it into a position in rear of cylinders of the engine so as to be protected by the same. I

17. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with inlet and outlet openings, a vertically adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and connected with the outlet openings, vertical guides located at opposite sides of the engine and receiving the radiator, drums arranged at opposite sides of the engine and having flexible connections connected with the radiator, means for guiding the said flexible connections, and means having a common operating device for rotating the said drums to project the radiator beyond the engine and to withdraw it into a position in rear of cylinders of the engine so as to be protected by the same.

18. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine provided with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with inlet and outlet openings, a vertically adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and connected with the outlet openings, means including drums and flexible connections located at opposite sides of the radiator for raising and lowering the same, an operating shaft, angularly related shafts extending from the operating shaft to the drums, and gears connecting the shafts to project the radiator beyond the engine and to withdraw it into a position in rear of cylinders of the engine so as to be protected by the same.

19. In a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unit having front and rear engine sections provided with cylinders having water spaces, said cylinders oeing also provided with inlet and outlet openings, a vertically adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and located between the engine sections and connected with the outlet openings, guiding means for the radiator, hoisting devices located at opposite sides of the radiator, and connected with the same, an operating device, and means for transmitting motion from the operating device to the hoisting devices.

20. In a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unit having front and rear engine sections provided with cylinders having Water spaces, said cylinders being also provided with inlet and outlet openings, a vertically adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and located between the engine sections and connected with the outlet openings, guiding means located at opposite sides of the radiator and receiving the same, a supporting member receiving the radiator and extending across the space between the guiding means, and means connected with the ends of the supporting member for raising and lowering the radiator.

21. In a cooling system, the combination of a tandem motor power unit having front and rear enginev sections provided with cyl inders, said cylinders having water spaces and provided with inlet and outlet openings. a vertically adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and located between the engine sections and connected with the outlet openings, guides located at opposite sides of and receiving the radiator, a supporting member carrying the radiator and also guided by the said guides, and means connected with the supporting member for raising and lowering the radiator.

22. In a cooling system, the combination of an engine having cylinders provided with water spaces, said cylinders-being also provided with inlet and outlet openings, a vertically adjustable radiator mounted upon and carried by the engine and connected with the outlet openings, vertical guides receiving the radiator and provided with slots. a supporting member extending through the slots and carrying the radiator, and means connected with the ends of the supporting member for raisingand lowering the radiator to project the radiator beyond the engine and to Withdraw it into a position in rear of cylinders of the engine so as to be protected by the same.

In testimony whereof we afiix our signatures.

THOMAS MILTON FINLEY. ALLEN W. BROWN.

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