US1414795A - Hoisting drum - Google Patents

Description

J. R. SUMAN AND A. R. GAMBLE.

HOISTING DRUM.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.25,192o.

1,414,795. Patented May 2, 1922.

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JOHN R. SUMAN, 0F HOUSTON, AND ADRIAN R. GAMBLE, 0F VELASCO, TEXAS.

HOISTIN Gr DRUM.

Letlletflg Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2, i922.

Appiication mea october 25, 1920. senaino. 419,305.

To all whom it may concern.'

' Be it known that we, JoHN R. SUMAN and ADRIAN R. GAMBLE, citizens'of the United States, residing, respectively, at Houston, Harris County, Texas, and Velasco, Brazoria County, Texas'have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Hoisting Drums of which the followingis a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled lin the art to which it appertains'to make anduse the same.

Our 'invention relates to an improvement in hoisting drums. llt pertains particularly to drums for use on draw works employed in the rotary system ofrdrilling oil, gas, and water wells. l

In the present system of rotary drilling used in the oil fields, a draw works is employed to raise and lower the drill stem andV the drill, the casing, and other apparatus in the well. A cable for this purpose is operated from a power actuated hoisting drum located on a derrick platform. The cable passes upwardly from the vhoisting drum over pulleys on the crown block at the top of the derrick and downwardly around sheaves in the traveling block and again over similar sheaves on the crown block and passes thus back and forth from the traveling block to the crown block and finally back down to the derrick platform where the lower end of same is attached to beams supporting the platform. This 'lower outer` end of the cable is called the dead line and does not assist in any way in the raising and lowering of theload. The entire cable is wound upon the one hoisting drum ordinarily employed. be handled in deep wells, it is common to pass the cable back and forth from the crown block to the traveling block Ll or 5. times so as to make 8 or 10 lines between the two blocks so as to increase the power in raising the load. The operation of the drum in raising the load is hence slow and a heavy load pulls upon the cable as it is wound up on the drum. Tn reeling up the cable it is found that, after the first layer has been wound upon the drum the tightness of the cable due to the load thereon often causes a cutting of cable already wound until it is weakened or broken so that it has to be repaired or a new cable used.

It is also necessary when a light lead is being operated and speed is desired to unthread the cable from the crown block. to

When large loads are to the traveling block so as to` reduce the nun1- ber of strands ofcable between the two blocks so as to increase the speed of hoistlng the load. `Nhen, however, the load increases, it becomes necessary to rethread the the drill stem lis in the well'and there is l then danger ,that'so much time will be" consumed' iny re-arranging the cable thatfthe drill stem will become frozen in the well anrll1 vcannot be withdrawn, thus junking the we The object of our invention is to employ 'a plurality of hoisting drums v upon theslame shaft so that the cable may be'wound partlv on one drum and partly .on another sok that the danger vof cutting the :cable will be greatly lessened. I Y

.'Another object is to .provide an arrange-v ment of hoisting drums whereby the'cable may be wound from both ends at once, if

desired, so. as toy double the speed by lwhich theV two drums maybe operated simulliane-V ouslywhen desired. v l The further objects and advantages of our invention will more clearlyappear in the specification which follows.v y

Referring to the drawing fo-rming a part of this specification and wherein like numerals of. reference are applied toboth the views, Fig. l, is ya central vlongitudinal section through a rderrick upon which yis mounted a preferred embodiment of our invention, and showing the same .inside elevation; and Fig. 2 is an f enlarged Vcentral longitudinal section through the hoisting drum shown in Fig.V l. In Fig. 1 is shown a broken view of a derrick l being mounted upona base 2, and having a platform 3 thereon, on which is mounted the hoisting apparatus A, ordinarily used in drilling operations. At the upper end of the derrick is mounted a support 4L sustaining the crown block 5 resting thereon. This crown block comprises a seriesof pulleys or sheaves 6 mounted upon bearing shafts 7 resting' upon the block 5. The pulleys 6 are formed with a peripheral groove, in which the cable 8 is adapted to run. These sheaves may be of any desired number, usually from 2 to 6, said pulleys being mounted in rows upon the supporting frame of the crown block 5 so that the cable may pass over each of the pulleys in turn without the cable interfering with the operation of any of the separate pulleys. Below the crown block is a traveling block 9. rThis traveling' block is nothing` more than a compound pulley', or system of sheaves mounted in a frame work 10, said frame work acting as a support for the sheaves and extending a short distance below the same for attachment to a yoke 11 and hook 12, to which the bail 13 of the swivel 14 is attached. The swivel 14 acts as a non-rotatable support for the rotating drill stem 15, to which the drill, not shown, is attached. This swivel. drill stem and drill constitute the ordinary load in the regular drilling` operation. 1t will be understood, however, that the hook 12 may be attached to an elevator for raising and lowering` casing. fishingv tools and other apparatusordinarily in use about the derrick in drilling operations.

The hoisting,` apparatus A. which we employ is mounted upon the derrick platform. A. cross shaft 15 is mounted for rotation in bearings 16 secured to uprights 17 upon the platform. The shaft 15 is operated preferably by some source of mechanical power by means of a sprocket wheel 18 mounted upon the shaft toward one end thereof. This sprocket wheel is mounted loosely for rotation 'on the shaft under ordinary circumstances, but has a projecting` hub on the outer face thereof having teeth 19 adapted to mesh with teeth 2O upon theV clutch member 21, the said clutch beingv keyed slidably to the shaft 15 and operated by means of a lever 22 in a well known manner. Thus the shaft may be operated through the means of the sprocket wheel 18 by simply throwing the clutch 20 into mesh with the teeth on the hub of the sprocket wheel. Adjacent the sprocket wheel on the side opposite the clutch is a hoistingV drum 23. This drum is of ordinary construction and, as shown in Fig. 2, is secured to the shaft by means of a key 24 thereon. The end adjacent the sprocket wheel 18 is provided with a brake drum 25, over which a brake band 26 operates, the said brake band being tightened upon the drum by means of a lever 27.

Immediately adjacent the drum 23 is another drum 28. This drum, as shown in Fig. 2, is mounted idly on the shaft 15 for rotation thereon and for this purpose is provided with bushings 29 and 30, these bushings being of any preferred bearing metal, such as bronze, etc. The outer periphery of the drum, which. in both the hoisting dru ms,is separated fromthe shaft by means of metal discs 31 at the ends thereof, is made up of a cylindrical length of metal pipe 32 furnishing a surface upon which the cable is mounted. Between the pipe 32 and the shaft, intermediate the ends, is a chamber 33 which we contemplate using as a reservoir for lubricant and, as a means of filling,` this chamber from time to time, we have provided an inlet pipe 34 having a closing cap 35 atr the outer end thereof. The outer end of the drum 28 has a brake drum 36 thereon, by means of which the speed of the drum may be controlled. Teeth 3T on the outer face of the hub of the drum are adapted for co-operatiou with the teeth 38 of a clutch 40 keyed slidably to the shaft by means of a key 39. The clutch 4l() is operate-d by means of a hand lever 4.1, pivoted on a bracket Ll2 secured to one of the uprights 17.

The operation of our device will now be clear. The cable will be wound. from. the drum 23, upwardly over one of the sheaves 6 of the crown block and back through corresponding sheaves in the traveling,- block 9 and again over another sheave in the crown block, thus passing back and forth from the crown block to the traveling block so as to provide the customary 8 lines used in heavy loads. The forward end of the cable will then be passed downwardly around the second drum 28.

`When light loads are being operated and speed is desired. both drums will preferably be operated. For this purpose, the brake band will be loosened and the clutch 20 will ac thrown into gear with the power operated sprocket wheel 18. This will rotate the shaft and the drum 23 fixed thereon. The clutch ffl-O willthen be also thrown in, the brake band on the drum 36 being' loosened and the hoisting; drum 28 thus operated. The rotation of the shaft 15 will draw upon both ends of the cable at once` and, as will be obvious, the speed with which the load is handled will be doubled. 1t is apparent,

' of course, that if less than the usual 8 lines are threaded from the crown block to the travelingv block the speed may be still further increased.

Then the load becomes so heavy, however, that it can not be easily handled by'the ordinary power applied to the shaft 15, the clutch 10, serving' to cause the operation of the drum 28 will be thrown out of gear and the brake band on the drum 38 tightened so as to prevent the rotation of this drum. The rotation of the shaft 15 will then act to operate the drum 23 only and the speed of handling the load will be only one-half as great as when both drums were used. The power, as will be obvious. will be increased by two. Thus, without the necessity of rethreading; the cable over the crown and traveling block, the power wllgbe increased when the load becomes heavy. The further advantage will arise in that part of the cable may be wound up on the drinn 28 and when the load is raised by the operationof the cable on the drum 23 only the necessary cable used in operating the load will be wound upon the drum 23, and the liability of cutting and increased wear on the cable will be greatly lessened.

I-laving thus described our invention, the advantages of which will be understood to one skilled in the art, what we claim. as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:

l. In a device of the character described, a compound hoisting drum, comprising a shaft, a power operated wheel thereon, a clutch to throw said shaft in and out of gear with said wheel, main drinn secured to said shaft, a second drum on said shaft and normally idling thereon, hand operated means to connect said second d'rurn to said shaft, a load-sustaining cable having voperative connection with both of said drums and means to control the speed of said drums.

2. In a device of the character described, a compound hoisting apparatus comprising, a rotatable shaft, means to connect and disconnect said shaft to source of power, a main drum fixed on said shaft,- a second drum, normally idling on said shaft, a load-sustaining cable having operative connection withy both of said drums, and means to connect said second drum to said shaft as desired, whereby said cable may be reeled or unreeled from either or both drums simultaneously, as described.

3. In a device of the character described, a compound hoisting apparatus comprising a rotatable shaft, a clutch adapted to connect said shaft to a source of power, a cable drum fixed on said shaft, a second drum normally idling on said shaft, meansl toconnect said second drum to said shaft, a loadsustaining cable having` operative connection with both of said drums and brakes controlling the speed of each of said drums.

4. In a device of the character described, a derrick, a load operating means comprising a crown block on said derrick, a traveling block attached to said load, a hoisting apparatus having two drums, meansA for rotating one or both of said drums, and a cable secured to one of said drums, passed over said crown block and around said traveling block a plurality of times, and secured at the other end to theother of said drums, whereby said cable may be reeled from oneend or Vfrom both' ends at once as desired.

5. In a device ofthe character described, a derrick, a hoisting apparatus comprising a crown block, a traveling block, a rotat, able shaft, two cable drums thereon, means to rotate one of said drums independently of the other and means whereby both may be rotatedv simultaneously as desired, and a cable secured at its ends to said drums, the

JonN asUMAN. ADRIAN n. GAMBLE.

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