US1466704A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

2 n Will/[1111111111111 CARBURETOR E. P. DU PONT Filed Jan.

/A/ V E /V 701? Afro/Mik.

Sept. 4, 1923.

flea 795er@ /zu [du /csmr @www N Patented Sept ll, 1923;

rr srar PATENT oFFicE.

` nnnurrrnnn PAUL nu Penner non'rcneivrn, DELAWARE.

cannunnroa.

Application inea January icrieez;` serial No. 528,271.

To all whom/it may concern:

, `Be it known that I, ELnUrHnnn yPAUL DU EONT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Montchaninf, county ofl New Castle,

and 'State of' Delaware,v have inventeda new and useful Improvement in Carburetors, of which the 'following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, `which form a part of this specification. n Y

My invention relates'to an improvement in carburetors for internal'combustionfen-` It is well known that internal combustion engines are difficult to startin cold weather on the ordinary,runningmixturefor whichr their carburetors are normally ladjusted becauseof the difficulty of vaporizing gasoline at low temperatures, and'this difficulty is most seriousin automobile' engines which are frequently exposed to extreme cold for longk periods.

To obviate this difficulty, it is ycustomary to provide manually operable means for shutting ofl or choking the air supply of the carburetor, or to supply an increased quantityrof'gasoline to themixtur'e` thuspr'oviding a richmixture which will be readily fired in the cylinders at'low ltemperatures and result in an easy starting of the engine.

" The rich mixture provided for starting ar` cold engine is, however, highly injurious to the engine when 1t is warmed up, since 1t contains a certain amount of free gasoline,

which tends tol pass by the pistons andcon- .taminate the lubricatingoil` and which upon the firing of the mixture tends to deposit carbon, fbllurther, a warmed up motor will not operate efiiciently on a rich mixture and fuel is wasted. f Therefore, it is essential, in order to avoid inefliciencyand damage to the engine, that 4the carburetor be permittedto 'deliver'a normal mixture assooneas the en- 'gine iswarmed up.

` It isrecognized that the drivers of automobiles'after having choked theirv carbuvretors for starting are prone to forget the choke and operate their engines for long periods on a rich mixture with the' result that the engines are damaged as indicated.`

The object ofgmy inventionv is to provide means whereby the carburetormay bemanually adjusted to supply a rich mixture for starting and at the same time means which will ,'actV automatically to return the carbureto'r to normal when the engine has reached a mixture. Y f

" atemperature" at which it will operate etti-Y cientlyon the normal mixture which-the carburetor is adgusted to supply. Thus, whereas a rich mixture may be supplied at anytime for starting a cold engine, the possibility oi4 chamber "of the carburetor, which ,is kept supplied withgasolinevthrough pipe leadlng from a suitable source of supply. c is a 'vimixing tube into which leads a feed nozzle d in communication with the float chamber through passage e. |The amount of gasoline yfed through-the nozzle CZ iscontrolled by a.

needle valve f. An air inlet g communicates `with the mixingtube and may be led to a point adjacent the exhaustfmanifold of anr engine 'to enable asupply or" warm air.

The mixing tube c communicates with a passager' adapted to lead kthe mixture to the engine, which is provided with a butterfiy type throttle valve manipulation 'of' which serves to control the speedof the engine.

The carburetor is provided with an auxiliary air valve j, adapted to be opened by the suction of theengine, against the action of a spring le, as the speed increasesin order to supply additional air-tothe mixture at increased engine speeds to compensate for 'the tendency' of the air rushingl bythe small aperture in nozzle e to draw anl excess of gasollne from the nozzle and supply too rich The Stem or the 'valve f is Snuabiy passed ythrough the bottom of the carburetor and is threaded at its outer end and screwed throughy a nut Z, for adpistment, `which in turn is `pivotally vconnected toa lever m, which'is pivotally supported from'they body ofthe carburetor rso that ywhen the lever is moved about its pivot,theneedlevalve'will bexmore or less entered or withdrawn from the feed nozzle d.' l' f f The lever m is adapted to be moved downwardly, against the' action ofa spring n, to,`

open the valve f by means of a hand lever moving about the suitably notched side of a quadrant p, positioned on the instrument board of an automobile, through the medium of a rod g, one end of Which is pivotally connected to lever o While the other end is passed through lever m. A stop r is adjustably secured to rod g above the lever my, which when Ithe hand lever 0 is raised Will contact With lever m and push it down- Wardly. Vilhen the lever 0 is lowered, the stop ivill be Withdrawn from lever m and spring n Will tend to raise the lever to contact with the stop toY impart a closing movement of the valve f. Y

A lever s provided adjacent one end with ratchet teeth z5 is pivotally supported by the carburetor in such position as to permit the end of lever m to engage vvith the teeth t, whereby, when the lever is loivered, as above described, it Will be held in the position into which it is moved. V

A thermostat u is positioned outside of a jacket o Which ,is adapted to contain Water in circulation with the engine cooling' system, which acts to heat the` mixing tube and mixture passage orn the carburetor'. The thermostat is so positioned es to act, when the engine is warmed up, on lever s to move it to free the ratchet teeth t from the end of lever m, permit the spring n to raise lever m and effect a closing movement ot' valve A hand lever w, adapted tor movement about a smooth side of quadrant p, is connected to pivotally mounted on the carburetor by means or a. rod The other arm of the bell crank lever is adapted, ivnen moved upwardly, to engage ivith detente z in a lever 41, pivot-ally mounted on the carburetor. A spring` 5 is secured to the bell crank lever and to the head of valve j, which, when the bell crank lever is raised, Will be put in tension and retard the opening oi valve j under the suction set up by the engine and thus retard the admission of auxiliary air.

The lever s is connected to the lever 4 by means of a link 6 so that when lever s is moved by the thermostat u to free the end of lever m from teeth t, lever il: Will be moved to free the bell crank lever 1/ from detents e and permit the bell crank lever and hand lever fw to assume normal position under the inlluence of spring 5 as it relieves itself of tension.

It Will noW be observed that in operation7 it the needle valve be adjusted to permit the proper amount of gasoline to pass through the nozzle, additional gasoline may be allowed to pass through the nozzle to obtain a rich mixture for starting by adjusting lever m downwardly by means of hand lever '1. The lever m will be maintained insuch position against the action of spring n by the one arm of a bell crank lever y,

engagement of its end with teeth t on lever s andhand lever 0 may be immediately returned to its normal position, thus p0sitioning stop r to limit the upward movement of lever 'm when `it is released from teeth t When the engine is warmed up.

The auxiliary air valve is retarded from kopening until the vengine warms up, thus ifisuring a rich mixture for starting by means of a spring 5 which is normally out of tension, but which is tensioned by hand lever w, adjustment of which rotates Y`the bell crank lever y to increase the length of the spring 5 and tension it. The bell crank lever is held in the position in Which it is adjusted by engagement With the detente z in lever el. When the thermostat u acts 1o move lever s' clear of lever m, lever 4, through its connection With lever s, is moved clear of the bell crank and spring 5 relieves itself of tension, enabling valve j to be actuated by the engine suction and returning lever w to normal position.

Referring now to Figures 2, a thermostat u is positioned to operate directly on the stem of an air valve 7 g a jacketl 8, ycontaining Water in circulation With the cooling system of the engine, being placed ov-er the thermostat in order to cause it to actuate the valve when the motor is warmed up. Thus in the more simple types of carburetors, in which a mere choking of the air supply Will su'flice to provide the necessary rich mixture, the adaptation of my invention will be simplied.

Referring ncrv to Figure 3, a rod 9 is passed through the instrument board of the automobile andterminates in the button 10 by which the rod may be slid back and forth. @n the other end is an eye 11 which may be connected Vto any device on a carburetor as a choke valve, the purpose of which may be to facilitate starting When cold. A grooved portion 12 of the rod 9 has placed against it a rounded piece 13 held incontact by a spring 14:. The piece 13 Will tend to drop into the notches or grooves in rod 9 so that the rod ivill snap into position and Will not be jarred out of position by vibra.- tion nor will it come out of position Without considerable force being applied to it in order to dis-engage the hold of the piece 13 in notches 12. The position of the rod 9 may be moved or changed at any time irrespectivel of' Whether the piece 13 is in Contact with it or not. The spring tends to push the rod outward, the tension of the spring le being such that the tension of the spring 15 is not suilicient to push the rod unless the tension from the spring 14 is released. This is brought about by the action of the thermostat 16, influenced by heat from the circulation ,of a portion of the engine cooling Water in the space 17, which lifts the piece 13 from the grooves 12, eauSng a llO the carburetor will function efiiciently at `efficie'nt engine temperature, and means oper able when the engine is atan eiiicient tem* perature to automatically effect a return of the fuel valve to its predetermined adjust-l ment.

2. The combination with .a carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising a fuel valve, means to adjust said Vvalve to a predetermined position to supply `an eiiicient amount of fuel, manually operable means whereby said valve may be opened to supply an excess amount of fuel for starting the engine, and means operable automatically under the influence of the heat of the 'engine adapted to return said valve to its predetermined adjustment after the engine, having been started, has reached an eflicient temperature. c

3. The combination With a carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprising a fuel valve and an air valve, means to adjust said valves to predetermined relative positions to provide an eflicient mixture to the engine, manually operable means whereby the relative adjustment of said valves may be changed to provide an enriched mixture for starting the engine, and kmeans operable automatically under the` influence of the heat of the engine adapted to return said valves to their predetermined relative positions after the engine, having been started, has reached an eiiicient temperature.

4. The combination with a carburetor for internal combustion engines, of an adjust-L able fuel valve, a pivoted lever supporting said valve, manually operable means for imparting movement to said lever to effect adjustment of said valve out of Vnormal for starting, means to fiX said valve in any desired adjustment for starting, and means acting automatically to effect a return of-y said valve to any desi-red normal adjustment when the engine after starting vhas reached an eflicient temperature.

5. The combination with a carburetor for internalcombustion engines, comprising a fuel valve and an auxiliary air valve, of manuallyV operable means adapted to effect an'opening of said fuel valve greater than normal, normally inoperative means adapted toy be manually adjusted to retard the opening o f said auxiliaryy air valve, and means acting automatically to permit said fuel valve to return to normal and render inoperative said retarding'means when the engine is at an yeflicient temperature.

6. The combination With a carburetor for internal combustion engines, comprisingy an adjustable'lfuel valve and an auxiliary air valve, of means tending to maintain said fuel valve innormal adjustment, manually operable means adapted to effect a change in the adjustment of said fuel valve, means to maintain said valve in the position to which it is manually adjusted, normally inoperative means adaptedto be manually adjusted to retard the opening of said air valve, means tending to maintain said retarding means in adjusted position, and a thermostat adapted to be actuated at an efiicient enn gine temperature to release said fuel valve and permit its return to normal and to ren-- der said air valve retarding means inoperative. i

7. The combination with afcarburetor for f internal combustion engines, of manually adjustable means for effecting production by the carburetor of a mixture richer than normal for starting, means to maintain said manually adjustable means in adjusted position, means for warming the carburetor, and a thermostat actuatable at an efficient temperature of said Warmingmeans to release said maintaining means. and permit production by'the carburetor of a normal mixture.

y 8, The combination With a carburetor for internal combustion engines, of means to Warm the carburetor, means to increase the opening of the gasoline feed thereto, a spring tending to return said feed to normal, a ratchet adapted to maintain said feed at an increased opening, and a thermostat actuatable, When the carburetor is at an efficient temperature, to release said ratchet and permit the feed to return to normal.y

9.'The combination with a carburetor for l Vtemperature to release said holding means.

In testimony of Which invention, I have hereunto set my hand, at VWilmington on this second day of December, 1921.

yELlilllTl-IERE PAUL nu PONT.

Witness: `Y v "SAMUnL'I-I. BAYNARD, Jr.

Images