US1457443A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

M 6 7d 13 11 77/577; ejLY June5, 1923. A 4 1,457,443

M. LIPTAK FURNACE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 32 a I f Filed Dec. 5, 1918 0000 060 O O O 000 O OO OQQO June 5, 1923.

M. LIPTAK Filed Dec. 5, 1918 FURNACE 6 fill/(277757 Jill/7727i 25heets-Sheet 2 Patented June 5, 1923.

UNITED STATES-PATENT OFFICE.

MICHAEL LIPTAK, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA. 'ASSIGNOR TO LIPTAK FIRE BRICK ARC H ('10., OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ACORPORATION OF MINNESOTA.

FURNACE.

Application filed December 5, 1918. Serial No, 265,448.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I MICHAEL LIPTAK, a citizen of the United tates, residing at'St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and ciency is increased, its original first cost is reduced, and repairs such as replacement of certain of the blocks may be made with ease and at small cost.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like characters indicate like'parts throughout the several views. Referring to the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken longitudinally through the furnace on line 1-1, Fig.

2, some parts being broken away and some parts being shown in full;

Fig.2 is a transverse section taken ap- 1proximately on the irregular line 22 of Fig. 3 is a view partly in plan and partly in horizontal section on the line 33' of Fig. 2; v

Fig. 4 is a view partly in front elevation and partly in vertical section showingthelower portion of the front bafile wall, some of the blocks beingremoved; and i Fig. 5 is a perspective view with some parts sectioned, showing substantially the same parts that are shown in Fig. 4.

The furnace comprises the customary niasonary walls 6, bridge wall 7 and grates 8.

The horizontal return tube boiler 9 is sup- .ported within the furnace above the bridge wall in the usual or any suitable way, not necessary for the purposes ofthis case to consider.

In Figs. 1 and 2, the boiler tubes are indicated by the numeral 10, and in Fig. 1, the customary blow-out pipe is indicated by the numeral 11. In Fig. 1, burning coal on the grate 8 is indicated by the numeral 12.

In furnaces of this character, two bafile Walls have heretofore been employed, the first one thereof being located forward of the bridge wall 7 and the other being located considerably at the rear of the. said bridge wall. In Fig. 1, the front bafile wall is designated, as an entirety, by the character A and the rear baffle wall is indicated. as an entirety by the character B. These two walls may be generally of very light construction, but the front wall isprovided with air superheating passages arranged in certain of the blocks in a novel manner. The construction of the front baffle wall will first be described.

This front baffle wall is supported by a transverse horizontal beam 13 preferably a cast structure and having its ends embedded in the walls of the furnace. At its-upper edge, this beam 13 has upwardly diverging hanger flanges 14 that give. the upper por- Also, at the sides of its lower portion, the

beam is provided with beveled hanger ribs 16 for a purpose which will presently ap.

pear.

The sides of the beam 13 are faced with and protected from the heat by side facing blocks 17 and 17 which, near their upper and formed with lower lips 19 that are adapted to engage the sharp edges of the lower ribs 16 of the beam. It is important edges, are provided with undercut lips 18 to note, (see particularly Fig-5) that when the side facing blocks 17 and 17' are hung on the beam 13, they will have contact therewith only at twoplaces andv engage with comparatively sharp edges only of the said beam. This gives an air space nearly around the entire beam and protects the same against excessive heat.

- The bottom of the beam 13 and the lower ends of' the blocks 17 and 17 are protected enough to span the entire under end portions of the'front and rear blocks 17 and 17 The by bottom facing blocks 20 that are wide bottoms of said blocks 20 are preferably rounded, and at their front edges they are provided with vertical flanges 21 that fit into rabbets or grooves 22 formed in the lower faces of the blocks 17. That is, the upper portions of the bottom blocks 20 are lapped with the lower portions of the blocks 17, so as to bridge the joints and thus prevent passage of flames and heat between the blocks to the beam 13.

The bottom facing blocks are replaceable without disturbing the blocks 17, and preferably. this is accomplished by means of metallic hanger brackets 23. These hanger brackets comprise relatively long horizontal lower portions 24 and relatively short upper portions or heads 25 connected by small necks 26. In vertical cross section, the low,- er portions 24 of the hanger brackets are preferably of inverted T-shape and the heads 25 are elongated in line with the said lower portions 24. In a direction transversely of the hanger brackets their heads 25 are so narrow that they may be inserted vertically into the lock groove 15 of the beam 13, but in length they aresuch that when turned into a direction at a right angle to the beam, said heads 25 will be interlocked with said grooves 15 and the hanger brackets thus hung from the beam.

The blocks 20 are adapted-to be slid onto and interlocked with the flanged lower portions 24 of the hanger brackets 23, and for this purpose, are provided with transverse inverted T-shaped grooves 20 that are open at one end and at thev top so that they may, as stated, be slid endwise onto the flanged lower portion 24 of the hanger brackets 23. Preferably, the vertical flange 21 of the blocks 20 are at the front side of the beam and the open ends of the slots 26 are at the rear side of said beam. This is important because the blocks 20 cannot be knocked from position if struck by the poker. and moreover, after the blocks are applied, the open ends of the slots 26 may be closed with a high temperature cement. With the above arrangement of blocks 17 and 20, it is evident that the blocks 20 may be slid horizontally to position or from position without disturbing the front or rear side facing blocks 17. This is important, because the bottom facing blocks 20 will be burned away much more rapidly than the blocks 17 and will require much more frequent replacing.

Laid on top of the side facing blocks 17 are crowning blocks. of which, as shown, there are but three,-to wit, a central crown block 27 and end crown blocks 28. The end crown blocks 28 are only wide enough to span the upper ends of the front and rear blocks 17, but the central block 27 is much wider and projects beyond the rear of the rear facing blocks. Said blocks 27 and 28 are open at the bottom. The end blocks 28 in their undersides, are formed with angular channels 29 which, at the front, are open at 29 and at sides adjacent to the ends of the central block 27-are open at 29". The-central block 27 at its underside, is formed with a channel 30, the ends 30 of which 'register with the extremities 29 of the channel 29 of the end blocks 28. The channel 30 in the central block 27 being open at the bottom and extended rearward of the rear blocks 17 affords a discharge opening for the downward discharge of the superheated air and gases, and to increase this opening, the rear blocks 17. at their upper portions, are beveled, as shown at 31.

Preferably, the blocks 17, 20, 27 and 28 are made of refractory clay or of the same material generally used forifire bricks.

The top of the haflie wall is completed by fire bricks 32 built on top of the blocks 27 and 28. These bricks 32 close the space between the blocks 27 and 28 and the boiler and between the side walls of the furnace.

The rear battle wall B is, or may be assumed to be of the same construction as the wall A, except that the crowning blocks 27 and 28 are omitted and the fire brick wall structure is built directly on top of the blocks 17. The beam 13 of the rear battle wall B is somewhat like the beam 13, but with the channel in the lower edge thereof omitted. In this rear wall, side facing blocks 17 are hung much like the blocks 17 but are provided with downwardly curved extensions 17 that underface the beams 13, thereby taking the place of the blocks 20. This rear baflie wall is not subjected to as intense heat as the front ballle wall. Moreover, the blocks of the 'rear baffle wall are not where they will be reached by a poker or firing tool. The brick work 32 of the said rear wall is laid on top of the blocks 17.

For running the boiler, the coal will be banked against the lower portion of the front battle wall A and therefore, cut off direct draft immediately over the top of the coal. The most intense fire will be between the baflie wall 7, and the incomplete combustion which produces the most smoke will be in front of the said wall A. The air laden with the smoke from the front of the baffle wallwill pass through the channels of the two end crowning blocks 28 and thence through the channel of the central block 27 and be discharged at the rear of the battle wall, and directly over the most intense part of the fire. Moreover. as the air and products of combustion make the above noted passage through the blocks 28 and 27, they are caused to take a zigzag course and are brought against the walls of the blocks, and inasmuch as these blocks are very hot combustion is further'intensified. It is a known fact that the most intense. part of the fire is A and the bridge wall eflioiency with the fuel employed, but abates the smoke nuisance.

It is important to note that this improved bafiie wall is of such nature that it may be "easily installed in furnaces already in use and without tapping or draining the boiler. In fact, this baffle wall can be installed in any boiler in about four hours, so that even in cold weather, the boiler would not be put out of action entirely'to such an extent as to cause freezing in the plant heated thereby.

Also, in addition to the novel features of construction of the bafile wall, perse, I have provided an important and new combination and'relative arrangement of grate, -bridge wall and two baffle walls, the one located over the grate in front of the bridge wall and the other at the rear of the bridge wall, and with the bridge wall extended upward above. the lower ,edges of the baffle walls. -\Vith the above arrangement, the gases and flames from the grate are retarded by the front baffie wall, are then upwardly deflected by the bridge wall and again downwardly deflected by'the rear bafile wall so that the escape of the flames and hot gases is somewhat retarded and caused to produce a maximum heatingeffect on the. boiler before passing to theflues.

It will be further noted that the gases that pass through the crown blocks of the front bridge wall are turned downward or deflected to points slightly below the top of the bridge wall 7, so that they are commingled with the intensely hot flames and then deflected upward against the bottom of the boiler. This gives a very highly tficient arrangement a What I claim is:

1. In a furnace, a baflle wall comprising a metallic supporting beam, side facing blocks hung upon said beam, and bottom facing blocks suspended from said beam and detachable therefrom while said side facing blocks are in positiong 2. In a furnace, a baffie wall comprising a metallic supporting beam, side facing blocks hung upon said beam, bottom facing blocks suspended from said beam and detachable therefrom while said side facing blocks are in position, crown blocks supported on said side facing blocks, and a masonry-wall built on said crown blocks.

3. In afurnace, a. baflie wall comprising a metallic supporting beam, side-facing blocks hung upon said beam, bottom facing blocks suspended from said beam and detachable therefrom while said side facing blocks are in position, crown blocks supported on said side facing blocks, and a masonry wall built on said crown blocks, the said crown blocks 7 having channels that co-operate toform a horizontal zigzag passage through which the gases may pa$.. i

4. In a furnace, a baffle wall comprising a metallic beam, side facingblocks hung on said beam, metallic hanger brackets detachably interlocked to said beam, and bottom facing blocks slidably interlocked to said hanger brackets.

5. In a furnace, a baflle wall comprisinga metallic beam, side facing blocks hung on said beam, metallic hanger brackets detachably interlocked to said beam, bottom facing blocks slidably interlocked to "said hanger brackets, said bottom facing blocks being removable from said hangers only by forward sliding movements, and said hanger brackets being held interlocked to said beam when said bottom facing blocks are in position.

6. In'a furnace, a bafile wall comprising a metallic beam and blocks supported by said beam,certain of said blocks having co-operating flame passages which, along the front side ofthe beam, extend from near the side walls, and which, at the rear of said beam open only at a point near the transverse center 'of the furnace for the discharge of smoke and gases at the return point ofcombustion.

7. Ina furnace, the combination with a metallic beam having an open-lock channel in its lower'edge, of flanged hanger brack-.

ets having heads insertable" into interlocking engagement with said lock channel when said brackets ane turned parallel to said beam and then rotated to position transversely thereof, bottom facing blocks hav- -ing grooves for interlocking engagement with said hangerbrackets by rearward movement of said hanger blocks when said brackets are in position.

.8. In a furnace, the combination with a metallic beam having an open lock channel in its lower edge, of flanged hanger brack- -ets having heads insertable into interlocking engagement with said lock channel when said brackets are turned parallel to said beam and then rotated to position transversely thereof, bottom facing blocks having grooves for interlocking engagement with co ination with a metallic beam having an open lock channel ets having heads insertable into interlocking engagement with said lock channel when said brackets are turned parallel to said beam and then rotated to position transversely thereof, bottom facing blocks having grooves for interlocking engagement with said hanger brackets by rearward movement of said hanger blocks when said brackets are in position, side facing blocks hung on said beam, and having an overlapping joint with the front ends of said bottom facing blocks, crown blocks laid on said side facing blocks and provided with draft passages, and a masonry wall built on said crown blocks.

10. In a furnace, a baflie wall comprising a metallic beam having block-supp-ortin flanges extended longitudinally thereo hanger brackets on said beam, and side and bottom facing blocks having flanges constructed for engagement respectively with the longitudinal flanges of said beam and with said hanger brackets, and adapting said blocks to be independently applied and removed by movements transversely of the said longitudinal flanges of the beam.

, 11. In a furnace, a battle wall comprising a metallic beam havingdiverging flanges at its upper edge and supporting ribs near its lower edge, side facing blocks having lips adapting them to be hung on the flanges and ribs of said beam, and bottom facing blocks detachably hung from the beams and removable from the beam without disturbing said side facing blocks, the front side facing blocks having rabbeted lower edges and the said bottom facing blocks. at their frontedges having ribs fitting said rabbets and forminglap joints.

12. In a furnace, a baflie wall comprising a metallic beam having diverging flanges at its upper edge and supporting ribs near its lower edge, side facing blocks having lips adapting them to be hung on thefianges and ribs of said beam, bottom facing blocks deta 'hably hung from the beams and removable from the beam without disturbing said side facing blocks, and crown blocks laid on said side facing blocks, the central member of said crown blocks being wider than the end members so as to project beyond the rear side facing blocks, and the said crown blocks having co-operating draft passages arranged to receive the smoke and gases at the front of the arch from near the side walls and to discharge the same rearward of said wall approximately at the transverse center of the furnace. In testimony whereof I aifix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

MICHAEL LIPTAK. Vitnesses HARRY D. KILGORE, T. D. MERCHANT.

Images