US1486641A - Charles h - Google Patents
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- US1486641A US1486641A US1486641DA US1486641A US 1486641 A US1486641 A US 1486641A US 1486641D A US1486641D A US 1486641DA US 1486641 A US1486641 A US 1486641A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- mandrel
- viscose
- film
- bath
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 60
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 210000001699 lower leg Anatomy 0.000 description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 230000001112 coagulant Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 210000003414 Extremities Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- XKUUMWKWUZRRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-amine;sulfuric acid Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.CCCCCC(C)[NH3+].CCCCCC(C)[NH3+] XKUUMWKWUZRRPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000001264 neutralization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 210000003746 Feathers Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 241000229754 Iva xanthiifolia Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011158 Prunus mume Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000002546 Prunus mume Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrogen ammonium sulphate Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004301 light adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/14—Dipping a core
Definitions
- This invention relates to improvements in the method of making self-affixing caps, such as are employed for enveloping the corked end of bottles containing fluids susceptible to evaporation; such as perfumes, ether, and even ordinary liquids.
- a mandrel of resistant material is dipped in a solution of cellulose xanthate (habitually known as so-called viscose) and, upon being withdrawn, it retains a film which is then set by a subsequent submersion in an appropriate coagulating solution, etc.
- the coagulated film is manually manipulated to detach it from the mandrel.
- the film is'still soft and rubber-like and has the shape of a, 'pouch.
- This sac-like article is, however, surrounded by a more or less ragged edge; resulting from the fact that, when the mandrel is drawn from the bath of viscose, the solution (being decidedly tenacious) tends to leave only a feather-edge which gradually in.-
- the present invention has for its object to produce a sac-like article, the rim of which will-be truly circular in a flat plane and which will be at least as thick as the material constituting the body-portion of the pouch; even to the extent of exhibiting a slight head, should that be desired.
- FIG. 1 represents a mandrel thrust into a viscose bath to coat it initially.
- Fig. 2 represents the mandrel immediately upon being withdrawn from the bath.
- Fig. 3 represents the mandrel inverted to equalize the distribution of the coating with the follower slightly raised to initially shape the edge of the cap.
- Fig. 4 shows the mandrel and follower submerged to fix the film.
- 5 represents the follower in its advanced position after having stripped the finished pouch from the'mandrel.
- a so-called stripper O is so mounted on an extension of the shank as to be adapted, preferably by mechanical means, to he slipped along the shank toward its end.
- This stripper C has a snug-fitting relation with.
- the em ryonic article on the mandrel is thereby given approximately its ultimate shape and dimensions and it is now in a state suitable for being hardened or gelatinized. This is accomplished by again inverting the mandrel and promptly thrusting it downwardly ifi to a suitable preliminary bat
- Coagulation of the viscose film can be brought about by solutions of neutral salts such as sodium chloride and the speed with which the coagulation occurs is dependent upon the concentration of the salt in the solution.
- neutral salts such as sodium chloride
- ammonium sulphate is satisfactory.
- this salt is used in part in its acid form, viz, hydrogen ammonium sulphate and in part as neutral ammonium sulphate, and the required acid to keep this bath at proper strength is added as required. Further, it is the practice to maintain 'a flow of the coagulating bath counter-current to the movement of the viscose caps through the bath. Thus thecaps in their progress through the bath keep meetshrinkage of the molded cap, generally in two dimensions, viz, length and thickness of film and always in one demension, viz, thickness shrinkage in diotwithstandingr.
- the sac-like article as it leaves the hardening bath, very completely envelops the end of the mandrel and is in close intimate contact therewith; so much so that it would be diflicult, at that stage, to remove it without breaking the film on account of the closeness of its adherence and. because of the formation of a vacuum at all internal points where the parts were somewhat separated. However, this removal is rendered possible by a peculiar action of the above-described acid bath.
- the stripping is now accomplished'after removingthe mandrel from the acid bath, by causin the follower or stripper C to advance al bng the shank 1 towards the head thereof.
- the follower while snugly encircling the shank, slides smoothly along it and functions, without unduly wrinkling or in any manner injuring the sac-like film thereon, to push it off the end of the mandrel as shown by Fig. 5.
- the detached caps at this stage, represent a considerable saving; not only in labor but likewise in material. They have no excess im erfect length that has to be sheared 0 and regarded as scrap.
- the longitudinal shrinkage alone (regardless of the undesirable feather edge) made it necessary to make initial submergence sufficiently deep to over-compensate for the longitudinal shrinkage; that being the only way of avoiding the pro duction of a certain number of too-short ca s.
- the ultimate shear- 0 step was depended upon to attain the length desired for the finished product. This loss is entirely avoided inthe present process.
- a de-sulphurizing bath consisting, for example, of sodium sulphite.
- the film is now washed again to free it from the sodium sulphite and is then ready for such further finishing operations as may be desired. For example, it may or may not be bleached and it may or may not be colored by the use of suitable d es.
- the caps are packed, while still moist, with some suitable preserver, such as formaldehyde, in suitable containers which are sealed to prevent evaporation and hardening so that the films will reach the ultimate user in their elastic condition. They are then in condition for immediate use; which merely requires that they be slipped over the corkedend of a bottle and permitted to dry; whereupon they shrink into place and pro duck the parchment-like covering habitually seen on bottles of perfumery and the like.
- viscose pouches which consists in first depositing on a mandrel a coating of fluid viscose; then accurately determining the location and thickness of the extreme edge of the fluid by pressing the fluid edge back somewhat with a follower; then with the follower in said osition effecting a coagulation of the coatconditions adapted to lessen the adhesion ing to produce a tenacious film; then debetween the film and the mandrel and then tachin the film from the mandrel. removing the film from the mandrel.
- T e art of making viscose caps which 8.
- the art of producingv viscose caps of consists in coating the end of a mandrel predetermined length without wastage with fluid viscose; then advancing a snug" which consists in dipping a mandrel havfitting follower along the shank of said ing a slidable shoulder in a bath to coat mandrel to determine the length of the cap it with fluid viscose; removing said mandrel then efiecting a coagulation of said viscose from said bath and inverting it to cause said under conditions to produce gas between fluid material to adhere to said shoulder; the film and the mandrel toreduce the adeffecting a coalescence of said coating under hesion; and then causing said follower to conditions producing suflicient free gas to' slide along the mandrel until the coagulated loosen the ca i on the mandrel; and then cap has been detachedfrom the mandrel. causing said
- predetermined length which consists in coat- In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe ing the end of a shouldered mandrel and the my name, as attested by the two subscribside-face of said shoulder with fluid viscose; ing witnesses.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Description
March 11 1924a 11,486,641
C.H.DASHER POUCH MAKING PROCESS Filed Dec. 2. 1.922
61 L b-0M4 013 Patented Mar. ll, l fit.
snare stat CHARLES H. DASHE, OF EAST ORANGE, NEVYJMSEY.
POUCH-MAKING- PROCESS.
Application filed December 2, 1922. I Serial Ito. 60l,569.
To all whom. it may coawern:
Be it known that 1, CHARLES H. DASHER, a citizen of theUnited States, and residing at East Orange, in the county of Essex and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and Improved Pouch-Making Process, of which the following specification is a full disclosure.
This invention relates to improvements in the method of making self-affixing caps, such as are employed for enveloping the corked end of bottles containing fluids susceptible to evaporation; such as perfumes, ether, and even ordinary liquids.
In the conventional method of making these caps, a mandrel of resistant material is dipped in a solution of cellulose xanthate (habitually known as so-called viscose) and, upon being withdrawn, it retains a film which is then set by a subsequent submersion in an appropriate coagulating solution, etc. In the course of the various subsequent steps,'the coagulated film is manually manipulated to detach it from the mandrel. The film is'still soft and rubber-like and has the shape of a, 'pouch. The open end of this sac-like article is, however, surrounded by a more or less ragged edge; resulting from the fact that, when the mandrel is drawn from the bath of viscose, the solution (being decidedly tenacious) tends to leave only a feather-edge which gradually in.-
creases in thickness as it merges with the major portion of the pouch. These thin ragged edges are objectionable in the finished article and therefore it is necessary to cut oil the extremity of the article before packing it for shipment. This entails loss of considerable material as scrap and it moreover consumes much time (which very materially increases the labor cost) and it likewise produces anedge which does not accurately coincide' with a radial plane inasmuch as the articlehas to be collapsed when cut.
The present invention has for its object to produce a sac-like article, the rim of which will-be truly circular in a flat plane and which will be at least as thick as the material constituting the body-portion of the pouch; even to the extent of exhibiting a slight head, should that be desired. An-
other aim of the invention i very materially toreduce the manufacturing cost by accomplishing a complete elimination of the present necessity for manually trimming the detached pouches prior to shipment, and also to efi'ect an elimination of much, if not all, of the manual manipulation heretofore required for the purpose of detaching the sacl1ke caps from the ends of the mandrels on which they are formed. This last-mentioned step has heretofore involved considerable time and trouble since it requires rather careful manipulation with the hands to roll back the feather-edge of the caps and theregy femove them, inside out, from the man- Other objects and advantages will be in part indicated in the following description I and in part rendered apparent therefrom in connection with the annexed drawings.
I To enable others skilled in the art so fully to apprehend the underlying features hereof that they may perform the same in the various way contemplated by this invention, drawings depicting a preferred typical mode of operation have been annexed as a part of this disclosure and, in such drawings, like characters of reference denote corresponding parts throughout all the views, of which Fig. 1 represents a mandrel thrust into a viscose bath to coat it initially. Fig. 2 represents the mandrel immediately upon being withdrawn from the bath. Fig. 3 represents the mandrel inverted to equalize the distribution of the coating with the follower slightly raised to initially shape the edge of the cap. Fig. 4 shows the mandrel and follower submerged to fix the film. Fig.
5 represents the follower in its advanced position after having stripped the finished pouch from the'mandrel.
In carrying out this im roved process, a highly polished mandrel having a truly cylindrical shank 1 terminate in an extremity 2 suitably contoured to ive the finished article its desired shape an dimensions, is thrust vertically downwards into a sufiiciently thick bath B of so-called viscose until the level of the liquid reaches a predetermined point on the shank of the mandrelf After allowing the mandrel to remain in place for a sufficient interval to permit the original level of the viscose to become restored, the mandrel is then withdrawn vertically. upwards out of the bath. llhe fluid being thick and rather stringy tends to be stretched by the'hath to accumulate by its cohesion in a large drop 5 at the'lowermost coagulating end of the mandrel and, to dissipate said drop-like accumulation, the mandrel is then quickly inverted into a vertical position to allow the excess material constituting the drop slowly to gravitate down and become uniformly distributed with the other portions of the thick liquid constituting the still-fluid film.
When the mandrel is withdrawn from the bath, the thick liquid adhering to it is comparatively thin at the point 6 where it terminates on the shank and, to avoid that objectionable formation from becoming a permanent charateristic of the film a so-called stripper O is so mounted on an extension of the shank as to be adapted, preferably by mechanical means, to he slipped along the shank toward its end. This stripper C has a snug-fitting relation with. the shank of the mandrel and acts as a wiper therefor so that when the mandrel has been withdrawn and inverted, as previously described, this stripper is caused to slide upwardly on the then-inverted shank; the extent of its movement being such that it will slide slightly past the point defining the extent to which the mandrel has been submerged in the bath. The effect of this action is to cause the stripr to wipe the mandrel free of the deposited iquid viscose for a distance of about five millimeters or more, depending upon the extent to which it is desired to thicken the marginal edge of the finished article. This stripper pushes back the film of fluid viscose to the desired extent and consolidates it, in the form of a thickened annularring, until it attains at least the thickness of the main bod portion of the sac-like article.
The em ryonic article on the mandrel is thereby given approximately its ultimate shape and dimensions and it is now in a state suitable for being hardened or gelatinized. This is accomplished by again inverting the mandrel and promptly thrusting it downwardly ifi to a suitable preliminary bat Coagulation of the viscose film can be brought about by solutions of neutral salts such as sodium chloride and the speed with which the coagulation occurs is dependent upon the concentration of the salt in the solution. In the practice of making these caps a salt of a di-basic acid as sulphuric acid is used and for this purpose ammonium sulphate is satisfactory. Also, in practice since the viscose is quite caustic, this salt is used in part in its acid form, viz, hydrogen ammonium sulphate and in part as neutral ammonium sulphate, and the required acid to keep this bath at proper strength is added as required. Further, it is the practice to maintain 'a flow of the coagulating bath counter-current to the movement of the viscose caps through the bath. Thus thecaps in their progress through the bath keep meetshrinkage of the molded cap, generally in two dimensions, viz, length and thickness of film and always in one demension, viz, thickness shrinkage in diamenter. With smooth molds such as are commercially used (and undoubtedly also dependent upon the coefiicient of friction between the wet viscose film and the material of the mjold) the shrinkage is invariably in the two dimensions specified above. Naturally the smoother the surface of the mold, the lower is the apparent friction efl'ect of this surface. This shrinkage results in the cap adhering closely and tightly at this stage to the mold.
It has been further discovered, in devising the new process, that the cohesion between the stripper and the coagulating viscose is such (and by roiighening the surface can be increased) that shrinkage in length is eliminated entirely and the shrinkage is restrained to the thickness. Consequently, by utilizing the new process, a commercial cap can be manufactured to a predetermined length and with a properly a thickened edge.
It will be appreciated that the sac-like article, as it leaves the hardening bath, very completely envelops the end of the mandrel and is in close intimate contact therewith; so much so that it would be diflicult, at that stage, to remove it without breaking the film on account of the closeness of its adherence and. because of the formation of a vacuum at all internal points where the parts were somewhat separated. However, this removal is rendered possible by a peculiar action of the above-described acid bath.
That is to say, it has been further discovered that, when these caps on their molds are treated with coagulating baths of such final acidity that they are fully acid as they leave the bath, a gas generation occurs between the coagulated cap and its mold which is sufiicient to break the contact between them. This gas is suflicient invol ume and pressure to prepare'the way for the next labor-saving step; which is that of mechanical stripping. By using the above mentioned wiper as a device to strip the cap from its mold, the cap may be detached without distorting it, since this gas breaks the vacuum that, otherwise,
of film. The mold restrains inseam would result in any attempt to remove a erfectly fitting elastic cap from its mold. uch a vacuum would necessarily collapse the elastic cap, during the withdrawal of the mold, and wrinkle it badly.
The stripping is now accomplished'after removingthe mandrel from the acid bath, by causin the follower or stripper C to advance al bng the shank 1 towards the head thereof. The follower, while snugly encircling the shank, slides smoothly along it and functions, without unduly wrinkling or in any manner injuring the sac-like film thereon, to push it off the end of the mandrel as shown by Fig. 5. The detached caps, at this stage, represent a considerable saving; not only in labor but likewise in material. They have no excess im erfect length that has to be sheared 0 and regarded as scrap. In the old method, the longitudinal shrinkage alone (regardless of the undesirable feather edge) made it necessary to make initial submergence sufficiently deep to over-compensate for the longitudinal shrinkage; that being the only way of avoiding the pro duction of a certain number of too-short ca s. In other words, the ultimate shear- 0 step was depended upon to attain the length desired for the finished product. This loss is entirely avoided inthe present process.
The detached and truly dimensioned cap.
is then submerged in a washing bath for a sufficient period and is thereupon placed in a de-sulphurizing bath consisting, for example, of sodium sulphite. It may be explained, that when the film was subjected to the action of sulphuric acid it was rendered quite opaque in appearance by reason of being impregnated with free sulphur produced by the action of the free acid. To restore the film to its original translucence, is the purpose of the de-sulphurizing bath; the free sulphur being simply dissolved by the sodium-sulphite or whatever other sulphur-dissolver may be resorted to.
The film is now washed again to free it from the sodium sulphite and is then ready for such further finishing operations as may be desired. For example, it may or may not be bleached and it may or may not be colored by the use of suitable d es. After whatever finishing has been per ormed, the caps are packed, while still moist, with some suitable preserver, such as formaldehyde, in suitable containers which are sealed to prevent evaporation and hardening so that the films will reach the ultimate user in their elastic condition. They are then in condition for immediate use; which merely requires that they be slipped over the corkedend of a bottle and permitted to dry; whereupon they shrink into place and pro duce the parchment-like covering habitually seen on bottles of perfumery and the like.
Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of this invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various utilizations by retaining one or more of the essential characteristics of either the generic or specific aspects of this invention, and, therefore, such adaptations should be, and are intended to be, comprehended within the meaning and range of'equivalency of the following claims.
Havingthus revealed this invention, I claim as new and desire to secure the following combinations and elements, or equivalents thereof, by Letters Patent of the United States:
1. The art of making a viscose article which consists in first depositing on a mandrel a coating of fluid viscose; then predetermining the ultimate length of the finished product by pressing the edge of the fluid back somewhat with a follower; then producing a flexible tenacious film by effecting a coagulation of the coating while retaining the follower in said position; and subsequently detaching the flexible film from the mandrel.
2. The art of making a viscose article which consists in coating a mandrel with fluid viscose; then effecting a coagulation of said viscose under conditions to produce gas between the film and the mandrel to reduce the adhesion; and then causing a snugfitting follower to slide along the mandrel and detach the coagulated article.
3. The art of making in a predetermined length a stocking-likearticle of viscose, which consists in coating the end of a shouldered mandrel with fluid viscose and establishing contact between said shoulder and said fluid; then coagulating the fluid coating while still in contact with said shoulder to enable said shoulder to restrict the longitudinal shrinkage of the film; then Eemoving the coagulated film from the manrel.
4. The art of producing viscose sac-like caps of predetermined length without wastage which consists in coating a mandrel havinga slidable shoulder with fluid viscose and causing said material to adhere to said shoulder; effecting a coalescence of said coating by a chemical reaction producing sufficient free-gas to loosen the cap on the mandrel; and then causing said shoulder 30 aidvance to detach the cap from the man- 5. The art of making viscose pouches which consists in first depositing on a mandrel a coating of fluid viscose; then accurately determining the location and thickness of the extreme edge of the fluid by pressing the fluid edge back somewhat with a follower; then with the follower in said osition effecting a coagulation of the coatconditions adapted to lessen the adhesion ing to produce a tenacious film; then debetween the film and the mandrel and then tachin the film from the mandrel. removing the film from the mandrel.
6. T e art of making viscose caps which 8. The art of producingv viscose caps of consists in coating the end of a mandrel predetermined length without wastage with fluid viscose; then advancing a snug" which consists in dipping a mandrel havfitting follower along the shank of said ing a slidable shoulder in a bath to coat mandrel to determine the length of the cap it with fluid viscose; removing said mandrel then efiecting a coagulation of said viscose from said bath and inverting it to cause said under conditions to produce gas between fluid material to adhere to said shoulder; the film and the mandrel toreduce the adeffecting a coalescence of said coating under hesion; and then causing said follower to conditions producing suflicient free gas to' slide along the mandrel until the coagulated loosen the ca i on the mandrel; and then cap has been detachedfrom the mandrel. causing said s oulder to advance to detach 7. The art of making viscose caps in a the ca from the mandrel.
predetermined length which consists in coat- In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe ing the end of a shouldered mandrel and the my name, as attested by the two subscribside-face of said shoulder with fluid viscose; ing witnesses.
then initiating the coagulation of the fluid coating while in contact with said shoulder to enable said shoulder to restrict the longitudinal shrinka e of the film; then completing the coagu ation under gas-evolving CHARLES H. DASHER.
Witnesses MINNA STRAUGH, DoLLY Wnlsrmn'.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US1486641A true US1486641A (en) | 1924-03-11 |
Family
ID=3406283
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US1486641D Expired - Lifetime US1486641A (en) | Charles h |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3058630A (en) * | 1957-11-02 | 1962-10-16 | Afico Sa | Dredger for dispensing powdered products |
US3495301A (en) * | 1967-06-23 | 1970-02-17 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Tube expanding apparatus |
-
0
- US US1486641D patent/US1486641A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3058630A (en) * | 1957-11-02 | 1962-10-16 | Afico Sa | Dredger for dispensing powdered products |
US3495301A (en) * | 1967-06-23 | 1970-02-17 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Tube expanding apparatus |
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