US1481273A - Scraper bucket - Google Patents

Description

. 1,481,273 H. A. ROE

'SCRAPER BUCKET Jan. 22 1924.

Filed Dec. 23, 1920 A 2 Sheei-Sheeti Jan 22 1924.

H. A. ROE

' SCRAPER BUCKET Filed Deb. 23, 1920 2 sheets-snug 2 atented Jan, '22, ll2it I A tiara Parana @EEO HARRY A. ROE, F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNO '20 JOHN A. SAVER/MAN, OF CEICAGG,

ILLINOIS.

SGRAPER BUCKET.

Application filed December 23, 1920. Serial No. 432,667.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HARRY A. Ron, a citithe scraper-to be drawn in one-direction across the material to be excavated to fill the scraper and convey the displaced dirt to the point of discharge; and in the reverse direction to return the scraper to the point of filling, these means usuall being cables or the like, attached to the font and rear ends of the scraper, and operated in any desirable manner.

My primary objects are to provide a scraper-bucket of the general type referred to which will operate with a high degree of efficiency; be simple of construction and readily manufactured ;ipresent great strength consistent for its weight'and the amount of material used in its manufacture; be highly durable; be less resistant to filling and require less power for its operation, than structures of this general character as hitherto provided; will be less liable to tip out of the ground during filling and maintain, to a more certain degree, its travel in a straight path in both its filling and conveying movement and its return movement to the point of excavating; present substantially maximum resistance to strains in loading and in I the carrying of the load, thereby operating with great efiiciency and presenting maximum strength for the amount of materialused in its construction; presenta greater capacity for the amount of material used in its construction than in structures as hither to provided; and other objects as will be understood from the following. V

Referring to the accompanying drawigure 1 is a plan view of a-scrap'erbucket constituting one formin which my invention may be provided, Figure 2 is a view in side elevation of the'scraper-bucket. Figure 3 is a'view like Fig. 1 of another construction involving .certain features of in-. vention; and Figure 4, a view; in side elevation of the same. 7 Referring more particularly to the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, and which I now regard as the preferred form 111 which 'my invention may be provided from thestandpoiiit of effectiveness of operation, the structure is formed of the bodyportion 5preferably made of sheet metal and of substantially the form shown, viz of v general curved form in'plan and in crosssection throughout the greater portion of its extent, the portionsofthe body above and below its median horizontal plane being preferably of the' same shape butreversely disposed, the lower, generally curved, edge .(i'of the body being that part of the scraper which cuts through the ground and which I therefore term the cutter surface the lower edgeof which may, if desired, be serrated, as is oftentimes the case in structures of this general character. body is so shaped as to cause the forwardmost end-portions of the cutting surfaces to extend, as shown, in planes substantially parallel with the line of travel of the scraper-bucket in excavating and conveying the load, and progressively curve rearwardly toward the axis of the scraper-bucket which axis is indicated by dotted line 20 on Fig. 1, the form shown of both the upper and lower portions of the body being such that any horizontal cross-section through the body, between the points of connection therewith In the form shown the of the forward-pulling cable, is a substanvertical cross-section through the body taken parallel to the axis of the scraper is likewise an elliptical conic section curve (but which if desired may be parabolic or hyperbolic), thus the portion ofthe body below its median plane and affording the cutting. surface of the scraper atthe forward extremities of this portion, viz, those which first enter the ground and which extend substantially parallel with the line of travel of the, scraper-bucket, are substantially, and, if

desired, absolutely, vertical and progressively approach toward the horizontal plane from their front toward their rear portions where they merge together at their extreme rear portions, the portions of the body above and below the median plane extending preferably in the general angular relation as shown. I

The forward ends of the body are shown as provided with eyes 7 shown as of yoke-shape at which they straddle the metal ofthe body, with reinforcing plates 8 interposed therebetween and riveted, as indicated at 9, to the hody, the eyes being held by the bolts 10 which may be secured many of the bolt-holes 10 in the body. The eyes 7 are shown as connected with cables 11 which engage at their outer ends a) ring 12 which in practice, would connect with a pulling cable, or the like (not shown) for dragging the scraperbucket for filling and conveying. The rear portion of the body 5 is provided with eyes 13 connected with cables 14 engaging a ring 15) to which a cable, or the like, is connected for dragging the scraper-bucket backwardly to the point of filling.

In the dragging of the scraper-bucket forwardly the substantially vertical forward portions of the scraper-bucket first engage the dirt and as the scraper-bucket continues its movement the curved cutter portions of the device gradually undercut the dirt at opposite sides of the device loosening it and turning it over toward the center of the scrapereb'ucket very much in the same manner as a p-low-share operates, the dirt as it is dirt, its cutting edge is caused to ride out of the dirt over wh ch it is drawn, and the scrapenbucket slidesalong without displacing the dirt over which it travels. The scraper-bucket may be unloaded by merely reversing its movement by drawing it rearwardly, the dirt which was excavated by the device and conveyed as stated, readily freeing itself from the scraper-bucket. provision of the lower portion of the body, at the rear of the latter, at an angle to the horizontal generally as shown is preferred as thereby the most efi'ective cutting is effected and the dirt readily clears from the inner surface of the bod upon pulling the scraper-bucket rearward y.

It will be noted that'.the form of the scraper-bucket is substantially that which would be assumed by a flexible member,

such as a rubber strip, drawn upon at its outer ends against a resistance such as presented by loose earth exerted against it between its ends, provided such member were of such dimensions and composition that it would assume curved shape in planand in vertical section. The practical result which flows from the shape of the bucket is that Theit may be made very much lighter than buckets heretofore known for like service, since the metal being in tension only, need be made only thick enough to" resist deformation such as denting or bending caused by handling. The term axis as used herein and in the claims is intended to refer to the line at the intersection of the vertical and'horizontal median planes. The term side is intended to refer to the portion of the body at one side of the vertical median plane the two sides together making up the entire body.

It will be readily understood from the illustration of the bucket and the foregoing description that by so constructing ,the scraper bucket the various objects hereinbefore enumerated may be accomplished.

The scraper-bucket as shown and described permits of the attachment of the eyes 7 at any desired point vertically thereon, thereby to adapt the bucket for its most effective use with difierent kinds of material and material in different conditions.

While I now regard the form in which the scrapenbucket of Figs. 1 and 2 is provided, as the one more nearly ideal in its functioning, it will be understood that the same may be variously modified and altered, particularly for different conditions of use, and still preserve the fundamental principle of its operation. Furthermore in the matter of manufacturing the scraper-buckets it may be found desirable, even though thereby they function slightly less than to the greatest advantage, to alter the form of the bucket, and as an example of this, I have shown the form represented in Figs. 3 and 4 which is the same as that shown in Figs. 1 and 2, except that, instead of providing the body portion of the vertical cross-section of the structure of Figs. 1 and 2, its vertical cross section throughout its extent, except at its forward end-portions, is of angle shape as represented in Fig. 4c, the upper and lower portions of the body through any vertical cross-section being straight instead of curved.

Furthermore various other modifications and alterations may be made without dep arting from the spirit of my invention and as further examples of changes which may be made-as to certain features of my invention, the upper portions of the scraper bucket need not be of the same form as the lower portion, and under some conditions the upper portion of the scraper bucket need not be provided as shown, but any suitable retaining surface for the displaced material, provided, as for. example by continuing the lower portion upwardly as a substantially straight surface. The changes just referred to are based upon the provision in a scraper of a portion, corresponding to the lower portion of the hereinbefore described constructions and presenting new and highly 1 seams useful features in connection with the cutting through and undercutting of the material to be operated on.

\Vhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. A bottomless scraper bucket comprising a body the sides of which curve in plan rcarwardly toward the axis thereof and the upper and lower portions of which sides diverge forwardly.

.2. A bottomless scraper comprising a body formed of sides the upper and lower portions of which diverge forwardly, said sides being so shaped that any horizontal section therethrouglris curved toward the axis of said. body from the front toward the rear of the latter, the lower edges of the sides serving ascutting portions and extending downwardly and forwardly.

3. A bottomless scraper bucket comprising a body .the sides of which curve in plan rcarwardly toward the axis thereof and the upper rind lower portions of which sides diverge forwardly,"thc divergence increasing from the rear portion toward the forward portion of said sides.

l. A bottomless scrape-r bucket any horizontal section of which is of general curved form diverging forwardly, the upper and lower portions of the sides thereof diverging forwardly one of said portions being curved substantially throughout its height.

A bottomless scraper bucket comprising a body any horizontal section of which 'is of general curved form and whose sides are forwardly divergent With curved vertical sections.

6. A bottomless scraper bucket comprising a body any horizontal section of which is of general curved form and any vertical w section of a forwardly diverging substantially conic section curve.

7. A. bottomless scraper bucket comprisin a forwardly concave body curved in all planes parallel with its axis, the forward ends of said body lying in substantially -vertical parallel planes and a cutting edge ward the horizontal plane from their forwardend portions toward the rear portion of said body.

9. A bottomless scraper bucket, the body of which presents cutter surfaces at its opposite sides which progressively incline toward the horizontal plane from their forward end portions toward the rear portion of said body, the said body being curved in plan.

10. A bottomless scraper' bucket comprising a body formed of sides so shaped that any horizontal section" therethrough is curved toward the axis of said body from the front toward the rear of the latter, the lower edges of-the sides serving as cutting portions and extending downwardly'and forwardly.

11. A bottomless scraper bucket the body of which is of such form that any vertical section thercthrough between its ends, and parallel with its axis, is substantially of the same, form but the form of which is different at each parallel vertical section nonparallel with the axis of said body.

12. A bottomless scraper bucket comprising a body having surfaces generated by a conic section curve moving with its apex in contactwith, and its plane at all times perpendicular to, the plane of a second section of a cone, said second named section lying in the central horizontal axis of the body, whereby the sides of the body diverge in a forward direction, and the end surfaces of said sides approach a position of parallelism.

HARRY A. ROE.

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