US1470379A - Oil jubner - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 9, 1923.

1,470,379 L. KRESSER OIL BURNER Filed Oct. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 //v vavme Leo Kressev. 5)

A TTO/Z/VEX Patented Oct. 9, 1923.

LEO KRESSER, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed October 3, 1922.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, LEO Knnssnn, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Springfield, Commonwealth of Massachusetts, county of Hampden, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in oil burners and is particularly designed for installation in hot air furnaces, steam boilers or hot water boilers for residential heating for burning oil instead of coal.

An bject of the invention is to provide a structure in which the oil flows by gravity to the burner, and from the burner it will be evenly distributed so as to flow by gravity to suitable incombustible substances for absorbing the oil whereby when the oil is lighted the saturated substances will serve to feed the flame. The burner proper comprises a plate member formed with a plurality of air passages for furnishing a suflicient supply of air to produce perfect combustion and means for receiving and retain .ing the oil absorbing material as crushed fire brick in place.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a general view showing the burner installed within a suitable heating apparatus and means for feeding and regulating the supply of oil and the supply-of air to the burner.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged plan view of the burner showing the air supply passages, the deflecting plate for causing the central air current to be deflected on the crushed fire brick of clay which is saturated with the oil and Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the burner on the line 83 of Fig. 2 showing the oil and air passages and the pieces of crushed fire brick on the burner.

Referring to the drawings in detail:

1 designates the casing of a boiler or other heating apparatus, 2 the tubes therein through which the heated products of combustion pass, 3 is the combustion chamber. Located within this chamber is the annular plate or grating 4. This grating is supported in the chamber 3 in any suitable way as by means of the brackets indicated at 5, assisted by the main oil supply pipe 6. The grating 4; is formed with a plurality of conical shaped air passages 7 which project upwardly and an upwardly extending edge 8 Serial No. 592,101.

the upper margin 9 of which is substantially in the same horizontal line as the upper edge 10 of the conical air passages 7. Formed integral with the part 4 are the depending portions 11 which are threaded as shown for receiving the oil pipe connections. 12 indicates the oil outlets of the portions 11 which communicates with the upper side of the plate or grating 4..

It will be noticed that the floor of the grating is formed inclined so that the oil as it flows through the passages 12 will then flow by gravity down the incline. 13 indicates an annular oil receiving passage which is located adjacent to the openings 12 for causing the oil to flow, or be evenly distributed, onto the floor of the burner 4:. 14: indicates a large centrally disposed air passageway which is located between the oil pipe connections 11. The upper or outlet end of this passageway is arranged immediately under the air deflecting plate 15 which plate is spaced a suitable distance from the upper edge 16 of the centrally dis posed air passage indicated at 17 The purpose of this plate is to evenly distribute and deflect the air outward as shown by the arrows 18. 19 designates the branch pipes that are connected to the main oil supply pipe (3. These pipes are threaded into the connections 11 whereby the oil is evenly distributed around the floor or bottom surface of the plate a. 20 designates any suitable material for absorbing the oil as it flows from the pipe 6, as crushed or broken fire brick. This material will retain the oil so that the flames will burn evenly from the upper surface of the same, and at the same time, prevent any carbonization or collection of soot on the crushed fire brick since the openings 7 and 14 will furnish sufficient oxygen to cause perfect combustion of the oil.

For the purpose of regulating the flow of oil and the flame, the pipe 6 is provided with a suitable control valve 21 and the [ire box 3 is provided with a suitable control door 22. These are operated in unison by the cord 23 which passes over a supporting pulley 2%, which pulley is provided with an operating handle 25. The rotation of this handle causes the door 22 to be opened and the valve 21 to be moved to a corresponding open position. The reverse operations will take place when the door 22 is closed. The valve 21 will move to a closed position.

From this description it will be seen that ill Ill

I have provided a very economical construction for installing an oil burner in a heating apparatus and one that will produce perfeet combustion without the absorbent material becoming carbonized.

It is to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise construction shown, as

I may employ equivalent devices.

An important feature of my invention is that the incoming stream of cool air through the central passage way 14 serves to maintain the oil inlet portions 11 and their passageways 12 in a cool condition, whereby the oil is prevented from becoming heated or vaporized and carbonization therefore el 't'ectively avoided in these passageways. The annular passageway 13 also maintained in a cool condition by the incoming stream of cool air. The incoming oil will then freely flow down the inclined surface of the plate or grate 40. The plate 15 in ad dition, to serving the purpose of deflecting the incoming stream of cool air over the heated fire brick as indicated by the arrows 18 also serves to prevent the heat of the flames above and around the plate from heating or warming the oil conducting porlions 11, oil passageways 12, and the annular oil passageway 13, which would have the effect of prematurely V8.1)OI1Z111g' the incoming oil, with the result that the oil passageways 12 would become filled with carbon.

In other words, the plate 15 serves two purposes; one to deflect the incoming stream of cool air and the other to act as a battle plate to prevent the heat from extending downwards.

It is also to be understood that I do not limit myself to any specific shape oi? the ate or plate, as a rectangular or other shape maybe employed. The oil passage way 13 may, of course, be termed other shapes than circular.

What I claim is:

1. An oil burner construction com firising a plate member formed with an upwardly extending i'nargin and an inclined bottom surface, an annular oil receiving passageway located above the center portion of the plate, a plurality of oil passageways connected with the annular passageway, means for supplying air to the plate and spaced from, the annular passageways, said plate being provided with a suitable lire proof materia l. as crushed fire brick for absorbing the oil and means for regulating the supply of" oil.

2. An oil burner construction comprising plate member termed with an air inlet opening through the center portion, an annular oil receiving passageway arranged about the opening and having its lower edge sp ced from the bottom of the plate to permit the oil to escape, a plurality of openings leading into the passageway for supplying oil thereto, said plate having an inclined bottom surface to permit the oil to flow from the annular passageway downward to the outer margin and a fire proof and oil ab-- sorbing material located on the inclined bottom surtace, means for supplying air to the absorbent material, and means for deflect in the incoming air through the centrally inclined opening, as described.

In an oil burning apparatus, the combination, of a plate member formed with a plurality of conical shaped air inlet passages and a centrally arranged main air in-.

let passageway, a plurality of oil inlet passages located at the lower edge of the centrally ar 'anged air inlet passages and which are n'iaintained in a cool condition by the incoming :eam oi cool air therethrough to prevent the incoming oil from being vaporized, said centrally arranged air passage be lag surrounded at its upper or outlet end with an annular oil receiving chamber which is in direct communication with the outlet ends oi the plurality of oil inlet passages, and a deflecting plate spaced from the end of the main air inlet passageway and over the urn nular oil receiving chamber.

4;. In an oil burning apparatus, the combination oi" a plate member formed with a plurality of air inlet passages and a centrally arranged main air inlet passageway, a plurality oi oil inlet passages located about the centrally arranged air inlet passages and which are maintained in a cool-condition by the incoming stream of cool air therethrough to prevent the oil from being vaporized, said centrally arranged air passage being surrounded with an oil receiving chamber having a depending flange which open at its bottom part and which is in communication with the plurality o't oil inlet passages, and an air deflecting plate spaced :trom the upper end of the main air inlet pas-ageway, said plate member having an inclined bottom surface for permitting the oil to flow by gravity from the oil inlet passages and an oil absorbent material located on the inclined bottom surface for taking up the oil as described.

LEO KRESSER.

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