US1456328A - Canada - Google Patents

Description

May 22, 1923. 1

. J. MoRAvEc ROSSING MACHINE Filed Nov. 12. 1921 3 110211 f or e/kn flora/mac,

m A; w N NRW m m ||ll llll ll I I I l I l I I I l l l l I l l I I I I l I l l I I I 1 l l IL Z affotncq Patented May 22, 1923.

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN MORAVEC, OF VANCOUVER, BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA.

ROSSING MACHINE.

Application filed November 12, 1921. Serial No. 514,655.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, JorIN MoRAvEc, citizen of the Dominion of Canada, residing at Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rossing Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to a rossing or wood barking machine; more particularly to a machine for removing bark from logs.

It is desirable to entirely remove the bark from the logs as rapidly as possible and without wasting any of the valuable wood. Log barking machines of various types have been heretofore proposed, but they are objectionable because they are of a more or less complex character; or because they re quire frequent stopping to sharpen or renew dull cutters; or because they require a fluid under high pressure in their operation; or because they only partly remove the bark requiring the rest to be peeled by hand. A

very serious objection in those log barking machines heretofore in use and which employ cutters has been that, while they may be etiicient in removing the bark of the logs from which pulp is to be made, they do not stop with the removal of the bark, but remove and waste considerable quantities of the wood forming part of the log.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a log barking machine of simple and rugged construction which will rapidly and completely remove the bark from the logs without cutting away or wasting any of the Wood.

Another object of this invention is to provide a log barking machine capable of continuous operation at high speed for comparatively long periods of time.

Other objects and features of construction will be apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig.1 is a somewhat diagrammatic side elevation of a rossing machine embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is an end view of the same looking from the right in Fig. 1, and

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view showing a fragment of the periphery of one of the cutters.

Broadly stated, my invention embodies a rossing machine having combined cutting and feeding means adapted to remove the outer surface or bark from a log and at the same time to rotate the log, said means also tending to force the log longitudinally against a limitin abutment.

More specifical y, my invention embodies a pair or pairs of cutters cooperating to support a log and acting to rotate the same and tending to feed it longitudinally, the cutters in each pair being mounted on axes oppositely inclined relatively to the direction of feed of the log, means for operating said cutters, one of the cutters in each pair being operated at a higher speed than the other and means for limiting longitudinal movement of the log.

It is to be understood that the specific embodiment of my invention illustrated and described is merely one form typical of the broad invention chosen to explain the principles of the broad invention and is to be taken as illustrative and not restrictive.

Referring to thedrawings, 10 indicates any suitable base or supporting frame upon which are mounted for rotating in suitable bearings the cutting drums 11 and 12 having a cylindrical periphery. These cutting rolls 11 and 12, which are of a special construction to be described later, are mounted adjacent each other and are adapted in this instance to support the log or logs to be barked, indicated in dotted lines at A. The cutters 11 and 12 have their axes inclined relatively to each other so that when they are rotated by suitable means, the log or logs supported thereby will be rotated and caused to move longitudinally. In the example illustrated, the cutters 11 and 12 are each mounted for rotation on axes oppositely inclined' from the horizontal, but it is to be understood that I am not to be limited to the specific arrangement shown. As stated heretofore, the cutters may be rotated by any suitable means, but the arrangement illustrated by me is preferred because of its simplicity and strength. The journals 110 and 120 of cutters 11 and 12 are each provided with gears 13 and 14: respectively meshing with a common driving gear 15 end of the machine.

secured to shaft 16 driven by any suitable means, such as pulley wheel 17, so that when gear 15 is rotated, both cutters will rotate in the same direction. In order to increase the cutting action, it is desirable to rotate one of the cutters at a higher speed than the other. In the example illustrated, this is accomplished by making the gears 13 and 14 of different sizes, one having more teeth than the other, thereby giving a higher circumferential speed to one of the cutting rolls than to the other.

When a log to be barked is placed on the rapidly rotating cutting rolls, it is caused to rotate to constantly present new surfaces to the cuttersand at the same time is fed or moved longitudinally toward one end of the machine, provided said log is free to move longitudinally. In order to ensure a complete removal of the bark, I provide means for arresting or limiting the longitudinal or endwise movement of the logs. Such means may take any convenient form, but in the present instance, this comprises a stop or abutment in the form of a horizontally rotating thrust roller or pulley 18 mounted for rotation on the supporting bearing 19 mounted on the frame 10 at one In view of the fact that the cutting rolls rotate on axes oppositely inclined relatively to the direction of feed of the log, it will be seen that the retating cutters exert a. severe shearing cutting action orr the rotating log, especially when it is held against longitudinal movement by stop 18, resulting in a rapid wearing awayof the bark, and leaving a clean surface free from bark.

While various forms of cutters -may be employed within the broad scope of the in vention, I- have provided specially designed cutters that are particularly desirable in certain respects, especially in that they enable the log or logs to be supported without Jumping or bouncing around and so that the bark may be removed evenly and smoothly and without wasting any of the valuable wood. Furthermore, by using my improved cutters, I avoid frequent stopping of the machine, to renew broken or dull cutter knives. My cutter, indicated by 11 or 12 comprises a metal cylinder or drum, preferably made ofhardened metal, such as steel or chilled iron; provided with longitudinal gr'oo'veaor flutes 20in the periphery to form a series of laterally adjacent teeth 21. The edgesofijthe teeth 21 are round or sharpene d to provide cutting edges 22. As the riphery oflthc roll or drum.

1 projecting surfaces ofthe teeth lie in and form a part of thecylindrical periphery of the cutting roll or drum, it follows that the cuttin-g'edges of the teeth are all flush with and do not project beyond the said pe- One half of these cutting edges are turned in one direction and the other half turned in the other direction. It will be seen, therefore, that the cutters may be rotated in either direction. When one set of cutting edges becomes dull, it is only necessary to reverse the direction of rotation of the cutters and the other set of cutting edges begins to operat-e. Because of the extreme hardness of the material of which the cutting rolls are made, the cutting edges of the teeth remain sharp for unusually long periods of time,

especially if the direction of rotation is reversed at times. The pitch of the teeth and the depth of the grooves or flutes may vary with the kind of logs being operated upon, the grooves or flutes being at all times of sufficient width and depth to provide proper clearance. As shown in the drawing, the grooves or flutes 20 are formed so as to extend longitudinally along the surface of the cylinders or rolls 11 and 12 and preferably they have a slight helical deviation from a line parallel to the axes of the rolls. There by a shearing cutting or slip out action on the bark is obtained in addition to the shear ing action, due to longitudinal thrust exercised by the cutters. It is, however, evident that the grooves or flutes may be arranged parallel to the axis of the cylinder or roll without departing from the spirit of my invention.

In operation, a log is fed into the ma chine so that it rests between, and is supported by, the cutting rolls 11 and 12. the weight ofthe log causing it to be held in proper engagement with the cutting rolls. I have only shown one pair'of cuttingrolls, but it is obvious that several pairs'may be arranged longitudinally of each other. The rotating cutters, turning on axes inclined relatively to each other, cut or wear away the bark, at the same time rotating the log and forcing it longitudinally against the stop or abutment 18. The log is held in this position. being rotated by the rotating cutters to constantly present/new surfaces to the cutting edges which exert a constant shearing cutting action on the log whereby the bark is quickly and completely removed. The cutting action is materially increased because of the fact that one of the. cutters is driven at a higher speed; than the other one. It will be observed that the cutting edges of the cutters are, relatively close together and all flush with and lying in the periphery of the cylindrical drums 11 and 12 and that the projecting surfaces of the teeth between the cutting edges are part of the same circle. This construction permitsthe logs to be cut evenly and to be supported 011 the cutters without being thrown about, the bark beingquickly removed substantially Without taking any of the valuable wood.

With an apparatusconstructed according to my invention, the cutting edges being flush with the cylindrical surface of the cutting rolls, only the bark which yields and is pressed into the grooves of the rolls under the weight of the log can be gripped by the cutting edges of the grooves and after this bark has been entirely removed the wooden part of the log simply rests on the cylindrical periphery of the rolls, presenting no part to the action of the cutters. Thus the danger of waste and cutting away of the wood during or after the removal or" thebark, which exists in all the barking machines having cutters projecting outward beyond the periphery of the roller, is efiectually done away with.

I claim:

1. In a rossing machine a pair of cutters arranged to conjointly support a log longitudinally to themselves and to rotate the same.

2. In a rossing machine, a pair of cutting rollers arranged to conjointly support a log longitudinally to themselves, in combination with means for rotating said cutting rollers both in the same direction and at difierent speeds, respectively.

3. In a rossing machine, a series of cutters adapted to conjointly support a log in a longitudinal position with respect to their axes and acting to rotate the same and to exert a force tending to move it longitudinally, means for driving said cutters, part of said series of cutters being driven faster than the other part and means for limiting longitudinal movement of the log.

4. In a rossing machine, a scraping cutter arranged to rotate and coincidently to exercise a longitudinal thrust on a log, in combination with a second cutter extending substantially in the same direction as the first cutter and arranged in such position with respect to the first cutter as to support a log arranged longitudinally with respect to the cutters, means for driving said cutters, one of said cutters being driven faster than the other.

5. In a rossing machine, a series of rotary scraping cutters adapted to conjointly support a log and arranged longitudinally with respect to the position to be occupied by the log, a part of said series of cutters being mounted for rotation on an axis inclined with respect to the axis of the other part and means for rotating said cutters to rotate the log and to exert a force tending to move it longitudinally.

6. In a rossing machine, a series of rotary cutters, adapted to conjointly support a log, a part of said series of cutters being mounted for rotation on an axis inclined with respect to the axis of the other part and means for rotating said cutters to rotate the log and to exert a force tending to move it longitudinally, a part of said series ofcutters being rotated faster than the other part,

'1'. In a rossing machine, a series of rotary cutters adapted to conjointly support a log and arranged longitudinally with respect to the position to be occupied by the log, a part of said series of cutters being mounted for rotation on an axis inclined with respect to the axis of the other part, means for rotating said cutters to rotate the log and to exert a force tending to move it longitudinally and means limiting longitudinal movement of the log.

8. In a rossing machine, a series of rotary cutters arranged to conjointly support a log in a substantially parallel position to themselves, a part of said series of cutters being mounted for rotation on an axis inclined with respect to the axis of the other part, means for rotating said cutters to ro tate the log and to exert a force tending to move it longitudinally, a part of said series of cutters being rotated faster than the other part and means limiting longitudinal movement of the log.

9. In a rossing machine, the combination of two cutters cooperating to support a log in a position substantially parallel to them selves and arranged to rotate the same and to exert a force tending to feed it longitudinally, the cutters being mounted on axes oppositely inclined relatively to the direction of feed of the log.

10. In a rossing machine, the combination of two cutters cooperating to support a log in a position substantially parallel to themselves and arranged to rotate the same and to exert a force tending to feed it longitudinally, the cutters being mounted on axes oppositely inclined relatively to the direction of feed of the log, and means for limiting longitudinal movement of the log.

11. In a rossing machine, the combination of two cutters cooperating to support a log in a position substantially parallel to themselves and arranged to rotate the same and to exert a force tending to feed it longitudinally, the cutters being mounted on axes oppositely inclined relatively to the direction or" feed of the log, means for operating said cutters, one of the cutters being operated at a higher speed than the other one and means for limiting longitudinal movement of the log.

12. In a rossing machine, the combination of two rotary cutters cooperating to support a log in a position substantially parallel to themselves and arranged to rotate the same and to exert a force tending to feed it lon gitudinally, the cutters being mounted on axes oppositely inclined relatively to the horizontal, means for rotating said cutters in the same direction, one of said cutters being rotated at a higher speed than the other one and means for limiting longitudinal movement of the log.

13. In a rossing machine, the combination of two rotary cutters cooperating to support a log-and acting to rotate the same and to exert force tendingto feed it longitudinally, the cuttersbeingmoanted on journals 3 oppositely inclined relatively to the horizontal, a gear mounted on each of said outter journals, one of said gears having more teeth than the other one, both of said gears bengdriven by a common. driving gear and a horizontally rotating thrust pulley to limit longitudinal movement of the log.

14. A scraping cutter comprising a drum arranged to support a log and to lie longitudinally of the same, said drum being longitudinally grooved at intervals to form a series of adjacent teeth, with opposite cutting edges, the length of said drum being greater than its diameter.

15. A cutter comprising a cylindrical drum, said drum being grooved longitudinally at intervals to form a series of laterally adjacent teeth, said teeth being formed with cutting edges all lying in and flush with the periphery of the drum.

16. A cutter for rossing bark comprising a cylindrical drum longitudinally grooved to form a series of laterally adjacent out- Wardly tapering teeth formed with cutting edges at the intersection of the outer faces of the teethvand the side walls of the grooves, said cutting edges being flush with the drum periphery.

17. A cutter for rossing bark comprising a cylindrical drum of hardened metal, said drum being longitudinally grooved at intervals so as to form a series of adjacent substantially longitudinal teeth, the opposite edges of said teethbeing sharpened to form cutting edges.

18. In a rossing machine, a pair of substantially parallel cylindrical drums arranged to support a log and to lie longitudinally of the same, each drum being grooved to form substantially longitudinal edges lying in and flush with the periphery of the drum.

19. In a rossing machine, a pair of substantially parallel cylindrical drums arranged to support a log along longitudinal lines, each drum being grooved to form a series of substantially longitudinal cutting edges, in combination with means for rotating said drums in the same direction.

20. In a rossing machine, a pair of substantially parallel cylindrical drums arranged to support a log along substantially longitudinal lines, each drum being grooved to form a series of longitudinal cutting edges flush with the periphery of the drum and having a slight deviation from a line parallel to the axis of each respective drum.

21. In a rossing machine, a pair of substantially parallel cylindrical drums, each provided with longitudinal grooves to form longitudinal teeth whose projecting surfaces lie in the periphery of the drum and whose edges, also lying in said periphery, are sharpened to form cutters, the axes of said drums being inclined with respect to one another, in combination with means to rotate the drums both in thesame direction.

22. In a rossing machine, apair of substantially parallel cylindrical drums, each provided with longitudinal grooves to form longitudinal teeth whose projecting surfaces lie in the periphery ofthe drums and whose edges, also lying in the periphery of the drums, are sharpened to form cutters, the axes of said drums being inclined one with respect to the other, in combination with means to rotate the drums both in the same direction and one drum at a higher speed than the other.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

JOHN MORAVEC.

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