US1407288A - Kiln furnace - Google Patents

Description

F. M. MARRIS.

KILN FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. '14. 192i.

Patented Feb. 21, 1922.

bwmwr furnaces for brick kiln and the like;

FRANK M. MARRIS, or AJJEL, IOWA.

xrnn FURNACE...

Specification of LetterslEatent. Pai entedhF b 1,922

A Application filed February 14,1921. Serial No. 444,929.

T 0 aZZw ham it'mcty concern.

Be it known that I, FRANK M; MARnIs, a citizen ofthe United States, and a resident of Adel", in the county of Dallas and the State of Iowa, having invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Kiln Furnaces, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvement }in T e object of my invention is to provide a device"- of simple, durable and comparatively inexpensive construction to be used in connection with the furnaces of kilns such asjare designed to burn brick and tile, and topro vide means in connection therewith whereby the draft ofthe kilnmay' be-more accuratel'y regulated. i I

7 More specifically it is the object of my ina H vention to provide in adoor construction,

improved means for mounting the doorsrelative to the furnaces, and in connection therewith means for controlling the draft above the fuel of the fuel opening. 7

These and other objects will be apparent to those skilled'in the art.

My invention-consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of the various parts of the"Cl@VlC8S, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully setforth, pointed out in my claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which: I

Figure 1 is a sectional front "elevation of myimproved furnace construction. .A portion of the draft doors being broken away.

Figure 2 is a central vertical sectional view taken on the line 2- 2 of the Figure 1. Figure 3 is a sectional View taken on'thc same line but showing the manner in which the fuel is placed in position with the fuel doors closed.

The numeral 10 indicates a portion of a wall of a kiln such as is commonly used in burning-- brick and tile. This wall 10 is provided with a series of fuel openings 11 anda series of draft openings 12. A flash wall 13 is mounted inside of the wall a slight'distance as'clearly shown in Figures 2 and S. I I

The fuel opening lilis provided with an inclined bottom i l which is designed for the purpose of forming a rest for the fuel and" so arranged that the fuel may be easily fed to the space" between the flash wall 13 and the inner faceof the wall 10. The'opem mg 12: is mounted immediately beneath the openlng 111- and providedfor the purpose'of feeding air to the'fuel and also. for thehpurfpose ofremoving -the-cinders. Thefi re is usually started lay placing kindling iIr'the bottom of thespace between the walls 13' and 10, and placing the fuel-on the topofthe k ling, after/which the fue1;'whi is use.

ally coal or coke, is ignited. This formscinders 1n the bottom which fills thelower part of the space between the said walls and alsoa portion ofthe'opening; 12 asclearl' y illustrated 111 F '1gurei3. These cinders'then form sort of a grate upon which. the fuel rests and through which the, air .isfefdtothe combustiblefueli Ithas hitherto been the practiceto place the fuel in the. furnace, as just described without any means for controlling the draft any other than by removing acertaii amountof the cind'ers. The said opening ll is usually filled more or less to control "the draft above the fuel. This I have found by actual practice is'a' very unsatisfactory way of regulating the draft for several reasons. One is that if a wind is blowing from the west, the heat will be carried'to the east side of the kiln and the smoke from the furnace on the [east side of'the kiln willbe blown-out, through the. fuel opening; This causes the kiln to carry-a higher temperature on the east side than on the Westside; It

often" happens that the-wind will stay in the samefidirection for several; days and when it does so, 1t makes considerable difference in the way the fireuburns in the t'wo sidesofthe kiln, eitheri one side is burning too muchor the other side toof little thereby givingja very unevenly burnedproduct;

Toovercometh'se difficulties, I have provided means for regulatingthe drafts which consist-of a frame 14 formed cast integral of somesuit'able material such as cast iron. I 1

This frame is designed. to have side flanges 15 anda front'plate 16 together with a top plate 17. The flanges 14 extending the-full length of the frame which, is from thegfl'oor linefto a point above the arch of thesfuel opening and maybe of any suitable width and des'igned-to-extend in an opening with- 105 in-the wall 10. The topplate l7 isformed slightly arched and has its'inner edge curved c,

slightly downward." 'The' plate 16 is" pm vided with an opening 18 which is designed to coact with the opening 11. An inclined plate 19 is provided at the lower edge of the opening 18 and formed integral with the plate 16.

After the frame 14 has been placed in the wall the wall 20 is placed between the openi'ngs 11 and 12 with the inclined top portion 1 1 in line with the inclined plate 19 thereby forming a member upon which the combustible fuel may be placed. An opening 21 is provided with the bottom plate 16 in line with the opening 12. Each edge of the plate 16 adjacent to the opening 12 is provided with a flange member 22 having a notch 23. These flanges are spaced apart from the plate 16 for the purpose of forming grooves 24 in which a door 25 is slidably mounted. This door is provided with a handle 26 and also ratchets 27 which are pivoted adjacent to the members 22 in such a manner that they may engage the notches 23 for the purpose of supporting the door 25 in any one of a number of elevated positions. This provides means for absolutely and accurately regulating the draft through the opening 12.

The opening 18 has a door 28 pivoted adjacent to each of its side edges designed to swing horizontally to open or close the opening 18. Each of said doors is provided with a damper member 29 which consists of a' pivot plate designed to move into or out of position over an opening 30 through said doors. The said doors have provided means for somewhat regulating the draft through the opening 11.

I have found that at times it is necessary to feed some air to the fuel through the opening 18 which may be somewhat regulated by the dampers 29, but in order toprevent smoke from being blown outward through the space above the fuel when the drafts 29 are opened, I have provided what I shall term an auxiliary door 31. This auxiliary door is designed to extend across the entire width of the opening 18 and pivoted at its top edge to downwardly extending lugs 32. The said lugs being placed near the inner edge of the flange 17 and the auxiliary door 31 of such width that it will engage the top edge of the pile of fuel that rests on the member 14 2 The top surface of this pile usually slants downward and outward, as the opening 11 is sometimes filled to the top or near the top. By permitting the lower edge of the auxiliary door 31 to engage the fuel I have provided means whereby the smoke will not be forced outward above the fuel. This is quite essential due to the fact that in heating or cooling the kiln, it is not always desirable to fill the opening ll to the top. The draft may be fed to the top portion of the fuel through the space between the lower edge of the auxiliary door 31 and the lower edge of the opening 18. i

F or automatically opening the auxiliary doors 31, I have provided a chain 33 which is connected to the said auxiliary door near one end and to the inner face of one of the doors 28 near its top edge. This chain may be of such length that the door 28 may be opened to an angle of substantially 90 degrees from its closed position before it starts to elevate the lower edge of the auxiliary door 31, this may then be accomplished by moving the door 28 from its lateral position to a position adjacent to the side of the wall 10. This will also permit fuel to be thrown into the furnace beneath the lower edge of said auxiliary door. Said auxiliary door 31 may be then lowered by moving door 28 to a position at right angles with the plate 16. The doors 28 may be then closed any amount desired to regulate the draft, or they may be opened to poke the fire without permitting the smoke and flames to be, driven in the attendants face.

By this construction it will be seen that all of the doors on the wall inside of the kiln may be entirely or partly closed, while those on the opposite side may be left partly opened if so desired and a comparatively uniform temperature retained within the kiln.

Another advantage of my improvement lies in the fact that I have provided a kiln frame designed to carry both sets of doors which may be mounted in the kiln in such a manner that they may be hinged and mounted so that they will always be comparatively tight and in workable condition.

Another advantage of the member 31 lies in the fact that it acts as a shield for preventing the heat from striking the door 28 and warping them so they will not fit closely.

I claim I 1. In a device of the class described, the combination of a kiln having fuel and draft openings with a single integral frame having openings corresponding with said fuel and draft openings, a vertically pivoted door for said fuel opening, a horizontally pivoted auxiliary door inside of said vertically pivoted door, means actuated by opening said vertically pivoted door for swinging the lower edge of said horizontally pivoted door outward.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination of a kiln having fuel and draft openings with a single integral frame having openings corresponding with said fuel and draft openings, a vertically pivoted door for said fuel opening, a horizontally pivoted auxiliary door inside of said vertically pivoted door, means actuated by opening said vertically pivoted door for swinging the lower edge of said horizontally pivoted door outward, a door slidably mounted in ratchet guide members, to adjust the said draft opening, and coacting pawls pivoted to the last said door.

3. In a device of the class described, a frame having a fuel opening and a draft opening, means for adjustably opening and closing the .draft opening, vertically pivoted doors for the fuel opening, a damper for. each of said vertically pivoted doors, an auxiliary inner door for said fuel opening 10 and means actuatedby said vertically pivoted doors for opening and closing said auxiliary doors.

Des Moines, Iowa, January 29, 1921.

FRANK M. MARRIS.

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