US1491651A - Crankless engine - Google Patents

Description

'AQLGSE pril 22 1924.

A. A. WILTON VAN REEDE, CORNELISZOON CRANKLESS ENGINE l -Filed Deo. l. 1921 e w @m E. Ff

Patented Apr. 22, 1 924.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFFmE.

ADRIANUS ANTHONY WILTON` VAN IRIEEDE,v COB-iNELISZOON, vOF SCHIEDAM,

. NETHERLANDS. I

CRANKLESS ENGINE.

Application med December l, 1921. Serielle. 519,282,

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, ADRIANUS ANTHONY WILToN VAN REEDE, CoRNnnIszooN, a subject of the Queen of the Netherlands, residing at 5 Schiedam, Netherlands, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Crankless Engines, of which the following is a specification. i

The invention relates to an engine, vhaving its cylinders arranged parallel to its .main

shaft and pistons moving to and fro in said cylinders, the pistons being in permanent contactwith a disc secured to the shaft in such a manner that the axis of the shaft is l5 not perpendicular to the plane of the disc but forms other than a right angle therewith, the disc being secured to a back-plate rigidly affixed tothe shaft.

In consequence of the pressure exerted by the pistons upon said inclined disc henceforth, called the swash plate, the latter is forced to turn round, if the cylinders re main stationary.

Similar engines are built so that the rigid disc, placed obliquely and servingas a support for the pistons, .having a reciprocating motion in their respective cylinders, and

placed at both sides of said disc and parallel Y slde of the swash plate, being connected by 3o to the axis of rotation of the mxain shaft.

In order to prevent said pistons 'from losing contact with the disc or swash plate, each two opposed pistons. are connected to each other outside the disc.

Evidently thisconstruction requires good workmanship and the slightest amount of lay, caused by wear or other causes, has to e corrected immediately. This construc-` tion requires continuous and careful supervision.

The fact that the parts to'be adjusted are not readily accessible, increases the troubles enumerated.

This invention avoids all these diiiculties by having the pistons arrangedin such a manner that they abut quite free against the swash plate but cannot lose contact with it because each piston, at the end opposite to that in contact with the swash plate, fits in a spacein which such a pressure can be `ven that the piston -will always be ad- ]acent to the swash plate.

The pistons being continuously pressed against the oblique isc, wear of thls part,

body mounted upon `the shaft consists of a,

most exposed to friction, will not cause any play. f

The invention furthermore relates to a device procuring a simple and eiicient means for one end of the piston to touch the oblique disc. To this end, each piston is provided with a loose head rotatably movable and guided inside the piston and having an obh ue face corresponding with thev Obliquity of thel swash plate.

The requisite pressure in the chamber,

fitting the tail end of the piston can, accord- 1 ing to the invention, be obtained by making a passage from this chamber to the cushion chamber of one of the other cylinders. In

this way the compression pressure made by one piston may be, utilized to keep one of the other pistons in contact with the swash plate. In a special form of the'inventions realization, as a combustion engine, the portion of the piston, that registers with the cushion chamber, is of a smaller diameter than the portion that does the'work and,

'like this part, is made hollow and is provided with openings (18 in Fig. 1) in the wall; said openings connecting the inside of the piston with the combustion chamber during the end of the stroke, whilethat portion of the cylinder which is situated at the ports, with the inside of the piston serves the purpose of a pumping chamber for the scavenging and combustion air or for the mixture of fuel and air or the like. l

In the accompanying drawings the invention has been further shown and explained, in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a plane of theaxis of an engine according to the invention. 4 y

with the cylinders 1 but being of smaller diameter. The extension 4 is provided with a centre iece 6.

In the ottom 3 and centre piece 6 and in v sponding chamber and the other portion having 'of smaller diameter registers with a corresponding smaller bore vof. a corresponding cylinder.

The pistons are hollow but the portion near the swash plate 10 is separated from the rest by a partition 12 and is open at its head. The space, thus formed carries a stem 18, 'ournalled in ball bearings and a ea'd 14 outside` of said space, the face of said head being bevelled, so as to register with'and rest against;l the face of the swash plate 10. r

The space 15, situated at the side near the swash plate 10, is'. intended for the suction yand first compression ofthe mixture of fuel and air. To this end, the cylinder wall isl provided with an inlet16, which can 'be connected to the piping of a carburetor, the situation or position being such that during the compression stage, no gas can pa'ss back to the carburetor. The cylindrical space 15 communicates With the inside of the hollow piston by means of apertures 17, while similar apertures 18 are provided in the other reduced portion 'of the piston.

The combustion and expansion space proper 19, is provided with outlet ports r20 in the usual manner.

The apertures 18 are so positioned that they connect the inside of the piston, which contains the first compressed mixture, with the combustion chamber 19, after the outlet ports having been. opened `so' far that an equalizatism has taken place.

The mixture then enters into the combustion chamber 19 and scavenges the products o'f combustion towards the outlet port 20.

At the return stroke of the piston, the

apertures 18 will be closed and, then alsol the outlet ports, so that the second compression starts in after which, ignition, combustion and expansion will follow.

The pressures occuring in the cylinders and the forces accompanying the alternati ng speeds of the pistons, will not always give a resultant in the direction towards the swash late 10 and yet it is essential that the plstons should always abut the swash plate with some pressure.

The construction according to this invention provides for this by having mutualmeneer cation between chambers belonging to difl ferent pistons and also to a special press- Ning medium, so that the diminutionk of the space behind apiston may be utilized to press the pressing medium from this to another chamber With increasing space suchas one which the piston is on'its forward stroke.

Having now particularly described andv ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare'that what I claim to be my invention is:

LA crankless engine vcomprising cylinders positioned parallel to a shaft in the engine, reciprocating pistons in the cylinders and having both ends projecting thereyfrom, the pistons engaging at one end a swash plate positioned obliquely to, and secured on, said shaft, said pistons abutting said obliquely positioned plate, but being wholly detached from said plate, and being pressed thereto by pressure' applied at the other ends of said pistons said pressure being applied exterior to said cylinders.

2. .crankless engine having cylinders positioned parallel to a shaft of the engine, reciprocating pistons` therein, said pistons engaging at one end a swash plate positioned obliquely to, and secured to, said shaft, said pistons being wholly vdetached from said plate and held therea ainst-by pressure applied at the idle end o said pistons, said pressure beingetected by having a cushion chamber for one piston in communication with a similar chamber for another piston.

3. A crankless en 'ne comprising cylinders positioned para lel to a shaft in the engine,` reciprocatiner pistons in the cylinders, and having botli ends projecting therefrom, the pistons engaging at one end a` swash plate positioned obliquely to, 4 and secured on, said shaft, said pistons abutting Y said obliquely positioned plate, but being wholly detachedfrom said plate and being pressed ythereto by pressure app ie'd at the 'other ends of said pistons, in each piston, said other end of the piston .being made of smaller diameter than the piston proper, said end andthe remainder of the piston being hollow and provided with apertures in its wall, said apertures during the latter part of a stroke connecting the inside of the piston with the combustion chamber, v while the portion of the c linder adjoining the swash plate, serves t e purpose of a pumping chamber.

4. A crankless engine comprising cylinwholly detached from said plate, and being ders positioned parallel to a shaft in the pressed thereto by pressure, independent engine, reciprocating pistons in the cylinfrom that of the working charge, applied 10 ders, the pistons engaging at one end a. to said piston.

5 swash plate positioned obliquely to, and In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

secured on, said shaft, said pistons abutting ADRINUS ANTHONY WIL-[0N said obliqnely positioned plate, but being I t van REEDE, CORNELISZOON.

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