US143004A - Improvement in smoke-burning furnaces - Google Patents

Description

s. A. FORD.

2 Sheet Sheefl.

Smoke-Burning Furnaces.

Patented September 23, I873.

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S. A FORD.

Smoke-Burning Furnaces. NO. 143,004. K Patented September23,1873.

, Aaiesc \nventor n famy L UNITED STATES SAMUEL A. FORD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

IMPROVEMENT IN SMOKE-BURNING FURNACES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 143,004, dated September 23, 1873; application filed August 18, 1873.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, SAMUEL A. FORD, of the city of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Smoke-Burning Furnaces, of which the following is a specification:

My invention is especially adapted for use in connection with steam-boilers and heatingfurnaces; but I shall more particularly describe its application to steam-boilers, it being observed that in the case of heating-furnaces the top wall of the furnace corresponds to the bottom of the boiler, as herein referred to.

The object of my invention is to provide a cheap and effective method of promoting the combustion of volatile hydrocarbon and other gases, which, in passing'oft as smoke, occasions great loss of heat and consequent waste of fuel. To accomplish this purpose I construct, in the following manner, chambers for heating and distributing air and intimately mingling the same with the gases at the point where the highest temperature, and hence greatest expansion, is usually obtained. The space immediately in the rear of the bridgewall in general use is bricked up as far as may be required or desirable, for the purpose of constructing within this brick-work, or when the space is limited in part within it, and in part within the bridge-wall, an air-chamber of sufficient capacity, the size of the same being in all cases governed by the size of the boiler, and the quantity of coal to be consumed per hour. The top of this brick-work is either on a line with the top of the bridgewall, or, in some cases, dropped a little below it. At a convenient distance in the rear of this air-chamber a similar but usually smaller air-chamber is constructed, parallel with the same, and connected therewith by means of pipes, or, when the same is more convenient, by means of continuous brick-work, having flues constructed within it, the air in its passage through these pipes or flues being heated to the desiredtemperature. Immediatelyunder and dependent from the bottom of the boiler, and over the bridge-wall and air-chamber first mentioned, there is also constructed, by means of a hollow arch or hollow arches, another airchamber, connected with the one beneath it,

and first described, by means of passages or spaces at the ends of the arch or arches. This upper air-chamber is deflected, so as to make the space between the top of the arch or arches and the bottom of the boiler at the rear end of the chamber larger than at the front. These air-chambers may be constructed of any material capable of resisting a high temperature. A small jet of steam is taken, by means of a suitable pipe, from the dome of the boiler, and may be introduced into either of the two lower air-chambers but the mode of using the same which I have shown in the drawing forming a part of this specification I have found the most effective, for, by means of openings in the steam-pipe opposite each pipe or passage connecting the rear air-chamber with the one in front of it, the supply of air is readily controlled, and thereby also any defect in the draft is entirely obviated. In situations where the natural draft is very strong, the steam jet may be dispensed with.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view, one side of the furnace-wall being removed to show the grate, fire-box, bridge-wall, and air-chambe. s. Fig. 2 is a side elevation with furnace-wall removed. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section on line K K of Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section on line L L of Fig. 3.

A represents an ordinary boiler; B, the firebox; 0, the bridge-wall; D, E, and H, the airchambers; Gr, the pipes or passages connecting the two lower air-chambers together, and for heating the air 5 I I I, small orifices for minutely distributing the air; F F, a narrow opening lengthwise of the air-chambers E and D, for a similar purpose; and O O 0, small openings through the upper wall of D and lower wall of E, for the same purpose. J is the steam-pipe.

The operation of my invention is as follows The fire having'been built in the fire-box Bin the ordinary manner, the air-chambers and their connections are soon sufficiently heated to employ them for the purpose had in view with effect. Air is then admitted in any desired quantity through the walls of the boiler setting into the air-chamber H, the air being, during its passage through this chamber and through the pipes G, or corresponding fines,

constructed in brick-work, and into the airchamber 1), heated to the same temperature as the gases, and is mingled with the gases by passing out through the openings F F and the small orifices I I and O O O.

The openings F F and orifices O O O are constructed on an angle, as shown in the drawings, for the purpose of bringing the currents of air from the upper chamber E and the lower chamber D together at a common center-line Within a reasonable space, thereby effecting a perfect or nearly perfect commingling of the air and the gases, and hence producing a more perfect combustion.

The number and size of the orifices I I I and O O, and the steanrpipe J, constructed, ar-

ranged, and operating in the ma-nnerand for the purpose set forth.

SAMUEL A. FORD.

Witnesses:

JOHN F. COLLINS, J. G. KING.

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