US1450947A - Forging press - Google Patents

Description

Apr. 10, 1923. EASQQW l D. R. GILL FORGING PRESS FHed Nov. 28, 1921 @sheets-sheet 2 Ams o F Rlswr Hmm Rovon @or PASS Ams or Len Hmm Rorou Patented Apr. l0, i923.

www vm DAVID R. GILL, F ERIE, PENNSYLVAN'A, ASSIGNOR OF UNE-HALF T0 HAROLD M. STURGEON, @E ERE, PENISYLVANA.

FORGING PRESS.

Application led November 28, 1921. Serialjlo. 518,291.

To all fr0/wm t may concern.'

Be it `known that I, DAVID lt. GILL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, in the county of Erie and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Forging Presses; and l do hereby declare thejfollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art '10 to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, forming part of this specification. y

My invention relates to forging presses, and particularly to that type of forging press adapted to reduce the diameter of bil lets or other cylindrical bodies.

rlhe object of my invention is to provide a forging mechanism which will exerta continuous pressure on the work-piece, which pressure will travel in a combined eireumferential and longitudinal direction along a portion ofthe work-piece as it passes through the mechanism.

In carrying out the objects of my invention I provide a plurality of rotatable members which are mounted in pairs in the machine, the units ofeach pair of rotatable members being rotatable on axes diametrically offset from the axis of the pass; each unit of a pair of rotatable members having` secured thereon a forging-die having a fareof volute-spiral form, i. e., one end of said and the radius thereof progressivelydecreasing from the larger end of the smaller end thereof, the :iis of each die being the aXis of the pair of rotatable .members to which it is secured, and the said dies .being interjacent of each other.

This arrangement of mechanism causes the volute-spiral dies to grasp the work-piece between their opposing ends and cause said workpiece to rotate in unison with said dies while the diametric points of contact between said dies and the work-piece moves circumferentially and longitudinally towards the opposite ends of said dies, the pressure exerted by the dies upon the workpiece being regulatedby the longitudinal feeding of the work-piece with relation to the volutespiral forging surfaces of the dies.

face being out of the plane'of the other end,`

The volute-spiral forging vsurfacesof the dies are substantially one turn around a circle in length, so that at each complete revolution of the dies one end `of the volute` spiral forging surfaces thereof releases `the work-piece and the otherend thereof grasps the same.

`of each die, thus producing a continuous ,forging operation on the work-piece during the rotation of the mechanism, which gradu ally reduces the diameter of the work-piece 1by forcing` the metal thereof in the direction of the travel of the squeezingoperation of the dies on the work-piece.

These and other featuresof my invention will appear `hereinafter and are illustrated in thevaccompanying drawings in which Figure l, is a plan view lof my improved rotary forging' press.

Figure 2, is a vertical section of the same on the line 2-2 in Fig. l. l

Figure 8, is a plan view of the volutespiral forging diesof my mechanism with a work-piece grasped between them in the lposition thereof indicated by broken lines in Fig. l.

Figure il, is an end elevation thereof.

Figure 5,.isa side elevation of the volutespiral dies in the position thereof indicated in section in Fig. 2, said dies grasping vthe small end of a workpiece.

Figure 6, is a like view of the same after one complete revolution thereof, showing the same grasping the larger `diameter of `the work-piece.

Figure 7, is a side elevation of one ofthe dies looking into the open side thereof.

Figure 8, is a vertical section of the volutespiral dies and hollow work-piece, with `a mandrel therein for forming` said billet into a tube.

Figure 9, is a like view of the volute-spiral dies andhollow work-piece with a tapered mandrel for reducing the external and internal diameter thereof. i

In these drawings (see Figs. l and 2) A indicates the base of the machine upon which is secured upright `bracket supports AA.

Upon the adjacent faces of the bracketsupports A', I secure bearing members B B, upon which are rotatably mounted gear wheels B B2, and rotatable rings b b2, the axis of the gear wheel B and ring b being on the line 713, and the axis of the wheel B2 and ring b2 being on the line b4 (see Fig. 2) sai-d axes being diametrically offset from the center line of the pass as shown in said figure.

The wheels B and B2 and the rings b and b2 are preferably mounted at identical angles to the center line of the pass as indicated in Fig. l, for the purpose hereinafter set forth.

"'lhesefwheels and rings are provided With anti-friction roller bearings C for the purpose of eliminating friction.

The bearing members B, B, are preferably insetI into the upright bracket supports AV and are secured in place by means of tapbolts C and the rings b and b2 and their roller bearings are secured on the bearing members B by means of dies D D, which are secured in -place thereon by means of tapbolts (Z. The brackets A', bearing members B, and dies D `at each end of the machine are provided with an opening on the center line of the pass as indicated by broken lines in `Fig. l, and full lines in Fig. 2, through which' the work-piece passes.

Secured to the wheel B at diametrically opposite points are plates E E, which extend laterally therefrom over t-he ring 7a2 and are bolted or otherwise secured to the ring bat the opposite end of the machine.

`when the Wheels B and B2 are rotated, the

plates E E and E E and the rings Z9 and b2 revolve around their respective axes b3 and b4 in unison.

Secured between the plates E E is a forging die F which is of square exterior form as shown in Fig, 4, and is provided with an interior forging face of volute-spiral formi. e. said forging face is curved, the radius of said curve being progressively shortened from one end of said forging face to the other, so that the pass through said die, as seen from one end to the other, is tapering or volute in form. Secured between the plates E E is a duplicate forging die F, thus supporting the die F upon the axis b2 of the wheel and ring` B2 b2,- the two dies F and F being thus supported interjacent to each other.

Referring to Fig. 7, the end thereon indicated by the reference letter f has a shorter radius than the end j, the radii. of the volute-spiral forging surface f2 gradually iucreasing in length from the end f thereof to the end f so that the volute-spiral pass through said dies F and F', looking at the ends thereof hav-ing the largest radius, is

in Fig. 8.

tapered or conical to correspond with the taper produced on that portion of the work piece being operated upon.

- In Figs. 8 and 9 is shown means for adapt ing the machine heretofore described to forging the walls of a pieinedV billet or tube H, which consists in `providing a mandrel (i (see Fig. 8) within the forging dies F and F against which said dies forge the metal of the tube.

This mandrel is shown of uniform diameter and the stem g thereof extends back out ofthe pass of the machine and rests in an open bearing in the top of a pedestal g", which is adapted to support the same vertically and resist the longitudinal feeding strain exerted thereon by the machine as the billet or tube lil is being drawn into the machine by the diagonal volute-spiral forging dies F and F; said tube or billet being thereby yforced to travel longitudinally with relation to said dies and Vmandrel; said mandrel remainingl stationary and in position to resist the forging strain of said dies ljust as an anvil'does with relationto the J' hammer of a `forging press.

The mandrel G and stem g is free to rotate in unison with the billet H anddies F and F during the operation of the machine, and is provided with a flange g2 on the rear end thereof, which, by engagement with'the pedestal g" prevents the longitudinal movement of the mandrel, while leaving it free to rotate therewith. This mandrel G being of uniform diameter is suitable for reducing the outside diameter of billets or tubes.

In Fig. 9 I show a tapered mandrel Gr in opposition to the forging dies F and F, which is adapted to enable the machine to reduce the internal diameter as well as the outside diameter of the tube or billet H. ln order to control the thickness of the wall of the finished tube ljhave provided a pedestal .l inthe upperend of which is mounted a slide J which is provided with an adjusting screw having a hand-wheel j by means of which the slide J canbe moved toward or from the forging diesin the machine. This slide is provided with an open-journal bearingadapted to receive the mandrel stem .g and against which the flange .gr/2 operates as It is obvious that if drawn backward, the forging dies will leave the tube wall thicker than if the mandrel is allowed to move further forward through the dies, so that by means of a tapered mandrel l can reduce the internal and external diameters of a billet or tube H, as well as regulate the thickness of the walls of the finished tube. i l

In operation a properly yheated billet is introduced into the pass of the machine and is grasped by the forging dies, which press the billet from diametrically opposite sides,

,the mandrel G is i owing to the oset axes of revolution of said dies, the grip of said dies upon the billet travelling vbackward from the initial point of engagement to the ends f of said dies and then the ends f of said dies again grasping the billet and the forging pressure again repeated.

During this travel of the gripping point longitudinally, it retains a constant transverse relation with the billet corresponding with the offset axes of rotation of the dies, and the grip being constant, the billet must of necessity revolve in unison with the forging dies, so that said dies can only exert a forging pressure and the metal of the billet is forced backward by being squeezed between the dies, instead of by a rolling relation between the dies and billet.

It will also be evident to those skilled in the art that, the-axis of rotation of the die F being at an angle to the axis of rotation of the die F", they will, by their action upon the billet, steadily draw the billet and cause .it to travel longitudinally through the machine.

Having thus fully shown and described my invention so as to enable others to utilize the same, I do not desire to limit myself to the exact mechanism shown and described, as many modifications can be made therein without departing from the scope of my invention; therefore what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isz- 1. In a machine of the class described, a plurality of forging dies each having forging surfaces encircling the axis of the pass..

one end of said forging surface being out' of the plane of the other end thereof and the radius thereof progressively decreasing from the entrance end of the exit end thereof, said dies being interjacent of each other and forming a conically shaped pass therethrough, and mechanism adapted to support said dies and rotate each die around an axis offset from the axis of the other die.

2. In a machine of the class described, a pair of duplicate forging dies each having a forging surface encircling the axis of the pass and arranged interjacent of each other, one end of said forging surface being out of the plane of the other end thereof and the radius thereof progressively decreas-l ing from the entrance end of the exit end thereof. said forging surfaces forming a conicallv shaped pass through said dies, and mechanism adapted to support said dies and rotate each die around an axis offset from and at an angle to the axis of the other die.

3. In a machine of the class described, a forging die having an internal forging surface, one end of said surface being out of the plane of the other end, the 1radius of said surface progressively decreasing from the entrance end of said die to the exit end thereof.

4. In a machine of the class described, a forging die having an internal forging surface extending once around the axis thereof, and having one end thereof out of the plane of the other end, the radius of said surface progressively decreasing from the entrance end to the exit end thereof.

5. In a machine of the class described, a forging die having an internal forging surface the radius of which progressively decreases from the entrance end to the exit end and having one end thereof out of the plane of the other end, and means to support and revolve said die around its axis.

6. In a machine of the class described, a forging die having an internal forging surface, and means to support the same from opposite sides and cause it to revolve around its axis.

7. In a machine of the class described. a pair of spaced bearing blocks, rotatable members on each of said blocks, a pair of plates secured to each of said rotatable! members at diametrically opposite sides thereof so as to bridge the space between said rotatable members, a forging die having an internal forging surface secured to said plates at opposite sides of said die, and means to cause said rotatable members and plates to revolve.

8. In a machine ofthe class described, a pair of spaced rotatable members adapted to revolve on a common stationary axis, a pair of bridge plates secured on said rotatable members at dia-metrically opposite sides thereof, and integrally connecting them in a single unit, and mechanism to rotate said unit.

9. In a machine of the class described, a pair of interlaced rotatable frames mounted on stationary bearings, a forging die 4secured ineach frame the dies being arranged interjacent of each other, and

mechanism to cause said frames to rotate.v

10. In a machine of the class described, a plurality of pairs of spaced .stationary journal-bearings each pair having a common axis, rotatable members mounted on said bearings, and plates bridging the space between the rotating members on each spaced llOO duplicates of the first mentioned rotatable members mounted on the last mentioned journal bearings, plates bridging the space between the last mentioned rotatable members and uniting them into integral rotat able units, the said irst and last mentioned bridge plates alternating with and being interjacent of each other, and mechanism to rotate said rotatable units.

l2. In a machine of the class described, a base frame, upright end frames on said base frame, a pair oi journal bearings secured on each upright end frame, one of each pair of said journal bearings on one end frame having a common axis with an alternate journal bearing on the other end frame and offset from the axis of the other journal bearings, rotatable members mounted on said journal bearings, plates secured to and bridging the space between the rotatable members mounted on said journal bearings having identical common axes, a forging die secured between each pair of said bridge plates and arranged interjacentot each other, and mechanism to rotate said rotatable mechanism.

13. In a machine of the class described, aI

Wheel rotatably mounted at each end of the machine upon 'axes oiiset from each other, and a ring rotatably mounted adjacent to the inner face of each of said wheels upon axes common with the wheel at the noppon site end of the machine, bridge plates n tegrally uniting eachoi:l said rings with the wheel on the axis of' said ring, a forging die secured between each pair of bridge plates and arranged to operate in opposition to each other, and mechanism to rotate said wheels.

In testimony whereof I ax my signature.

DAVID R. GILL.

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