US1440079A - Engine valve - Google Patents

Description

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 HUBBARD,

ENGINE VALVE. FILED MAY 13 921.

MEQE 5mm MUM 1mm n HIEIEEE 35m Dec. 26, 1922.

1.. B. HUBBARD ENGINE VALVE.

FILED MAY I8 1921 2 SHEETS-SHEET E LLOYD BEECHER HUBBARD, F PLAINVIEW, TEXAS.

cri ics,

ENGINE VALVE.

Application filed May 18,

Z '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LLOYD Bnnomm HUB- men, a citizen of the United States, residing at Plainview, in the county of Hale and State of Texas, have invented a new and useful Engine Valve, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to valves for explosive engines, one of its objects being to provide a valve which is maintained properly cooled without the use of water in the head of the engine.

Another object is to provide an exhaust valve of novel form which, when moved to open position, permits the burned gases to escape quickly from the combustion. chamber.

A still further object is to provide an exhaust valve in the form of, a slidable sleeve having perforations which "form pas sages for the fuel admitted at the intake, thus serving to thoroughly break up the mixture and render the same of increased efliciency.

A further object is to provide a valve which permits the use of a combustion chamber directly over the piston.

Another object is to eliminate the neces sity of preheating the fuel and which eliminates preignition.

Another object is to dispense with the use oi. the cylinder head. gasket and to simpliit'y and otherwise improve upon the construction of the engine and at the same time increase its efiiciency.

A still iurther object is to provide a valve structure which can be applied to'any 1110- tor having a removable head.

VJith the foregoing and other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention resides in the combi nation and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter described and. claimed, it being understood that," within the scope of what is claimed, changes in the precise embodiment oi the invention. shown can be made without departing liroin' the spirit of the invention. i

In the accompanying drawings the preierrcd form oi? the invention has been shown.

In said drawings I Figure 1 is a section through a portion or" an engine and showing the present im provements combined therewith, the ex haust valve being shown open, l

Figure 2 is a plan view of a portion of.

1921. Serial No. 470,693.

the head showing the valve operating fingers. Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 ure 2. y t

Figure 4 is a section through a modified structure. Referring to the figures by characters of reference ldesignates the water cooled cvlinder of an engine in which a piston 2 is mounted for reciprocation and into which extends a spark plug shown at 3. In lieu oi the ordinary cylinder head there is pro vided a head especially constructed indicated at 4 and which head is adapted to be bolted or otherwise fastened onto the end of the cylinder and is provided with a mire ing chamber 5 having an intake 6 while formed within that end of the head mounted on the cylinder is a recess 7 constituting an exhaust chamber from which extends the exhaust manifold 8. A central circular open1ng9 is formed in the head and connects the recesses 5 and 7 and also opens through the inner end of the head 4-,the diameter of this opening 9 being the same as the bore of the cylinder 1. Slidably mounted in the opening 9 and upon the inner surface of the bore of the cylinder 1 is a sleeve valve 10 constituting an exhaust valve and provided with suitable packing,

shown at 11, whereby leakage from the engine to the exhaust chamber 7 is prevented. Formed within this sleeve valve is an annular series of outlet openings 15% adapted, when the valve is at the lower limit of its movement, to open into the recess 7, thus to establish communication between the interior of the cylinder 1 and the exhaust chamber 7. An inclined shoulder 13 is provided on the inner side of the sleeve valve 10 at the lower ends of the series of openings 12.

An annular flangeld is provided at the upper end of the sleeve valve and has valve stems l5 projecting therefrom and slidable within the outer end of the head 4. Annular series of apertures 16 are formed in. this sleeve valvefllO between the flange l4; and the openings 12. A coiled spring 17 is mounted on the bottom of the mixing chamber 5 and extends around the sleeve valve, this spring bearing against the flange leisolas to hold the valve or sleeve normally pressed against seat 22. In Figure the purpose of opening communication between the cylinder 1. and the exhaust chamber 7. It is to be understood, however, that under normal conditions the valve 10* is raised against the seat 22, which is the lower end of casing 18 and the openings 12 are located above and out of communication with the chamber 7.

Extending downwardly into the sleeve valve 10 is a casing 18 the upper end of which is fastened securely to the end of the head by any suitable means such as a threaded nipple 19 shown in Figure 1. Thiscasing is cylindrical and fits snugly within the sleeve 10, the said casing extending down-' wardly within the opening 9 and terminatin in an annular enlargement 20'. This en argement isprovided with an inner beveled shoulder 21 and an outer beveled shoulder 22. The shoulder 22 is adapted to form a seat for the shoulder 13 of the sleeve 10 when said sleeve raised to normal posi tion. The shoulder 21. constitutes the seat for a valve 23 having a stem 24- slidable within the nipple 19. A head 25 is formed on this stem and is yieluingly supported by a spring 26 so that the valve 23 is thus held normally upon its seat 21.

Annular series of openings 27 are formed in the casing 18 and these openings are so located and proportioned that when the sleeve 10 is at either limit of its movement the openings in the sleeve and casing will register.

The valve stems 15 and 24 are separately operated in properly timed relation by any suitable mechanism provided for that purpose and which mechanism includes fingers 28 mounted to work in unison and which bear upon the upper ends of the stems 15, and a finger 29 movable independently of the fingers 28 and engaging the head 25.

It is intended to have the parts so timed that during the exhaust stroke of the piston 2 the fingers 28 will force the stems 15 downwardly. Thus the sleeve 10 will move downwardly, carrying the shoulder 13 away from the seat 22 and bringing the openings 12 into communication with the exhaust chamber 7. The exhaust thus provided is so extensive that the spent gases can flow therethrough without choking. Immediately after the spent gases have been. exhausted. the sleeve 10 will he moved upwardly. by its spring 17 and at the proper time the valve 23 will be depressed so as to permit a charge of fuel. to be drawn into the cylinder 1. As the fuel is drawn from the intake 6 it will be compelled to vpass through the registering openings 16 and 27 and, consequently, will be thoroughly broken up before passing into the cylinder. This ob viously will result in greater efiiciency of the fuel.

Itwidl be mated that theorising lfixwill act as a means for conducting heat from the exhaust valve or sleeve 10 and that said valve will also be cooled by the upper portion of the water cooled cylinder 1.

By providing a valve construction as described the valve will not warp and not only will the life of the valve be prolonged materially but valve grinding such as heretofore required is eliminated and preignition and the burning out and wearing of the valve is also avoided.

While the structure heretofore disclosed is designed for use in connection with any motor having a removable head it is to be understood that the mechanism can be combined with a motor of special construction as shown, for example, in Figure 4. In this form of engine the exhaust chamber 30 can be formed in the water cooled wall of the cylinder 31 and the sleeve valve 32 can work within the end portion of the cylinder so that the openings 33 therein can be moved into and out of register with the ports of the exhaust chamber. The head 34 of the cylinder has an integral casing 35 depending therefrom the lower end of which has "an annular enlargement 36 adapted to be engaged by the shoulder 37 within the sleeve valve 32. Both the sleeve valve and the depending casing having openings 38 and 39 adapted to register and an annular flange 40 is provided at the upper end of the sleeve valve for engagement by one end of a coiled spring 41.

Stems 42 extend upwardly from the sleeve valve and their upper ends are adapted to be engaged and actuated by earns 43 carried by a shaft 44 mounted in bearings 45 on the head 34. Another cam 46 is carried by the shaft and is adapted to engage and actuate a cap or head 47 secured to the upper end of the stem 48 of a valve 49. This valve normally bears against the seatprovided therefor by the enlargement 36 and the stem of the valve is slidable within a housing 50 carried by the head 34. In this housing is a guide or bearing sleeve 51 engaged by the stem 48 and a coiled spring 52 is seated in the housing and bears against the cap or head 47 so as to hold the valve normally on its seat.

A gear is secured to the shaft 44 and is driven by a gear 54 on the end of a shaft 55. This shaft has an oil passage 56 and a housing 57 is mounted on the head 34 so as to house the mechanism thereon and insure the proper distribution of lubricant to the various working parts.

The modified structure operates practically the same as the one heretofore described, the valves being shifted in properly timed relation by the cams, as will be obvious. It will be noted that in the modified formthe spark plug 58 is seated in a bore bnrecess 5.9 so located that whenthe po -s 1,440,079 p p g 33 are in register with the exhaust chamber 250 the bore or recess 59 is closed by the valve 32 whereas when the exhaust ports are closed the recess or bore 59 is in communication with the interior of the cylinder. Thus during a great portion of the time of operation of the engine the fire, oil and carbon are kept from contact with the spark plug and its life is considerably prolonged while, at the same time, the danger of preignition is materially lessened.

What is claimed is: i

1. In an explosive engine the combination with a cylinder having'an annular exhaust chamber and a mixing chamber in the head thereof, of a casing fixedly mounted in the head and extending across the mixing chamber, said casing having superposed annular series of close lying apertures in the wall thereof, a valve seat within the casing at one end thereof and adjacent the annular exhaust chamber, a sleeve valve slidably ing, there being an annular series of aperturesin the valve normally supported out of communication with the annular exhaust chamber, and means .tor shifting the sleeve valve to bring theiirst named apertures in communication with the apertures in the casing, thereby to admit gas from the mixing chamber to the casing to cool the valve and to warm the gas, said valve when shifted out of normal position being in communication with the annular exhaust chamber through the apertures in the valve adjacent the exhaust chamber, and means in the sleeve valve for engaging the seat when the valve is in normal position.

2. In an explosive engine the combination with a cylinder, a head thereon and registering bores within the cylinder of the head, there being a recess in one end of the head cooperating with the cylinder to form an annular exhaust chamber and a recess in the head communicating with the bore and constituting a mixing chamber, of a casing secured within the head and extending across the mixing chamber, said casing having closed, and means for shifting the Sleeve valve against the action of the spring to open the apertures and to move the shoulder from its seat, there being an annular series of apertures in the sleeve movable into register with the exhaust chamber when the mission of gas tov the casing.

8.111 an explosive engine the combination with a cylinder and a head secured thereto, said cylinder and headhaving registering bores, there being a mixing "chamber in the head and an annular exhaustchamber between the head and cylinder, of a casing supported in the mixing chamber and extending into the bore in the head, an interior bevel valve seat within the casing, a valve normally engaging one of said seats to close apertures in the sleeve are opened for the adcommunication between the interior of the casing and the'cylmder, a sleeve valve slidable on the casing and withinthe bores in the cylinder head, there being apertures in the sleeve valve and easing, yielding means extending around the'sleeve valve for supporting it with the apertures normally out of communication with the apertures in the casing, therebeing exhaust apertures in the sleeve valve normally held by the spring out of communication with the exhaust chamber, a shoulder within the sleeve valve normally engaging one of the valve seats in the casing, and means supported entirely outside of the cylinder and head for actuating the valve and sleeve in properly timed relation to control the flow of gases within the engine.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto affixed my signa ture in the presence of two witnesses.

LLOYD nnncnn'n HUBBARD. Witnessesi w. w. E. P; Gumnnsn.

Images