US1450263A - Best available c - Google Patents

Description

BEST AVAILABLE COP\ M. SCHIESARI APPARATUS FOR AERIAL PROJECTION Apr. 3, 1923.

15, 1921 6 sheets-sheet Filed Mar.

INVENTOR BEST AVAILABLE COP:

Apr. 3, 1923. 1,450,263

M. SCHIESARI APPARATUS FOR AERIAL PROJECTION Filed Mar. 15, 1921 6 sheets-sheen 2 INVENTOR Jam/J0 BEST AVAILABLE COP\ M. SCHIESARI APPARATUS FOR AERIAL PROJECTION Apr. 3, 1923.

6 sheets shcet 3 Filed Mar. 15, 1921 INVENTOR INVENTOR 1921 6 sheets-sheet 4 .(IIIII BEST AVAILABLE COP:

Apr. 3, 1923.

M. SCHIESARI APPARATUS FOR AERIAL PROJECTION Filed Mar l5 Patented Apr. 3, 1923.

BEST AVAILABLE COP\ U N IT E D' S IQF'E IJCE MARIO SCHIES'ARI, or" NEW- Tenn, N-."Y.

APPARATUS FOR AERIAL PROJ'EC'JTIOIL Application filed March 15, 1921.. Serial No.- 452,540.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, h/TARIO SCHIZSARI, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Manhattan, city of New York, county "of New York, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Aerial Projection, of which'the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification.

This invention relates to a novel method and apparatus for producing aerial projections, lights, signals, advertisements, pictures, etc.'; and more particularly for producing an entirely novel type of screen, making it possible to obtain novel efi'ects inzprcjection, both as regards size and location do ing away with the necessity of building heavy and expensive frame works.

The main object of this invention is to provide anovel method whereby projections may be obtained on screens created and supportedthroughthe air in a special-manner and which may be of considerable dimensions and occupying locations which would be out of reach of the present construction methods. l

A further object of this invention is to provide a novel type of screen whichmay be used for rendering visible images, signals,

etc., projected through the air and which may assume large dimensions without requiring, however, the construction oi. heavy and expensive framework and not obstructing the light of the building or structure on which the same is mounted.

A .still further object is to provide a screen :built on an entirely novel principle, on which'pictures, advertisements, etc.., can be projected and which may be used for a number of purposes for which the ordinary types of screens are not suitable.

l Vith these and other objects-inoview as will more fully appear as the descriptionproceeds, this invention consists. of certain novel arrangements of parts as will: be here inafter fully described and claimed in=the appended claims My invention is based on theoptical illusion created by a radially-extending surface: rapidly revolving around its center, which.

causes the eye to see a solid diskwhile in reality onlya portion of said disk is there. Through the same phenomenon the wheels of an automobile run at very high speedap pear like semitransparentdisks, while in reality they consist of a number of spokes separated from each other. This optical illusion is due to the permanency of images on the retina of the human eye which has been estimated to last in the average person about of a second. Through the same cause if a luminous point, like for instance an incandescent carbon is rapidly rotated the eye will receive the illusion of an uninterrupted circle of light. Thisdllusion isrdue tothe impression that the image of a moving body on the retina persists for about of a second after the body itself has .disappeared or has moveda certain spaceg The impression of continuity of motionwhich is obtained in moving plctures is due to the same cause as well as the well-known physical demonstration of blending of different colors which is obtained through, thegrapid rotation-of aydisk having radial iportions will;.producepurple, and the-seven funda' mental colors will producela white'surface.

In the same -manner I jcreate; a. circular screen through arapid, rotation, of blade or blades or-segments adapted to create-an impression on the retina with;;a =frequency of not less than 2' of :3 secondg for-instano'e if the revolving surface is constituted ,bytwo opposite radially extending segments;v in order to produce the illusion ofa solid disk it will be suflicient that samezberotated at not less than seven hundred and twenty revolutions per minute. A good illustration of an elementary form'which may be assumed by my revolving screen is given for instance by a rapidly rotating aeroplane propeller. v I

By thus producingthezimpression ofia solid or annular disk I will at the same time have :created av screen on 2 which-permanent or animated .imag es vmay be projected; :so that a vastv field foraproducing novelueiflects in :advertising, aeroplane signalling, etc., is rendered available. i a

A revolving .screen built ,on the'above mentioned principle :is possessed of many.

some and expensive-framework, suchasire quired by presentimethods .imorder to make the structure suificiently strong to resist Wind pressure. The same remark applies to the possibility of creating horizontal projection surfaces adapted to give the impress sion of projections through the air on sur-' faces having no visible means of support.

2. The possibility of producing a vertical screen in front of a building without obstructing the light to the building itself and without obstructing the line of vision from thebuilding. It will thus be possible to see the projection andat the same time to see the building back of it. Another important advantage of such a type of screen is that since" in most cases it will only be practical to make projections on the same at night, when the device is maintained stationary during the day it will be inconspicuous and will not detract from the appearance of the building orstructure on which the same is mounted 'to any noticeable extent. I I

3. Another advantage is the possibility of adjusting the revolving screen so as to bring the same in different planes or to create a variety of motions in the same by means of oscillating or rotating devices which will permit of obtaining novel and p be made larger or smaller at will."

startling effects. Byhaving' the rotating surface attached to extensible carriers the diameter of the screen produced may also 4. The momentum of'theu'otating body renders the same better adapted to resist wind pressure than a stationary screen.

" *5. The possibility of producing the same projection on; a se'rie'sof =coaxi"al screens located at'a distance fromeach -other'.

v 6; The possibility of creating the optical illusion of inscriptlons'or image's'inthe air obtained" not through projections, but through portions =ofsaid inscriptions or images separately carried through the air by the carriers and producing the optical illusion of the inscription or image recomposed' in its entirety. 2

In another patent application filed simultaneously herewith and having for title Method and-= apparatus for utilization of centrifugal force I have described a novel method andTapparatus wherebyi various, devices may b'e c'aused to rotate 'throughthe air within adjustable radii and ondifferent planes according to the type of apparatus used; and-it may'be here stated that the? general typeof apparatus described therein.

fitted with screen segments atthe end of" V collapsible carriers' is well suited forapplication in connection withmy'present inventlOn/f-l' In the drawings I illustrate a few devices wherebymyflinvention may be carried into practice and I also illustrate some possible applications of my inv'ention'for advertising orsignallin'g purposes. "Referring to same Figsa l, 2, 3-.and at are side views in elevation partly sectioned of four elementary forms of a device for operating a revolving screen;

F ig. 5 device shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a front .view in elevation of a building showing the application of my invention on the front of the building and on its top;

Figs. 7 and 8 are respectively a front view in elevation partly sectioned and a plan 1s a front view an elevation oi the view of another device designed for carrying my invention into practice;

Fig. 9 is a plan sectional view of the same through line r l -B of Fig. 7;

Fig. 10 is a side view in elevation partly broken away of a universal type of machine for operating non-extensible screens;

Fig. 11 is a front view in elevation partly.

broken away of a universal type of machine for operating screens of the'eXtensible type; Figs. 12, 13 and 14 are detail plan views of different" forms of screens;

Fig. 15 is a detail plan'view of an electric bulb attached in place'of a screen; Figs. l6, 17 are respectively a' detail plan view and a detail view in perspective of two a different arrangements of screens; v

Fig. 18 is a front view 'infeleva'ti'onof a building with a machine ofthe type'sho'wn in Fig. lOniounted OIL'ltS top; Fig. 151 is a view in perspective-showing a movingpi'ct'ure'machine making a projec;

tion on one of my 'soreensj Fig. 20 is a view in perspectiveof'a'series of three coaxial revolving screensillu'strating the possibility of simuIta-neOiisprO- jection on the same"; and 1 Fig'Ql is a front view'in elevation of a building with a machine of the type shown in Fig. 11 mounted on its top. Fig. 22 is adetail view in eievation of an arrangement for creating a screen in the form of an inverted cone. T v

As hereinbefore stated myvinvent'ionbonsists essentially of a method for producing aerial projectionswhich comprises the em-' The devices which may be employed in order to carry my invention into practice do not form a part of this invention; in the drawings, however, I show several types of devices suitable for use in connection with my invention for explanatory purposes.

Thus in Fig. l I show anelementary form of device suitable for'producing a revolving screen of "permanent diameter through the employment of a'revolving'element carrying two screen-blades; -Insaid figure, l and 2 designate'sai'd screen blades mounted on a shaft 3 which-is caused to rotate-by a inotor'4. Motor 4 =rnay be=located"-inside of-the building whileitsshaft 3 may be projecting through the 'wall 5. "Screen-blades 1= and-2 may be made ot-translucent material and 'a projector- -6 coaxial therewith and :oontrolledby a switch '7, may be employed toproj'ect images or inscriptions or advertisements 'asmay'bethe case through asuitableislide- '5 In'F-ig:' 2 a'similararrangement is shown with=thedifierence that-the motor 8 is not coaxial with the shaft 9 and therevolving screen flOg but drives-- a pulley 11 which is'ino'untedon'saidshaft 9.-

v In -F I 3 show fa device' composed of a motor 12' on it-"shaft 13:0I1'Wlil0l1 is mounteda'revolvin'g screen *1'4;th'e= entire" setbeing supported: outside of th'ebuilding by means of: a "bracket 15', the-'mtltor= being controlled by 'a switch i 16' 'locatedfiinside of the "build-'- ing: ='-In'this guie no projector is shown} it being assumed that the's'cren blades be made of opaque 'material -and adapted fo r "p'rpjeetion 'zfrom'themutside;

In' Fi'gs; 4*zind 5 is shown a device com prising a sic'ren 'revol'ving in a plane n'or-' mal to the'wa'llof thebuilding, and, there fore; well adapted for signs-or. advertisement'which may be seen fr'o'm' a considerable distance "from :'.-the' sidewalk running along said 'wall.' 'ln tlie "same 17,- 18 iare the two screen blades mounted on shaftf19'support ed ona'braclget 20'an'd driven by -means of a belt 2-1 *whichis; run by-m'o'tor 22. Iii the same show two projectors 23 '24 employed, one -on eaeh=side of the screen, which will make the projection visible from both sides.

In-Fig. '6 I" show two p'os'sible applications ofthe-e'lementary type of my "revolving screen for advertising" or signalling-pm poses. In the same 25 designates a rotate ins device adapted to operate two screen blades 26-, 27 causing the same'to produce a revolving screen infront of=a building 28.

Suclra revolving screen may assume'considerable dimen'sion's' "especially when the rotating device is located on'bne of the upper stories. Another device is shown mou'ntetl on top of the building'co'mprising a t ertical'sliaft29 (iarryin'g two fs-rreen bl ad cs 30;31, hinged iiar 'the center so that wh'eu the'de'vice is inoperatiyethe same occupy the position 30', 31" shown in dottedlines- When the shaft is rotated the two blades will beImainta iiied' 'iiiQ th horizontal 'po sitionsh'own in full lines by centrifugal for'ce'and two projectors 32,33 located. one

on each side: of, the screen will produce on the 'sametlife d sired projection. If it should besufiicient'forithe projection to be; seen" from below one'iwr' projector 1-32 BEST AVAILABLE C angles to each other and capable 'of'rotating' the four sets 'of'sc-reens"also around 'an"ax1's parallel to the planes of rotation of said screens. In'the same 34 designates :tlre body of the machine iutegral'wi'th a Vertical'tubular support 35 in which is rotatably mounted hub or sleeve-36-of"upper' -frame 37 formed with four arms 38, '39, 40,41. On the lower part of sleere36 is mounted a worm wheel '42 which may be operated or locked by a worm 43 'mountedon'a shaft 44. Said shaftmay in its turnbeoperated through sprocket wheel 45 mounted on'the same connectedby chain 46 to sprocketwheel 47 which is i loosely mounted on 'driirg ing shaft 48 operated by a fmotor '49. Sprocket wheel 47 maybe connectedyto'or disconnected fromshatt 48 by means of a clutch 50, On shaft 48 is also'lixed a driving pinion 51 in mesh with gear 52'mo'unted on vertical shaft 53 rotatablyniounted through sleeve 36 and at the upper'end of which is fixed a conical gear wheel 54f Said gear wheel 54 is in mesh with pinion's 55,66, 57 58 respectively mounted on" shafts 59, 60, 61 62 which carry rerol'ti'n' "screeii:.=.53-. 64, 65.; 66. Four projectors67, 68, 6.9, "O are. also'fprovided; one, for each screen.

hen the machine is in the position shown .slow rotation of worn: wheel 42- andft herefore. of'the four-arired frame Wee-frying the screen shafts, and the four screens will rotate simultaneously on their respective shafts and around. "ert-ica-l shaft 53 occupyin; successive positions around a c-i ifcumlference asshown in dotted lines in Fig. 8. By meansof this device, therefore four different projections my be rendered alternately visible from all directions. l 4

In Fig. 10 I show a machine comprising a stationary axle 71 on which is rotatably mounted a sleeve 72 carrying; a screen 73. 74 designates the frame of the machine proper which is rotatably mounted on the base 75, and 76 designates a worm wheel segment integral with axle-71 and hive-wally mounted at 77 on frame'74. The-various Ilfo mechanisms controlling the operationiof axle 71.and sleeve 72 have been described in the other patent application above referred to; and through the same it is; possible. to adjust the position of axle ilat any point between the vertical and the horizontal on each side; it is also possible to cause the same to alternately swing from one-side to the other audit is furthermore possible to cause frame 74 to rotate on its axis, while axle 71 remains stationary in the position in which it has been set or is caused to swing from one side to the other. J'IH'F 11 I 'llustrate another universal type of machine comprising a stationary axle 78 integral with worm wheel segment 79 pivotallymounted on a shaft 80 carried. by a ,frame 81, also rotatably mounted like in the previous case on a stationary base 82. Onsaid a'xle 78 isrot-atably mounted a sleeve 83, carrying drums 84 on which can. be wound or unwound flexible carriers at the end of which the screen segments may be attached. This type of machine-has also i been extensively described in my ownpatent application abovereferred to and may be usedfor producing an annular extensible screen which may-be caused to change at will its diameter while the plane of rota-.

tion maybe causedz to assume all the posi tions mentioned in connection with's'creen 73. of Fig. 10. 1 i i -;In addition to these the collapsible screen may also .be caused to assume an undulating motion describing aucone around axle. 78.. In Figs., 12,.13, 14 .I-show dififerent types.

of constructions of screenssuitable for .use' in connection with the machmeshown; in

Fig;' ,1 1. i; The. screen, shown in Fig. 12 iscomposedfof a frame 85on which is mounted a panel 86 of translucent material. The screen shown in Fig. 13 is composed of one solidzpanel 8ft; adapted for projection from an outer source, and the screen shown in Fig.14 iscomposed of a frame 88 onwhich. is mounted a translucent screen composed of'severalsections 89, 90, .91, 92. Thisconstruction is suitable for screens of large dimensions In Fig. 15 I illustrate the pos 'sibilityof attaching a lamp 923- at the. end

' of. flexible carrier 94 in place, of a screen in order to obt'ainiluminous effects.

In Figs. 16 and 17 I illustrate two. dif-l ferent .arrangements of screens for flexible carriers,' ,the first one ofwhich will create three annular. concentric screens 95, 96, 97 and the other one producing a single wide,

annular screen 98. g

In Fig. 18, 99 designatesa building. on

the top of which hasbeen mounted a machine 100 of the type shown in Fig. 10 and capable, therefore, of. producing rotating screens in a number of positions at the front or atthe side or above thebuilding.

In Fig. 19 I illustrate the possibility of,

BEST AVAILABLE C In F ig.- 20 I-illustrate the possibility of simultaneously, obtaining the same projection on a plurality of coaxial. revolving screens 103, 104, 105.' The only condition necessary inorder to makeit possible for the rays of light to pass through from one screen to the next is that theiscreen blades of the variousfscreens must be set atdifferent angles, so that the blades of the screen in front will not prevent the rays of light from reaching the blades, of the screen in the rear. I

In Fig. 21, 106 designates'a building on the top of which is mounted a machine 107 of the type-shown in Fig. 11, giving, therefore, the possibilityof' producing annular screens of various diameters set in. a-number of positions at difi'er'ent angles. and adapted to assume alternativeswinging motion orrotating motion or undulating mo-' tion, or a combination ofall these motions position on, account,-ofi-beingioverbalanced and. during-the course-{of thein irotation the resistance Y ofa-thel air against, theirs inclinedsurfaces,;.-will cause thersamei-toz-climb upwardly, this action-being similar tothe one. causing an aeroplane -to-climb 2in=the air,

'From' the foregoing it; is seen that Ir=pro-.- vide-a novel method for producing aerial: projections whereby it ispossible to" obtain results which would be impossible with the: methods heretofore .in :use. also provide; a. screen of a novel and improved construction whichofitself: is-alsopossessedof nian'y ad.-' vantages. which are not v found; iini-screens heretoforev in -use. While all- :thei-screensshown in the: drawings: are'- produced by elements rotating aroundaa- -point of-su port, it is obviousthatsimilar:efiectsrcou dbe obtained by; imparting to the screen ele; ments some other motion aslong asthe .basic principle. is retained; ofmoin'ngrthe, same, through .theair-at a speed-,sufiicient to give;

suitable material, such as-;,wil1 enter fairly into the scope of the appended claims I claim:

1. The combination of a screen segment, means for attaching the same at one of its ends, means for causing the rotation of said screen segment around its point of support, a frame carrying said screen segment, and means for moving said frame so as to alter the plane of rotation of said segment.

2. The combination of a screen segment, means for attaching the same at one of its ends, means for causing the rotation of said segment around its point of support, a movable frame carrying said segment, and means controlling the movement of said frame causing the plane of rotation of said segment to move along a predetermined path of travel.

3. The combination of a screen segment, supporting means for the same, extensible means connecting said segment to said supporting means, and means for causing the rotation of said supporting means around its axis.

4. The combination of a screen segment, supporting means for the same, extensible means connecting said segment to said supporting means, and means for causing the rotation of said supporting means around BEST AVAILABLE COP:

its axis, and means for controlling the extension and retraction of said flexible connecting means.

5. The ,,combination of a screen segment, supporting means for the same, extensible means connecting said segment to said supporting means, and means for causing the rotation of said supporting means around its axis, and means for controlling the extension and retraction of said flexible connecting means, and means for altering the plane of rotation of said supporting means.

6. The combination of a screen segment, supporting means for the same, extensible means connecting said segment to' said supporting means, and means for causing the rotation of said supporting means around its axis, and means for controlling the extension and retraction of said flexible connecting means, and means for simultaneously causing the plane of rotation of said supporting means to move along a prede-,

termined path of travel. MARIO SCHIESARI.

Witnesses:

R. Pxsonx, A. L. GONZALEZ.

Images