US1430173A - Hair-cutting machine - Google Patents

Description

i SMN Q Patened Sept. 26,

.ma wx w M ahlen n c 1j P. A. MALVICK.

HAIR CUTTING NIACHiNE.

APPLICATION HLED JUNE 27,1921.

Y is embodied a novel arrangement of mechan- :PETER MALVICK, 0F COLUMBUS, OHIO.

HAIR-CUTTING MACHINE.

Application led June 27, 1921. Serial No. 480,527.

T0 all wia-0m I? may concern Be it known that PETER A. MALvIoii, a citizen of the United States, residing at Columbus, in the county of Franklin and State of Ohio, has invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hair-Cutting-Machines, of which the following is a. specification.

This invention relates to improvements in hair cutting machines and has for its primary object to provide a machine whereln ical parts for effecting the reciprocationof its cutter, and to permit of this operatlon in an effective, quiet and positive manner.

The primary object of the invention resides in the provision of a hair cutting tool which will be capable of being usefully employed by barbers and others as a substitute for the ordinary scissors now generally employed for this purpose, the construction of .my improved hair cutting tool being such as to admit of its controlled operation 1n such manner that the hair may be evenly and uniformly cut to desired lengths in a more convenient and expeditious manner than can be accomplished by use of the ordinary scissors.

Other objects of the invention reside in forming the cutter so that the latter will be enabled to closely cut or clip the edges of the hair and to shape the latter generally to accord with prevailing styles, in forming the teeth of the reciprocatory cutter member, embodied in the tool, so that certain of the end teeth of the critter member will be greater in length than the remaining teeth, the said longer teeth of the cutter member being adapted to register with the teeth of a stationary guard andare dis-posed at the end of the tool for the purpose of be-.

ing employed in the same capacity as the tip ends of a pair of scissors; and in providing al hair cutting tool of this character which will be properly designed to adapt the same for the express purpose of cutting hair and to permit barbers to accomplish the operation in a rapid manner and to utilize their skill to the best advantage.

With these and other objects in View, as will appear as the description proceeds, the invention accordingly consists in the novel features of construction, combinations of eie-` ments and arrangements of parts, hereinafter to be fully described and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanyingdrawings: Figure 1 is a plan View of the improved 'hair cutting tool comprising the present'y invention.

Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view taken through the same.

Figure 3 is a transverse cross sectional view taken on the plane indicated by the line 3 3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 4 4 of Figure 1, and,

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the cutter member embodied in the tool, and

Figure 6 is a detail sectional view,disclos ing the construction for connecting the flexible shaft with the tool proper.

Referring more particularly to the details of the invention, my improved hair cutting tool is designated in its entirety by the numeral 1, and in the specific embodiment illustrated, the said tool consists of a hollow handle 2, a guard plate 3, a reciprocatory cutter member 4 and an operating mechanism 5 for effecting the reciprocation of the cutter member.

The handle 2 includes a pair of separable sections, the lower of which being designated by the numeral 6 and the upper by the numeral 7. These sections when combined produce a chamber 8 within the handle, in which the operating mechanism 5 is adapted to be situated. It will be understood that the said sections maybe firmly united to produce a complete handle by means of removably associated fastening elements 9. One end of the handle is provided with a bore 10, communicating with the chamber 8, and in this bore is arranged a rotatable shaft 11, which is designed for connection with a flexible shaft 12, defined by any suitable means, not shown. It will be understood that by means of the flexible shaft, the operator of the tool may readily wield or em ploy the latter without being in any way hampered in his movements, and furthermore, by means of the flexible shaft, the tool may be operated from the usual electric motors commonly found in barber shops.

The shaft 11 protrudes preferably into the chamber 8 and has formed or connected therewith a cam or wobble plate 13 which is situated for rotation within an enlarged p0rtion of the chamber 8. The effective surface of the cam 13 is disposed for engagement with an oscillatory plate 14, which includes spaced fingers 15 disposed for frictional engagement with the surface of the cam or wobble plate 13. It will be manifest that by reason of this location of parts, the rotation of the shaft 12 will result in rotating the cam 13, and thus impart the desired oscillatory motion to the plate 14, which is centrally pivoted as at 16 to the lower section 6 of the handle.

The lower section of the handle is mortised as at 17 for the reception of the reduced shank end 18 of a guard 19. This guard is of metallic construction and projects longitudinally an appreciable distance beyond the handle 2 and is generally of flat cross sectional configuration, the same being provided with a plurality of cutter teeth 20, which project integrally and laterally from one side of the guard. Thus, the said guard will be of substantially comb-like formation, and it will be observed that its cutter teeth are of uniform length throughout the guard.

` Since the shank end 18 of the guard 1s rigidly connected as at 21 in the mortise 17 of the handle, it will be apparent that, in operation, the said guard may be forced through the hair of the head in substantially the manner employed in manipulating a comb, the spaced teeth 2O of a guard admitting of the passage of the hair therebetween. In combination with the guard, there is employed the cutter member 4, the construction of which has been disclosed in detail in Figure 5. It will be observed that this cutter consists of a. flat plate of steel, and is adapted to lie upon and to extend in parallelism with the guard plate, whereby the cutter may be caused to move bodily over the said guard plate to produce the requisite cutting action. Thus, the said cutter member includes a plurality of integrally laterally extending cutter teeth 22, which are formed to register with the teeth 20 of the guard, the edges of said teeth being suitably sharpened to provide cutting edges. Manifestly, as the cutter is reciprocated, its teeth 22 will be moved relatively to the teeth 2O so as to sever the hair positioned between the sets of teeth 20 and 22. s

As disposed, one end of the cutter member extends into the chamber 8, and is provided with a substantially circular recess 23, in which is seated the enlarged circular head 24 provided upon an operating link 25, the latter having its opposite end pivotally connected as at 26 with the oscillatory plate 14. This construction is such that when the Wobble plate 13 is rotated, reciprocatory movement will be imparted to the cutter proper, the connection 23 and 24 between the link 25 and the cutter member admits of the transfer of the oscillatory mot-ion on the part of the plate 14 into reciprocatory motion on the part of the cutter. To prevent raising movement of the cutter, there is provided a clamping plate 27. This plate 27 extends longitudinally of the cutter on the upper side thereof, and is provided with depending iingers 28 which engage with the rear edge of the cutter and also with the upper surface of the base or guard plate. Binding screws 29 pass through registering openings formed in the guard and clamping plates 19 and 27 respectively, and the Shanks of said screws are received within elongated slots 30 formed in the cutter member, the said slots admitting of the reciprocation of the member and at the same time to enable the clamping plate to exercise sufficient pressure on the cutter member to prevent the latter from raising, thus maintaining the cutting edges of the teeth 2O and 22 in proper frictional relationship to secure a complete and efficient cutting action.

In view of the foregoing description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, it will be apparent that the present invention provides a hair cutting tool wherein unique features of construction and design are present for the purpose of rendering the tool convenient to operate and efficient 1n its intended capacity. By this construction, the tool may be readily passed through the hair to effect the cutting or severing thereof, and this cutting action may be readily governed so that the hair will be uniformly and properly graduated to produce the desired appearance. The tool is also formed so that the same may closely clip the edges of the hair, in substantially the same manner as is now ordinarily done by employing the tips of a pair of scissors. This end is accomplished by extending the end tooth 32 of the cutter teeth 22 so that the same will be of"substantially the same length as the guard teeth 20, a feature of construction which enables the tool by proper manipulation to produce the desired cutting action upon the hair to form its f edges. In this respect my invention is believed to constitute a. distinct improvement over prior constructions which cannot be employed for nishing the edges. A further advantage resides in the specific form of cutter reciprocating mechanism, wherein is included a wobble plate 13 and an oscillatory plate 14. This construction admits of positive yet quiet movement on the part of the cutter, and avoids the chattering noises so commonly prevalent in tools of this character. It will be understood that the operating mechanism within t-he chamber 8 may be suitably packed with a lubricant to further reduce noise and friction.

As shown in Figure 6 the flexible shaft terminates in an extension 35, which is adapted to be keyed to the cam 13, and is removably positioned in a bore provided in the shaft end 11 of the cam, the said eX- tension being provided with a key capable of cooperating with said bore to G TQC the r0- tation of the cam. To retain the HeXible shaft within the handle any suitable structure may be employed, whereby the attachment of the flexible shaft may be quickly and easily accomplished. As shown, this result may be accomplished by means of a spring pressed pin 37, which will engage With an annular groove 38 provided in the end of the flexible shaft 12.

Vhat is claimed is:

l. A hair cutting tool comprising a handle having a chamber formed therein, a guard plate projecting rigidly from said handle and including a plurality of spaced teeth of uniform length, a reciprocatory cutter mounted upon said plate and provided with teeth capable of registering with the teeth of said plate, certain of the teeth of said cutter being of substantially the same length as the teeth of said guard plate, the remaining teeth of said cutter being appreciably shorter than the teeth of said guard plate, and mechanism situated Within the chamber of said handle and capable of effecting the reciprocation of said cutter.

2. A hair cutting tool comprising a handle structure, a guard plate projecting rigidly from said handle structure and including a plurality of laterally extending teeth, a cutter mounted for reciprocation upon said guard plate, said cutter including a plurality of teeth designed for cooperation With the teeth of said guard plate, certain of the teeth of said cutter being of substantially the same length as the teeth of said guard plate, the remaining teeth of said cutter being materially shorter than the teeth of said guard plate, and means for effecting the reciprocation of said cutter.

3. A hair cutting tool comprising a handle structure, a guard plate projecting from said handle structure, said guard plate including a plurality of spaced teeth of uniform length extending laterally from one edge of said plate, a cutter mounted for reciprocation upon said plate and including a plurality of teeth disposed for registration With the teeth of said guard plate, the teeth provided upon the outer end of said cutter being of substantially the same length as the teeth of said guard plate, the remaining teeth of said cutter being materially shorter than the teeth of said guard plate, and means for effecting the reciprocation of said cutter.

4. A hair cutting tool comprising a handle structure, a guard plate projecting longitudinally from said handle structure and rigidly connected therewith, said guard plate including a plurality of spaced teeth provided upon one of the longitudinal edges thereof, a cutter member mounted for recip rocation upon said guard plate, said'cutter member being provided with teeth designed for registration and cooperation with the teeth of said guard plate, means embodied in said handle structure for effecting the reciprocation of said cutter member, and a clamping plate provided upon the upper surface of said cutter member and designed to hold the latter in rictional engagement With said guard plate, said clamping plate including a down turned portion capable of engaging With the rear edge of said critter member and With the upper surface of said guard plate, and binding devices passing through registering openings provided in said guard plate, cutter member and clamping plate.

In testimony whereof l aix my signature.

PETER A. MALVICK.

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