US1483709A - Gas generator and burner - Google Patents

Description

Feb 12 192 1.,

S. BIDDISON GAS GENERATOR AND BURNER Filed April 29. 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 A Y. m M M Mm mw%A 5 E 5 Feb. 12 1924.

1,483,709 5. BIDDISON GAS GENERATOR ANDBURNER 7 Filed April 29. 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet z By his fllfa ney Feb, E2 192%, L483,?@@

5. ammscm GAS GENERATOR AND BURNER Filed April 29. 1920 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 ii /-57 HI ll H Ii 1 '11 11 x Feb. 12; 1924.

s. BIDDISON GAS GENERATOR AND BURNER Filed April 29, 15520 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 QSDOOOQ Fatented F eb. 12, 1924.

175 N l T E D S T T ES SAMUEL BIDDISON, OF LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA.

GAS GENERATOR AND BURNER. 7

Application filed April 29, 1920. Serial No. 377,496.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL BmnIsoN, a citizen of the United States, residing in Los Angeles, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gas Generators and Burners, of which the following is a specification.

.My invention relates to gas generators and burners; especially to gas generators and burners adapted to operate by vaporizing liquid fuel and supplying gas for illuminating or heating purposes.

My primary ob ect is to provide a gas generator and burner which is exceedingly simple and inexpensive in construction; which will operate efliciently and economically, Without the formation of smoke, carbon or soot; and in which almost any kind of liquid fuel can be successfully utilized to serve the purpose for which my improvementis designed.

Another object of my invention is to provide a generator and burner in which the liquid fuel is vaporized by a suitable agent, the supply whereof can be constantly maintained and efficiently regulated.

The above and other objects and advanta es of my invention will appear from the following description, taken together with the accompanying drawings; and be full pointed out in the appended claims. I wis to have it understood, however, that the disclosure herein is illustrative only, and comprises merely some preferred embodiments of my invention; and that the principle thereof may be practicedby means of other constructions not shown, but similar in effect. Otherwise stated, differences in the phrasing of the claims are intended to cover actual differences in structural details that I may find it advisable to adopt, within the scope and spirit of my inventionv as the claims express the same. On said drawin s:

igure 1 is a side elevation of one form of my improved generator as I prefer to construct the same; part thereof being in section;

Figure 2 is a side elevation, partly in section on the line 2 -2, in Figure 3,-of the same;

Figure?) is a transverse vertical section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figures 4 and 5 are respectively a top plan and a transverse section showing a Figure 9 is a view showing diagrammatb cally in side elevation the manner of making the connections for supplying the gasmaking ingredients to the device presented in Figure 6;

Figure 10 is a side elevation of a third form of my improved generator, partly in section,"

' Figure 11 is a top plan, partly in section, thereof; Y

Figure 12 is a transverse vertical section on the line 12-12 of Figure 10;

Figures 13 and 14 are respectively a longitudinal section and a transverse section showing a modification of a detail in the gererator illustrated in Figures 10 and 11; an

Figure 15 is a view showing on a reduced scale a spreader plate for my generator.

In theparticular description of the drawings the same characters of reference are used to indicate the same parts throughout the several views.

The invention herein disclosed is of the same nature as the gas generator and burner described in my application Serial Number 30,000, filed May 24, 1915, allowed November 17; 1915, renewedNovember 17, 1919, Serial Number 338,523, and re-allowed De cember 5, 1919; and this application is in the nature of a continuation of that application as to all subject matter that is common to the two.

In the construction illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3 the bottom of the generator is in the form of a pan or tray 1, at one side of which is supported a boiler 2. This boiler is supplied with water fromany suitable source under the control of an automatic Water feed device 3, hereinafter more fully described. Steam generated in this boiler will be conducted through passagesin pipes so as to mix with a quantity of or. casings oil supp ied from a vessel or tank l, through" a pipe or conduit 5. The steam and the oil vapor are thoroughly mixed, the action of the steam being to raise the oil to the va re 6 is a front view partly in section,

porizing point as it is delivered by the pipe 5, so as to transform the oil into a vapor; and this mixture of steam and vapor is afterwards subjected to the action of sufficient heat to raise it to such a temperature as will cause the formation of a true or fixed permanent gas that can be produced at very little cost and out of almost any kind of liquid fuel in the manner herein set forth, andv made to serve a variety of purposes. The gas thus produced is then led to a perforated pipe 27 extending along the bottom of the tray 1 and having a suitable number (one or more) of'burners or jet holes'6. The gas is consumed at these burners and the heat thereof continues the generation of the steam in the boiler 2 and the vaporization of the oil from the pipe 5, and thereby maintains the generator and burner in operation. Part of the gas, if desired, can be conducted away through a pipe line to be utilized at any place where there is need of the same.

I supply water from the feed device 3 to the boiler 2 through a pipe 7 which contains a valve casing 8. This casing has a check or non-return valve 9. The feed device encloses a float chamber which is supplied with water from the source above referred to by means of a pipe 10 entering the chamber near the top, and having in the chamber a discharge nozzle 11. In the chamber is a afloat valve 12 which may have a clamping ring 13 on its upper face to secure on the top of the Valve 12 a piece of wood or other elastic substance to close the nozzle 11 when pressed against same. It will be seen that thepipe 10 may be in constant communication with the source from which the water is furnished; and the chamber will be kept filled up to a substantially constant level. lVhenever-the water in'the chamber drops below this level, the float 12 will sink and uncover the outlet of the nozzle 11 to allow the water to flow in; and as soon as the predetermined level is restored, the float.12

will rise and engage the outlet of the nozzle, closing the latter, and thus interrupt the inflow of water, in an automatic and certain manner. The valve 9 opens freely to allow water to flow into the boiler, and will automatically shut to prevent any back or outflow from the boiler. Suitable pipe connections are provided to afford, a downwardly dispsed constantly open by-pass 1 1, the function of which will be more fully set forth presently. With this arrangement itis' only necessary to connect water pipe or hydrant to the pipe 10,.to be sure of keeping both thefioat chamber and boiler always filled with water to the necessary depth. h nen such a connection has once been made no further attention to the matter of supplying water to my generator needbe giventhrough an entire Winter or other season without requiring any special care or watching except to keep the oil'tank filled.

The pipe 7 enters one end of the boiler 2, near the bottom; the top of the boiler is united adjacent its opposite end to a casing 15. To make the connection, the casing is shown as having an externally threaded hollow nipple 16 that screws into a hollow boss 17 on the boiler; but obviously a short length of piping between the casing and the boiler, or any other well known form of joint between the boiler and casing may be employed if preferred. If desired there may be several vertical connections arranged side by side, between the boiler and the easing 15. The casing 15 extends forward along the top of the boiler, and communicates at its front end with the front end of a casing 18. These two casings are connected at-their sides, being illustrated as joined in the same way as the casing 15 and the boiler 2; and the casing 18 has a longitudinal partition 19, which divides the casing 18 into two parallel chambers or passages 20 and 21. The oil delivery pipe 5 is led into the chamber 20 through the opening 30 at the front end of the casing 18; hence steam from the boiler 2 and oil from the pipe 5 will mix in the chamber 20 and pass backward around the rear end of the partition 19, through the passage 19 (see Fig. 2) into the chamber 21, and then forward. A similar casing 22 is provided, being mounted beside the casing 18; the casing 22 communicatin through one side with one side of the casing 18 at the front of the generator in the same manner as the casings 15 and 18. The casing 22 communicates through its opposite side, adjacent its front end, with the siderof another casing 23, at the front end of same; and this casing communicates through its bottom, in front, with the top, near the front end, of a casing 24. This,casing 2 1 is connected in "front through its bottom with the top, near the forward end, of a casing 25, that is connected near its front end, on its inner side, with a short piece of pipe 26 leading to a pipe 27 which has the burner or jet openings 6. All the casings 18, 22, 23, 24 and 25 are secured to one another at the front of the generator, and have partitions 19 terminating short of their rear ends, and dividing them inside into chambers 20 and 21; and in operation the gas passes from the chamber 20 of the casing 18 into the chamber 21, and thence to each of the next four casings at the front end of the chamber 20, flows rearward, then forward in the chamber 21 of each casing in turn till it has traversed all the casings and reaches the connecting pipe 26 opening into the pipe 27 and passes out through the jet openings 6 in saidpipe 27 and is consumed thereat. Of course instead of casings mearoe boils the water in the boiler 2 and creates the steam necessary to the formation of the gas alon with the oil delivered by the pipe 5. The heat andsteam vaporize and difluse the oil as it enters the chamber 20 of the casing 18, and the oil vapor and steam are thoroughly intermixed. Further, the heat given off at the burners 6 also raises the temperature of the vaporous mixture in the casings 18, 22, 23, 24 and 25, and these casings serve as superheaters and in them the complete tranformation of the steam and oil vapor to a as is efi'ectually accom lished.

The oil de ivery pipe 5 is provide intermediate the oil tank or reservoir 4 and the casing 18, with a regulating valve whereby the supply of oil may be proportioned to the amount of steam generated by the boiler, it being found that the best results are obtained when the quantities of steam and oil vapor supplied to the superheater are in'the ratio oi approximately 2 to 1.

Leading from the oil delivery pipe 5 between the tank i and the regulating valve 60, is a priming or starting pipe 5, discharging into the pan 1, and controlled by a valve 5. To start the-generator, a small quantity of oil is admitted through the pipe 5* to the pan 1, by opening the valve 5 and is then ignited in said pan. At the same time, the valve 60 in the plpe 5 is opened sli htly. The combustion'of the oil in the pan W1 1 vaporize the oil supplied by the pipe 5, and

cause the gas to issue from the burner openings 6 and to be ignited by the burning oil in the pan. Thereafter, as the apparatus becomes heated, the valve 60- is further opened until the generator is in full operatron.

The purpose of the check valve 9 and bypass l l is to maintain a supply of water for the boiler 2, and continue the teednt water thereinto. After the generator begins to operate and water starts vaporizing in the boiler 2, the pressure of the steam in the boiler will close the check valve 9 and hold it shut, thereby preventing the steam pressure in the boiler from torcin the water therefrom back through the pipe 7. Said steam pressure however, acting through the constantly open by-pass 14, will cause the water in the boiler to assume a level slightly lower than the level of the water in the float chamber in the tank 3, the difierence depending upon the ressure in the boiler, and the level in the cat chamber being predetermined by the adjustment or design of the float in accordance with the desired water level in the boiler. When. the water in the boiler falls below the predetermined point,

the excess hydrostatic head in the float chamber will cause water to flow therefrom, through the bypass, to the boiler, thereby maintaining the boiler water level substantially constant. .By reason of the downward disposition of the by-pass 14, it will be seen that a certain hydrostatic head is maintained therein, which is made sufiicient to prevent the water from being completely forced therefrom into the float chamber due to the boiler pressure, which latter is at no time great by reason of the fact that the boiler is at all times in communication with the atmosphere through the several casings and the burner openings. Should, however, the feed of Water through the bypass be interrupted, as by stoppage thereof or by the entraining or trapping of vapor therein from any cause, permitting the water in the boiler to boil away, the consequent drop in boiler pressure will permit the valve 9 to open, causing the boiler to be supplied with .water from the float chamber directly through the pipe 7 before carbonization of or other injury to the apparatus can ensue.

If no by-pass were provided, the Water in the boiler 2 would disappear and be consumed in the generator completely before the valve 9 could reopen and allow more water to flow into the boiler; because as 1on as any steam remains in the generator it will act to hold the valve 9 tight upon its seat in the casing 8. When the steam is all gone, and the boiler quite empty, the valve 9 will open, and the water will once more flow into the boiler. But before the valve 9 could reopen under the circumstances outlined, the oil flowing intothe generator would begin to char and carbonize, because of the lack of Water and steam, and the whole generator would smoke and become foul with soot. With the by-pass 14 provided, however, water will continue to flow into the boiler 2, even when the back pressure of the steam shuts the valve 9, in sufficient volume to enable the production of gas to continue and the formation of carbon and soot to be absolutely prevented. On the other hand, if the check valve 9 were omitted, the by-pass would not furnish enough Water as is required for proper operation, against the back pressure of the steam against the infiowing water. I- have found by long experiment that the valve and by-pass together must be employed, the former to furnish water insufiicient volume; and the latter to prevent the inflow of water from being entirely cut off and interrupted long enough toallow the oil to be burnt without combining with the steam to reduce as.

The valve and y-pass t erefore constitute means for maintaining and properly regulating the sup ly of water, the former acting as a means or cutting ed the greater part of the inflow when the back pressure shuts it; and the latter as a means for then preventing'the suspension of the water sup ply altogether.

It is found that the amount of gas which can be generated by the apparatus and in accOIdanCe with the method above described is in excess of that required in order to producethe necessary heat to carry on the process and maintain the generator in operation, and the surplus gas may, if desired, be conducted away through a pipe, as 45, to be utilized for any desired purpose, as illuminating orheating. or the whole quantity of gas generated can be burnt at the openings 6. The boiler 2 and the casings may rest upon supports 28 in the pan l, and the pipe 27 and each of the casings may have a removable screw plug 29 in its rear end to give access to thechambers' 20 and 21 for cleaning and for convenience in casting, when being manufactured. The hole for the oil pipe 5 is indicated at 30 in Figure 3; and in Figure 1 I show a drain cock 31 for the by-pass 14, to drain water from the system and prevent freezing when not in use.

The generator above described is intended for heaters and particularly stoves with approximately squarev fireboxes. It can be made of small size, and is intended for use with refined oil in its operation. For a stove or heater having a round firebox, the generator and burner shown in Figures 4 and 5 is employed. This modification is similar to the form illustrated in Figures 1, 2 and 3, and works upon the same principle, except that the lowermost casing 25 is omitted; and the threaded nipple 17 constituting the outlet of the casing 24 is joined to a coupling 32, which connects the casing 24 to a single turn of pipe 33, which curls around the back of the generator and returns and is joined in front to the burner pipe 27 b a coupling 34. Thisturn of pipe quite nicely. e oil, the generator is preferably enables t e generator to fit a round firebox For ,cru so constructed that the steam and oil mix before the oil enters the generator. A generator and burner of this character is illustrated in Figures 6, 7, 8 and 9. It is designed for use in a furnace for a heating or power plant. From the top of the boiler 2 extends an outlet pipe 35, which is united by a T-coupling 36 to'the oil pipe 5 just outside of where the latter enters a casing 37.

This casing is like the casing 18 above mentioned. It'has a longitudinal partition 19, making a rearward extending passage 20 and a forward extending passage 21. Nealits front, in one side, is an internally threaded boss 17 providing an outlet for the passage 21, and a short length of pipe 38 connects'thls boss with a similar boss 17 at the side of a casing 39, in front. This casing 39 is like the casing 37, having partition 19 and chambers 20' and 21; and it 18 joined in front to the side of a U-shaped pipe or casing 40. This pipe extends rearward from its point of connection with the casing 39, then downward and forward, and is joined at its lower front end to a pipe 41 leading to a burner pipe 27 at one side of the pan 1, below the boiler 2. This pipe 41 may also include a T-coupling 42, to connect to it another burner pipe 27 at the middle of the pan 1, and a third burner pipe may be provided at the other side of the pan if needed. The pipe or casing 40 rests on one side of the pan, and the boiler rests on a support 43.

The operation of this generator is the same as that of the ones previously described.

First a mixture of oil vapor and steam is' produced, and this is converted into a gas and throughly dried in the casings or superheaters 37, 39 and 40.

To start any of these generators one opens the valve 5, which is preferably constructed to be opened by pressure, allowing sufiicient oil to run into the pan to cover the bottom. Then a lighted match is dropped into the oil and it is thus ignited. Within four or five minutes the valve in the pipe 5 is opened. While the oil in the bottom of the pan is burning, steam is produced in the water boiler and vaporizes the oil as it enters the generator through the pipe 5. The pipe 5 is not shown in Figures 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, but its presence will be understood. For

"these two burners also I may utilize U- shaped pipes, instead of the casings with partitions 19.

In the construction illustrated in Figures 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, the tray 1 supports the boiler 2 along one side. This boiler is supplied with water from a tank 3 enclosing a float chamber, and steam generated in this boiler will be conducted through a pipe 44, leading from the back of the boiler forward along the top, to mix with a ,quantity of oil supplied through a pipe or conduit 5. The steam and the oil vapor are throughly mixed, the action of thesteam being to raise the oil to the boiling point before it is delivered by the pipe 5, so as to transform the oil into a vapor; and this mixture of steam and vapor is afterwards subjected to the action of sufficient heat to raise it to such a-tem perature as will cause the formation of a true as as before. The gas thus produced is then ed to a perforated pipe 27, extending along the bottom of the tray 1 and having a suitable number (one or more of burners 6. Part of the gas is consumed t these burners and the heat thereof continues the generation of the steam in the boiler 2 and the vapori'zation of oil in the pipe 5, and thereby maintains the generator and burner in operation. The remainder of the gas can be burnt at the openings 6, or can be conducted 1,4es,roe a away through a pipe line indicated diagrammatlcally at 45 to be utilized at any place where there is need of the same. pipe can be employed with any one of the preceding generators. The water flows from the tank or feed device 3 to the boiler 2 through a pipe 7 which contains a valve casing 8, having a web or partition 46, part of which is horizontal; and this horizontal part has an aperture therethrough whose edge serves as a seat for a ball check valve 47 The device 3 is kept filled by means of a pipe 10 entering the same through the top and engaged at its lower end by a valve 48 carried by a lever 490 pivoted at 491 to the side of the casing of the tank 3 and actuated by means of a float 49. The pipe 10 may be in constant communication with the source from which the water is furnished; and the device 3 will be kept filled to a constant level. Whenever the water in the device drops below this level, the float 49 will open the valve 48 to allow water to fiow in; and as soon as the predetermined level is restored, the float 49 will actuate the valve 48 to close the pipe 10, and thus interrupt the inflow of water.

The discharge end of the pipe or casing 44 is-connected to a U-shaped casing 50, into one end of which the liquid fuel pipe 5 delivers. The steam enters one end of this casing 50 from the side and the pipe 5 extends into the casing 50 a considerable distance ast the mouth of the pipe 44 jmaking with t e inside of the casing 50 an annular space in which the steam may circulate. This casing 50 serves also as a superheater; and steam flowing therein past the discharge end of the pipe 5 not only assists the inflow of the oil or other liquid fuel by a kind of.

'aspirating action, but also serves to start the vaporizing of the oil even before itreaches the inner end of the pipe, and diffuses the oil'vapor after it leaves the same; thereby making a vaporous mixture. This mixture flows through the other or superheating arm of the casing 50 into a similar casing or superheater 51, out of which it is delivered to the burner or burners 6 in the ipe .27 in the form of a, gas as previously described.

I prefer to arrange the superheater 50 so that it lies horizontally in substantially central position above the tray 1; and the U- shaped superheater 51 so that it is mounted in vertical position along the edge of the tray opposite the boiler 2. Both the super heaters will have the bends therein at the ends of the tray 1 which is remote from the end entered by the pipe-5; and the ends of the superheater 51 may be held in proper relation by means of a spacing member 52, which, of course, will not communicate with the inside of this superheater. From the A similar lower arm of the superheatcr 51 adjacent the tank 3 extends the delivery conduit 53; this pipe inclining downward into the bottom of the tray where it .is connected with the central burner pipe 27 on which the burners 6 are carried. Each burner, when more than one is employed, will preferably have a valve manipulated by a stem 54 which extends outward through one side of the tray 1 and provided with an operating head 54. The steam pipe 44, the superheater 50 and the upper arm of the superheater 51 will thus be at the same level above the tray 1; and above the parts just named I mount a perforated spreader plate-55 of the same length as the tray 1 and having its longitudinal edges bent slightly downward. The constltuent parts of my generator are therefore very compactly arranged and very advantageously located; and I am able to build generators of relatively large capacity and output in comparatively small sizes. The spreader plate 55 may also be employed on the three other generators set forth.

The complete operation of the generator shown in Figures 10-16 inclusive is thesame as that of the preceding ones. The greater portion of the gas can be conducted away through the pipe 45 to places where the same is needed for use, for example, to be burnt for lighting as indicated at 56 or utilized for any other purpose. The boiler 2 will, if desired, have a' safety valve 57, and so may the boilers of the generators already described herein.

By extending the pipe 5 a considerable distance into the vaporizing chamber of the casing 50 the pressure of the steam from the pipe 44 is made to assist instead of obstruct the entrance of the oil. Instead of running the pipe 5 into the superheater 50 past the mouth of the pipe 44 I may provide a longitudinal partition or web 58 which shields or screens the mouth of the pipe 44, in the superheater 50 as indicated in Figures 14 and 15. This web will divide the end of one arm of the superheater 50 into two longitudinal passages, one' of which receives steam and the other oil from the liquid fuel pipe. This arrangement works even better than that shown in Figure 11. It is desirable to emphasize the fact that the steam from the pipe 44 heats the pipe 5 or partition 58 to such a point that the oil starts to boil before it gets to the inner end of .the same, and when it is actually delivered into the superheater proper the oil is already in the form of a vapor, that can be more readily diffused by the steam, and superheated afterwards, with the steam, to the required degree.

The object of the spreader plate 55 on the top of the generator is to prevent too rapid radiation and distribution from the burners 6, and thereby insure a suficiently high temperature in the superheaters 50 and 1 to produce a gas having the characteristics above noted. I provide the end of the lower arm of the superheater 51 with a plug 59, and by removing this plug I can pour into the pipe 53 a sufiicient quantityof alcohol, gasoline or the like to fill the pipe 27 and thus enable the burners 6 to be operated until the steam in the boiler 2 begins to flow through the pipe 44 and starts the generator and burner into regular action, or I can employ a primer pipe 5 with valve 5 as in F igure' 1. The pipe 5 will, of course, be provided with a valve so that the flow of oil through the same can be regulated, according to the amount of fire required; and this valve is also inserted in the pipe 5 of the three preceding generators.

Any of the generators last described may be started in a manner, similar to that above explained in connection with the form shown in Figures 1 to 3, namely, by the combustion of a priming charge of oil or other fuel supplied to the pan 1 byany suitable means which it has not been thought necessary to show in detail, but which ma be similar to the pipe- 5 and valve 5", igure 1.

The gas produced by my generator I find to be a practically fixed and dry combustible gas adapted for heating, lighting and other purposes. In the practice of my invention the generator will give off a good deal of heatwhile the gas is being produced; and it therefore may be conveniently operated in the fireboxes of furnaces, stoves and ranges, where it will provide any desired degree of heat for any length oftime continuously without requiring any supervision or attendance and without producing smoke, soot, odor, ashes, dust, or carbon deposit of any kind. It may also be put in the fireplaces of dwellings and the fireboxes of boilers and engines.

described In the practice of my invention above, a true gas is obtalned by reason of the factthat the oil is'vaporized, and then mixed with the steam and subjected to the action of a high degree of heat (as much as 1000 to 2500 degrees F.) in the superheaters or casings between the boiler and the jet openings 6. This heat is sufliciently intense and the length of the superheater passages traversed by the mixed steam and oil vapor sufficiently great (in proportion to the length re uired merel to vaporize the oil and mix it e same wit the steam) to cause a chemical reaction to take place between said steam and vapor, the elements of which combine to form a new product comprising a fixed non-poisonous gas' of high calorific value. If a sample of this gas be drawn off atone of the openings 6 and stored away in a sealed bottle, it is found that no appreciable amount of moisture. will ever condense on the inside of the bottle; and if the memos bottle be opened after several days, the contents can be ignited at once. Moreover, it is found that the gas in question may be inhaled freely without injurious effects. Furthermore, the cost of producing this gas is extremely low, as the amount of the gas generated and the heat produced by the combustion thereof are relatively high in proportion to the amount of fuel consumed, as compared with other vaporizing oil burners heretofore in use.

About 16,000 cubic feet of gas can be obtained from 2 cubic feet of water and 1 cubic foot of oil.

The boiler 2 may be double in shape, round, oval, or half round, and be made of iron pipe, brass, copper or cast iron. The superheaters 15, 18, 22, 23, 24, 25, 37, 39, 40, 50 and 51 may be continuous pipe bent in any preferred form in one coil zigza or like one or more figures 8, side by si e or superposed, so long as the total length of .piping will enable the steam and oil vapor to intermingle and become thoroughly superheated till it becomes a dry, permanent gas.

The method disclosed in the foregoing specification, and the gas produced thereby, are not claimed herein, being covered by the claims of another application filed April 29, 1920, Serial Tic/377,497.

Having described my invention, what I believe to be new and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A gas generator and burner comprising a boiler, a liquid fuel vaporizin chamber communicating with said boi er and into which steam is delivered, means for regulating the supply of water to said boiler in accordance with the pressure of steam generated therein, said means comprising an inwardly opening check-valve and a by-pass around said check valve, means for supplying liquid hydrocarbon fuel to said vaporizing chamber and in which chamber the steam and va orized hydrocarbon are mixed, a super eating chamber into which the mixture of steam and hydrocarbon passes, and a-burner to which the superheated mixture is delivered.

2. A gas generator and burner com rising a boiler, a iquid fuel vaporizing c amber communicating with said boiler and into which steam is delivered, means for regulating the supply of water to said boiler in Ill accordance with thepressure of steam generated therein, said means com rising an inwardly opening check-valve an a by-pass around said check valve, means for supplyiii III

, into which steam is delivered, means for supplying liquid hydrocarbon fuel to said.

vaporizing chamber and in which chamber the steam and vaporized hydrocarbon are mixed, a plurality of superheaters connected with one another in series and the first of which communicates with the said vaporizing chamber, and a burner to which the superheated mixture is delivered, said superheaters having partitions providing two communicating chambers for each element thereof.

4. A gas generator and burnercompris a pipe leading from said boiler and having a delivery end communicatin with sai superheater; a pipe for supp ying oil to the super-heater and having a delivery end communicating therewith adjacent the delivery end of said first-named pipe; a partition separating the delivery ends of said pipes and extending a considerable distance into the superheater: a vertical U-shaped super-heater communicating with the first superheater, and supported at the other side of the basin: and a burner pipe leading from the vertical superheater and disposed centrally of the basin in operative relation to the superheaters and the boiler.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this 23 day of March, 1920.

SAMUEL BIDDISON.

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