US1469566A - Method of manufacturing turbine rotors - Google Patents

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Get. 2, 1923.

J. WEISHAUPL METHOD oF MANUFACTURING TURBINEy RoToRs Filedy Dec. v11. 1922 Patented oa. 2, 1923i. i

GESELLSCHAFT' Dna MASCHINENFABRIKEN nscnnnwyssa cIn,y or aumen,

SWITZERLAND;

JOSEPH WEISHUPL, orfzuRIcH, SWITZERLAND, AssIGNoR TOTHEFIBM'AKTIN i Laaste 4Application mearecember 1.1, 1922. serial-11x10, coal-52'.,-

rf. Be' it known that I, Josnrrr VEISHUPL,

-a citizen f, the .Republicof Switzerland,

Vterial betweenthefdiscs is not forgedv down to the diameter'V of-the, shaft fbutfis by, Vsteps .roughturnedofi'g 0nV-.a lathe,.1 After the first step fOf rough turningQthegremaining mal 4 Lterial between the discs is forged and thereby made homogeneous,;whereuponfurther material isjremoved .ona lathe duringthe next step, a further rforging and homogene izing ofthe remaining material being ef-V fected and so on until the forgingof the/sg '.rotor isfinished-vand the latterisready t0 Y presiding at Zurich, SwitzerlancL-havexin- 5 vented., cert-ain. newfand `useful Improve- .ments; in Methods/of,Manufacturing TurbineRotor'sfof which the following is a specifCationf, reference being had thereinto the"V accompanying drawing.- Y '1 In ordertoobtain high eliiciencies with rQtary engines, especial-ly steam turbines and'l gas v turbines, it is v.frequently f nec- -essary to adopt high speeds.m,This, for iinstance, is-thefcase with steam v.turbines of l5 small output when aY low steam .consumption .isdesired With high speed turbines the vrotor wheels show comparatively large vdimensions in the parts forming the boss and they.4 have. S a correspondingly vlarge weight when the rotor wheelsare manufactured in the known manner, i. e., when eve-ry rotor wheel is manufactured separately and 'the rotor wheels are mounted singly on a'shaft. The large weights ofthe rotor wheels require, however, a comparatively thick` shaft which in its turn influences unfavourably the steam consumption and the costs for With steaIn manufacturing the turbine.A turbines of small output it is therefore endeavoured to keep theshaft and therotor wheels as light as possible. dimensions and the smallest weights as well as the greatest strength are obtained'when the rotor wheels and the shaft a-re forgedy from one piece. yRotors of this type are known and they are manufactured by forging the `whole rotor out of one block, t0

which is given at first the shape correspond.

ing t0 the outer configuration of the rotor,

i 40 'whereupon the definite shape Vis given to the rotor by turning oli' the material present between the single discs, the shape of the discs, conforming yto discs of uniform strength. Y

In order to obtain a homogeneous material for the parts of the shafts between yadjacent discs, it is necessary in this case to forge also the material between Vthe discs.

down to the diameter of the shaft. l/Vith the `known processes this is, however, not

possible as the forging down of the material between the discs of the block would result in an exceedingly large increase of The smallest I cre-ase is obviously: inadmissible. Y

. `the distance-.tamn he Vtues, einen@ iii- The novel process consistsin that ,thema- .L 1

be fnallymachined on-the lathe.;v VEvery of the forging towards each other while itr is still hot.

The novel process shall nowbe'explained with reference to the accompanyingdrawing. The figures illustrate several rotors manufactured according to the vnovel process` and'in which: Y Y Y Fig. 1 is a view of a rotor,'the adjoining shaft pieces being fixed by means of screws to the rotor proper,

Fig. 2 is a View of a krotor which is subdivided at two intermediate discs, and

Fig. 3 is a View of Va rotor which is only subdividedV at the middle'disc.- t 1 Fig. 4 is a view of arotor kwhich forms one integralpiece with the adjoiningl shaft pieces. When a rotor of, the type ,illustrated in,

Fig. l is to be manufactured according to the Apresent process, to a block 1 will be given the shape indicated in Fig. 1 in dotted `lines which shape corresponds to the outer configuration of Vthe rotor. From this forged block 1 vpart of the material 1s hereupon rough turned off on a lathe, for\in`v stance, up to the chain-dotted line 11 whereby annular recesses are formed.- Then the `material in this recess can be forged to be madev homogeneous. rfhrough this forging process the distance between the discs is.

each other, By a second step in the process IDO the material is rough turned off on a. lathe up to the chain-'dotted line 12whereupon the forging" and homogenizing takes place. According to the size of the block-further similar steps in the process Ymay be necessary until the'rotorhas the shape shown by the chainldottediK line 13. With rotors having small outsider diameters and therefore a small depth of the yrecesses itis possible. to employ only one step i. e.' to rough turn ofi" the material onlyfonce and thereafter to homogenize by forging. t

i In this mannerj'fthe materialen the sides of the discs as Well 'as the 'part of the 'shaft between 'the disc'sis inade homogeneous so thataarotor forg'ed'inythis' manner Will respend to the highest requirements.

Y' TleQrotor may be subdivided intOsingle partsfasis shown in Figs. 2 and 35 in'which Athe rotor is subdivided twice 'at the discs '8579 and once Aattlie disc lOrespectiVely; fhowever, the Whole lroto-'r together Vwith the Y fbut'e" parts of thesh'afts may be 1in-ade from Vene-singleiferging, 'as' is shown in Fig. 4.

'YI la'inigr/ Y l Y Y L The process of manufacturing rotors fdr turbines,l the -rotorfwheels or discs bf which* a'e integral Ywith the appertaining KApart of the shaft, which consists in treat- 30,

"Y {ig'uration Solas toform krecesses in said i ing blocks forgedtofa determined outer con- Yture.:r

block corresponding/to intermediate spaces to be provided betWeenthero-tor dises., and

subjecting' the material :betweenthe discsr of the Vrotor to a homogenizing action during said treatment, f *Y l y 52.y The vprocess vef manufacturing lrotors for turbines, the rotor Wlieels'orldiscs of which vare integra-l with the app'ertaining Apartgof the shaft,- Which consists'in rough turning off from a block forged to a deterin'ined out'er'conguation material to ormv recesses separating the discsl of YtheA rotor, Y

rnaning between the diseste'qbminths rs- V@asses sspafatingshsl disesv oi the roter@ 3; The process fi manufamfngf rotes foi'ftufbnes, the retos-"wheels, Ldises of" which are integral withy the appsrtaining L part 'of the shaft, which consists *inl rough turning of? frenit ajblls rged' te' at' deter# rnined 7outer' configuration' inttfzfi.[lV to Aail `j vrecesses sspairatingfths discs 'of the feter, 1` I homgsnizng the innen material remain:

s genzng step untilrecesses of the required l depth are obtained between the dises; 4In testimony vWheieof L affix-my signa Jessen- 'Wnrsriituin e

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