US1454669A - Mechanism for drawing or drafting fibrous material - Google Patents

Description

A. C. BUTLER MECHANISM FOR DRAWING OR DRAF'TING FIBROUS MATERIAL Filed April 13 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 8, 1923. 4 1,454,669

A. c. BUTLER MECHANISM FOR DRAWING OR DRAFTING FIBROUS MATERIAL Filed April 13 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented MECHANISM FOR DRAWING OR DRAFTING FIBROUS MATERIAL.

Application filed April 13, 1921. Serial No. 461,139.

(GRANTED UNDER THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT OF MARGfi 3, 1921, 41 STAT. L; 1313.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I. ARTHUR CECIL BUT- LER, a subject of the King of Great Britain, and residing at Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in Mechanism for Drawing or Drafting Fibrous Material, for which I have filed applications in Great Britain, July 27. 191$, Patent No. 17699 of 1914, and inCanada, May 31, 1920, application No. 241,830, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has relation to the drawin of rovings and has for its object to provide a simple improvement in the drawing mechanism of drawing, fly, r spinning frames.

In the drawing mechanism of such instrumentalities, the roving is passed between separated pairs of rolls and the rolls of the several pairs are rotatedat increasing speeds in the direction of travel of the roving so as to draw out the fibers and elongate the roving. The fibers which compose the roning are of different lengths and it frequently occurs in the ordinary draft mechanism that the am is delivered in an uneven and bunc y condition, thls being caused to some extent by the longer fibers drawing along with them some of the shorter fibers so that the draft is uneven. a

The present invention provides meansby which a very long draft may be attained in a single stage while the evenness of the yarn is maintained. -Tl1is construction makes possible the production of fine yarn from the rovings with a minimum number of passes through the drawing mechanism and consequently eliminates the necessity of many of the spindles heretofore used toreceive the yarn intermediate the several drawing operations since the roving and fine roving frames may be rendered unnecessary even for spinning fine counts of yarn.

The mechanism vprovided according to this invention is applicable at any stage in the manufacture of fibrous material after the fibers have been arranged in substantially parallel relation as in the form of a lap, ribbon, sliver, or roving, for-example, after the material has been carded or, after the process'of drawing as performed in a drawing rolls hitherto employed in spinning frames. i

More particularly this invention provides, means for restraining the passage of the roving'between successive drawing rolls to retain the fibers in general parallel relation and to prevent the shorter fibers from. bunch-' ing as theroving is passed through the mechanism.

For a more complete understanding of this invention reference may be had to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a somewhat diagrammatic side elevation of. one form of the mechanism.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary plan of the same parts.

Figure 3 is a side elevation illustrating a modified form of mechanism assembled-on the roll stand.

s Figure 4 is a fragmentary the parts shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a diagrammatic side elevation illustrating a third form of mechanism.

Figure 6 is a diagrammatic side elevation illustrating two mechanisms similar to those shown in Figures 3 and 4 arranged for successive operation on the roving.

plan of some of Figure 7 is a diagrammatic s1 whichillustrat es a further modification.

Referring to Figures land 2, a and I) represent the bottom and top front rolls, re

de elevation spectively. The second and back rolls ordinarily employed are omitted and in place of the lower roll is positioned a roll 0 having a covering C- of leather or other suitable material. This roll may be supported so as to be adjustable vertically and laterally from the front rolla in any suitable way.

Onthe roll 0 is placed a flexible cap or cover d formed of flexible sheet steel or other resilient, hard, and smooth material. This cap (1 is curved to conform onits concave surface to the circumference of the roll 0. The back part of the cap d is preferably strengthened by a thicker piece of metal or other reinforcement e and is heavily weighted while the front part f exerts a graduated to the roving passing beneath it.

weight or pressure on the roll by reasonof its resilience. The strengthening piece 0 which may conveniently be brazed or soldered to the resilient part of the cap d is shown as having secured to it a conical or trumpet'mouthed centering guide 9 for the roving and the metal of the resilient part is continued up the rear of the strengthening piece e to the sides of the guide 9 so that the rear of the cap d presents a rounded surface At' its front the cap d is shown as having its corners turned down so as to converge at the front into an upright position to form a concentrating or' condensing guide h.

As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 the strengthening piece 6 is in the form of a tray conforming on its lower surface to the shape of the cap (Z and formed into a socket shaped to receive a presser foot z'carried by a lever j having'a screw threaded arm is adjustably secured in position by nuts Z, m, in a socket n. This socket is pivoted on an arm 0 projecting laterally from a stud p which is adjustably threaded in the roll carrying beam a, nuts g and 1' being provided for fastening the stud in adjusted position. If desired the presser foot 71 may be made separate from the lever j and be furnished with a socket to receive a rounded or knife edged part of the lever 7' so that the foot 71 may be able to oscillate relatively to the lever j. Ears t are shown as provided upon the sides of the piece 6 at either side of the socket therein to embrace the sides of the-presser foot 71 and thereby to keep the cap d in position laterally. relative to the lever j.

The upper part of the arm in has formed therein a hole 1 through which the rear of the cap Z and the guide g may project in 7 order that the lever j may bear centrally upon the cap (1 without interfering with the passage of the rovingfrom the rear along the central line of the cap.

Asshown the lever j is provided with a a hook 'v to which. is attached a cord or chain,

.w led over a guide rod a; supported inany convenient way. This cord w is led through a hole y in the beam 8 and may have a weight (not shown) attached thereto to press the foot i against the reinforcing piece e of the cap.

The roving to bedrawn is laid as indicated by the dotted lines A and arrows B through the guide g between the roll 0 and the cap d and rolls, a, b. p

The roll 0 and the roll a are driven by any suitable means so that the peripheral speed of the rolls a and b is greater than that of the roll a so'as to exert the requisite drawing action upon the roving delivered by the roll 0 and heldback by the cap d. The arrows shown on the several rolls a, b, and c indithrough the guide It to the ring traveler in which it may be spun, or it may be subjected to further drawing by passage through mechanism similar to that already described as may be desired.

In the form shown in Figures 3 and 4 the cap 03 is shown as provided with a pad 2 and screws 1 enabling adjustment of the graduated pressure exerted by the cap (1. Also the lever j is shown as provided with a forked end 2 embracing a rod 3 resting in guides 4, one of these guides only being shown. These guides take the place upon roll stands ordinarily occupied by the bearing brackets of the usual back bottom roll of a ring spinning frame or' mule and provide for some adjustment of the lever j in the cap d. A filling piece 6, changeable for another of different thickness, or for two or more, is shown as inserted inthe forked end 2 of the lever j to bear upon the rod 3 to provide for further adjustment of the position of the cap relative to the roll 0. In this construction the lever. j being positioned above the guide 9 ishot provided with a hole for the passage of the roving since the roving may pass to the guide g at either side of the lever y or beneath the rod 3. The lever j is weighted by means of a hook 7 mad'e'to' embrace it above a-pair of shoulders 8, this hook permitting passage of the roving to the guide 9 and having suspended from'its lower end by means of a hook 9 extending throughthe hole y in the roll beam 8, a-suitable weight (not shown).

The reinforcement e is also made to extend forwardly and is turned-down at its forward end 10 and is provided 'on either side with downwardly extending ears-11 to form a socket 12 in which the pad g of felt be adjusted within the guide 14 by means of a series of interchangeable filling pieces 15 inserted beneath the bearing 16 for the roll. The brackets 14 arealso designed to be adjustable to and from the rolls a and b.

In Figure 5 is shown a further modification in which the cap at is provided with-a pair of bearing plates 13 and adjusting screws 9 for each bearing platefor exerting pressure upon a resilient arm or plate which asshown is shaped to conform on its provided by trunnions 18 on the roll 17 mounted to revolve in jaws 19 in one arm of a pair of bell crank levers 20, one of which only is shown, the other arms of these levers being connected to a weight (not shown). These arms are 'fulcrumed on a rod 22 by means ofjaws 21 taking thereover.

Figure 6 shows a further modification in which are used two sets of rolls 0 and c and caps d and (Z generally similar to those illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, but with two pressure plates and adjusting screws like those shown in Figure 5. These sets of rolls are arranged so that one set delivers the roving passed therethrough to the second set in order that it may be further operated upon so thatthe roving may bedrawn in two stages. Corresponding parts of the second or front set are distinguished from the parts of the first or back set by the exponent 1.

' Th roll 0' of the front set is made to revolve at a surface speed higher than that of the roll a of the rear set and the front roll a of the front set is made to revolve with a surface speed greater than that of the roll otherwise being operated identical to. the

construction shown inFigure 6. In a similar manner more than two rolls 0 with corresponding caps cl may be arranged to operate on the roving in succession. v V

In each case it is noted that the roving passing from one roll to another and beneath the various caps issubjected to as little deflection as possible and also that the relative positions of theparts are adjustable to suit the requirements of different kinds or grades of material. I The condensing guide.

g provided at the entering edge of each cap brings the edges of the roving toward, the

center so reducing the tendency of, the fibers to escape from the edges but if it is preferred this guide may be omitted. Likewise, if desired, the concentrating guide h for the delivery end of the cap may'be' omitted. It will also be understood by those skilled in the art that many other changes and modi-' fications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention as defined by the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A mechanism for drawing fibrous mate-- rial, comprising the combination with a pair of coacting rolls ,and a' roll for delivering the fibrous material thereto, of a cap concavely curved to fit against said last-mentioned roll, and exerting pressure against said fibrous material.

2. A mechanism for drawing fibrous material, comprising the combination with a pair of coacting rolls and a roll for delivering the fibrous material thereto, of a cap concavely curved to fit against said last-mentioned roll, said cap being resilient and exerting diminishing pressure against said fibrous material.

3. Amechan'ism for drawing fibrous mate'- rial, comprising the combination with a pair of coacting rolls and a roll for delivering the fibrous material thereto, of a cap concavely curved to fit against said last-mentioned roll and xerting pressure against said fibrous material, and means for exerting pressure against said cap.

4. A mechanism for drawing fibrous material, comprising the combination with a pair of coacting rolls and a roll for delivering the fibrous material thereto, of a cap con cavely curved to fit against said last-men? tioned roll and exerting pressure against said fibrous material, and means on which said cap may rock. I x

5. A mechanism for drawing fibrous material, comprising the combination with a pair of coacting rolls and a rollfor delivering the fibrous material thereto, of a cap concavely curved to fit against said last-mentioned roll and. exerting pressure against said fibrous material, said cap having a guide at one end.

6. A mechanism for drawing fibrous materi a1, comprising the combination with a pain of coacting rolls and a roll for delivering the fibrous material thereto, of a cap concavely curved to fit against said last-mentioned roll and exerting pressure against said fibrous material, said-cap being provided with a condensing guide at one end, and a guide at its other end.

7 In a drawing mechanism, the combination with means for supporting and feeding a roving, of a cap cooperating with said supporting means and exerting pressure along a length of th roving, said pressure being greater at one end than at the other end of said length. 1 I 8. In a drawing mechanism, the combination with means for supporting and feeding a roving, of a cap cooperating with said supporting means and exerting pressure along a. length of the roving, said pressure being greater at the drawing in end than at the delivery end of said length.

i used, substantially as and for the purpose.

9. A mechanism for drawing fibrous ma mentioned roll and having a free end extending toward the nip of said pair of rolls.

10. A mechanism for drawing fibrous material, comprising the combination with a pair of coacting rolls and a roll for delivering the fibrous materialthereto, of a cap concavelycurved to-'fit against said last: mentionedroll and exerting pressure against said fibrous material, said ca consisting of a flexible metallic plate havlng a free end extending toward the nip of said pair of rolls.

11. A mechanism for drawing fibrous material, comprising the combination with a pair of coacting rolls and a roll for delivering the fibrousmaterial thereto, of a cap concavely curved to fit against said last-' mentioned roll and having a free end extending toward the nip of said pair of rolls, and means for holding said cap in place.

12. A mechanism for drawing or drafting cotton or other fibrous material, comprising, incombination with a roll, a cap ,and means by which said capiexerts a pressure at ornear the place of first contact of fibrous material with the cap or cover which gradually diminishes from the back toward the front, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.

13. A mechanism for drawing or drafting cotton or other fibrous material as claimed at metal or reinforcement at the part of the cap at which pressure is applied, substantially as and for the purpose hereinbefore described.

14. Amechanism for drawing or draftin cotton or other fibrous material as claimed in claim 1, characterized by a pad and a plate, and adjusting means for said plate for adjusting the graduation of ,the pressure of the capagainst the roll with which itis hereinbefore described.

15. In .a drawing mechanism for roving,

1 pairs of rolls.

16. In a drawing mechanism, two pairs of drawing rolls, a plate arranged to rest by gravity on the roving between the rolls, and

means for loosely attaching the plate in place;

17. In a drawing mechanism for roving, a plate arranged to rest loosely by gravity on the rowing between the nips of adjacent menace of rolls, and having a condensing guide atits end portion, s 19. In a drawing mechanism, the combination with a pair of drawing rolls, and

movable means for feeding and supporting a roving during its travel to the nip of said rolls, and a gravity plate to rest on the roving while it is so supported. a

20. A drawing mechanism for roving comprising spaced pairs of drawing rolls driven at difierent speeds, a traveling surface between the nips of said rolls, and a loosely fitted cap or plate pressing the roving against said surface.

21. In a, drawing mechanism, the combination of two pairs of drawing members, comprising top rolls and cooperating bottom rolls, and a loosely hinged gravity cap resting on the roving between the nips of said rolls.

22. A drawing mechanism comprising front and rear pairs of top and bottom rolls, an intermediate bottom roll, and a gravity cap resting loosely upon said intermediate roll and under which the roving passes.

23. In a drawing mechanism, the combination with a pair of drawing rolls, means for feeding and supportin a roving during its travel to the nip of sai rolls, and means for exerting a retarding effect on said rovthereof.

24. In a drawing mechanism, the combiing while so supported diminishing toward the. nip of'saidsrolls.

25. In a-drawing mechanism, the combination of-two pairseof drawing members,

comprising top rolls'angl cooperating bottom rolls, and a loosely hinged gravity cap resting on the roving between the nips ofsaid rolls, said cap being provided'with a roving guide at its outer edge.

26. In a drawing mechanism, the combi nation with a drawin "roll, of a cap or plate cooperating therewit to press the roving thereagainst, and ineans for adjusting said cap or plate about the axis of said roll.

'In testimony whereof I have afixed my signature.

ARTHUR onornnn'rnna.

ing while so supported variable lengthwise

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