US1388281A - Carpenter's adjustable fillister or rabbet plane - Google Patents

Description

J. E. MEED. GARPENTERS ADJUSTABLE FILLISTER OR RABBET PLANE.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

APPLICATlON FILED JUNE 21,1920.

ii g Q wmwooz Z J. E. ME ED. CARPENTERS ADJUSTABLE FILLISTER 0R RABBET PLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JIL'NE 21.1920.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

3SHEETSSHEET 2.

QCLJ/V 1. E. ME ED. CARPENTERS ADJUSTABLE FlLLISTER 0R RABBET PLANE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 21,1920. 1,388,281. Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES E. MEED, OF PALESTINE, WEST VIRGINIA.

1 '0 all Q0/7107)? it may concern Be it known that I, J AMES E. Mnnn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Palestine, in the county of W'irt and State of West Virginia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Carpenters Adjustable Fillister or Rabbet Planes, of whichv the following is a specification.

This invention relates to carpenters planes, and particularly to improvements in planes of that type known as fillister or rabbet planes, and the present application is a continuation of my prior application filed Mar. as, 1918, Ser. No. 225,151.

One object of my invention is to provide a plane having a strong and durable con struction of metal body or stock and which reduces friction in the working movement of the plane over a surface.

another object of the invention is to provide simple, reliable and efficient means for more securely holding the plane-iron or cutter'blade, and for adjusting the cap to compensate for wear when occasion requires.

Another object of the invention is to provide side cutters for forming the margins of the rabbet or other out, whereby clean or smooth out margins may be obtained, combined with means for conveniently adjusting said side cutters to suit the depth of cut as well as to compensate "for wear and for sharpening of the cutters.

Another object is to provide improved means for securing the side cutters in position in such a manner as to keep them in accurate working order while permitting of their ready removal.

A nother object of the invention is to pro-- vide a gage for regulating the depth of cut, which gage may be adjusted to vary its Working position for any depth of cut and quickly removed when making abnormally deep cuts.

.Vith these and other objects in view, the invention consists of the features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts, hereinafter fully described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a side elevation, looking to- Specification of Letters Patent.

CARPENTERS ADJUSTABLE FILLISTER OR RABBET PLANE.

Patented Aug. 23, 1921.

This application filed June 21,

ward the right hand side, of a ing my invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation, looking toward the left hand side of the plane.

F 1g. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through the center of the plane.

Fig. 4 is a bottom plan view of a portion of the plane stock.

F 1g. 5 is a vertical transverse section on line 5-5 of Fig. 1. i

Fig. 6 is a sectional 6-6 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a detail section on line 77 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is a detail Section through one of the latches of the side cutter adj ustlng shafts and associated parts.

Fig. 9 is a vertical transverse section on line 9-9 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 10 is a similar viewv with the depth gage removed.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary section showing one of the latch plates.

Fig. 12 is'a plan view of the body of the plane, omitting all removable parts.

Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the same, partly broken away.

Referring to the drawings, 1 designates generally the body or stock of the tool, which is preferably formed of a single metallic castingand includes a bottom plate or shoe 2, a continuous side plate 3 at the right hand side of the stock, a comparatively short side plate 4 at the left hand side of the stock, and a handle 5'which is integral with the side plate. 3. The bottom plate 2 is divided, as is usual in planes of this character, to provide the throat 6, through which the cutting edge of the plane-iron or cutting bit Tprojects, which throatextends obliquely across the full width of the sole. For the purpose of strengthening and reinforcing the divided sole, the short side plate 4 is arranged to extend in front and rear of the throat and is connected with and braced from the continuous side plate 3 by an arched longitudinally and laterally extending brace 8. This brace-8 connects the portion of the plate 4 in rear of the throat 6 with the plate 3 and partially overhangs the plan view on line plane embodythroat, as shown. Also connecting the two plates 3 and 4 is a curved wall or web 9, forming the front wall and a portion of the roof of the throat 6 and performing the double function of a strengthening element and a deflector for guiding the shavings through the clearance space 10 opening through the opposite sides of the stock and located immediately above the throat. The stock is preferably further strengthened by providing at the front thereof a flange 11 continuous with the base of the wall 4 and connecting the same with the base and a front transverse wall 12.. tegrally with the stock and connected with the walls 3 and 4 is a frog or bit seat 13, which is connected at its upper edge with the wall 3 by a'bracing web 14. By the construction 'of the parts of the stock as above described, all of which are integral in a single casting, an exceedingly strong and durable construction of stock is provided, one in which all weakness of the stock from the formation of the throat is avoided, and whichis not liable to warp or get out of shape or to break transversely along the line of the throat from weakness or rough handling. As shown, the bottom of the sole 2 and outer side of the side plate 3 are lon-' gitudinally grooved to provide ribs or reduced surfaces 15, thus reducing the amount of surface running in contact with the work or other'object and correspondingly reducing friction.

The bit or cutting plate 7 may be of any ordinary form, except as hereinafter described, and, as shown, said bit is provided with a slot 16 to receive a roller or projection17 upon the lateral adjusting lever 18, which lever ma be of ordinary construction and pivotal y mounted upon the seat 13, as, indicated at 19. The bit is clamped in position by meansof the cap or clamping member 20, mounted to rock upon a pivot pin 21 projecting laterally from the wall 3. In accordance with my invention, the pin 21 extends through the bore of an eccentric bushing 22 rotatably mounted in an opening 23 in a lug 241 formed upon the cap 20, a screw or other fastening member 25 being mounted upon the lug to engage the eccentric bushing whereby said bushing may be fixed in adjusted position. It will be evident that'by this construction the bushing may be adjusted, andfixed in vadjusted position, whenever required, to vary the distance between the clamping face of the cap and axial center on which the cap tilts to compensate for wear of theparts and to dispose the cap to clamp the bit accurately and with any desired degree of firmness. cap 20 may carry the usual leaf spring clamp 26 and its pivoted eccentric lever 27, as is common in this class of devices. For

the purpose of adjusting the bit longitudi- Also formed in- Th r nally to advance and retract its cutting edge an adjusting shaft 28 is provided having at its upper end a milled knob or hand wheel 29. This shaft 28 is arranged in rear of the bit seat 13 and carries a worm or other gear 30 which projects through an opening 31 in said seat 13 and engages worm gear teeth 32 formed upon the back of the bit, the construction 7 being such thatthe bit may be easily and conveniently adjusted in opposite directions for projecting or retracting its cutting edge to regulate its cutting action. The bit may be released from the Worm 30, for removal or other purposes, by tilting or swinging the shaft 28 rearwardly, to which end the lower end of the shaft 28 is provided with a ball andsocket pivotal connection, as shown at 33, with the bearing 34 formed or provided upon the rear side of the seat 13. At its upper end the shaft 28 extends through and is journaled in a slot 35 formed in the web or plate 14;, said slot being of sufficient length to permit the shaft to be swung forwardly or rearwardly to per mit of the engagement of the gear 30 with and its disengagement from the teeth 32. A

latch. plate 36 is slidably mounted upon the web 1 1- and carries retaining fingers 37 which engage under the plate 14 at opposite sides of the slot 35'to guidethe latch and hold it from out- One of these fingers plate in its movements ward displacement.

may be riveted or otherwise fixed to the latch plate and the other detachably fastened by a screw or otherwise to permit of the fitting of the latch plate in positionand its removal when required. The rear end of the latch plate ca-rrles a spring actuated locking pin 38 to engage a keeper opening 38 in the plate 1 1 to look said latch plate in its forward or shaft holding position. By 7 lifting this pin the latch plate will be released, allowing it to be retracted. hen the latch plate is moved forwardly the shaft 28 will be disposed in its forward position and journaled for rotation in its bearings, in which position the gear 30 will engage the teeth 32, but by sliding the plate 36 rearwardly the shaft will be freed so that it may be moved rearwardly and gear retracted in an obvious manner.

Formed in the side plates 3 and 4t at points immediately in advanceof the opposite sides of the throat 6 are dove-tailed grooves or guideways 39 in which are slidably mounted vertically adjustable side cutters d0. These cutters l0 have lower cutting edges 11, shaped similarly to the teeth of a cross cut saw, and are disposed to cut the side walls or margins of a rabbet Or other groove 01 recess to be formed in the work in advance of the cuttingeof the floor of the groove or recess by the cutting bit. 7 These cutters 10 are arranged in staggered relation, or one in advance 'of the other, so as to respectively precede the marginal extremities of the obliquely disposed cutting edge ofthe bit, instead of being arranged in transverse alinement with each other, in order to facilitate the cutting of the margins and the clearance of the shavings through the throat, the shavings cut by the advanced side cutter curling and passing through the throat in advance of the shavings from the rear side cutter, thus insuring the ready and rapid clearance of the shavings and avoiding all liability of the same choking the throat or clearance passage. Each side cutter is held in position at its lower end by a securing and tensioned friction fastener comprising a headed pin or screw 42 having its threaded end adapted for engagement with any one of a series of openings 43 in the side cutter and projecting through and being slidable in a slot 44 formed in the adjacent side plate. The side plate is provided on opposite sides of the slot 44 with thickened portions in the form of friction ribs 45 having concaved faces 46, and disposed between the head of the screw 42and the faces 46 is a spring metal friction shoe or washer 47, which is held bowed by the pressure ofthe head of the screw to frictionally engage the faces 46 and thus exert a spring binding pressure thereon and drawing pressure upon the screw 42, whereby the lower end of the cutter will be held firmly in contact with the walls of the guideway. A series of openings 43 is provided for the reception of the screw 42 in order that provision may be made for the connection and proper disposition of the fastening at intervals when the cutter is shortened by the continued sharpening of its cutting edg Each cutter is provided on its inner face with worm teeth 48 for engagement with a worm wheel or gear 49 upon an adjusting shaft 50. Each shaft 50 1S r0- vided at its lower end with a ball and socket pivotal connection 51 with a bearing member 52 on the sole 2, and is provided at its upper end with a milled adjusting knob or hand wheel 53, the construction being such that by rotating the shaft 50 in one direction or the other the cutter may be lowered or raised to advance or retract its cutting edge. In this operation it will of course be understood that the spring washer slides with just enough frictional resistance along the surfaces of the ribs to properly maintain the cutter in its working position. Each shaft is j ournaled at its upper end in a bearing recess 54 formed in a bearing member 55 carried by the adjacent side plate, and is adapted to be held seated in said recess by a latch bar 56. When this latch bar is retracted, however, the shaft 50 may be swung inwardly on its pivotal connection 51 to move the gear 49 out of engagement with the teeth 48, thus enabling the cutter 40 to be withdrawn from the guideway. Iniorder to enable the cutter to be quickly and conveniently withdrawn, it may be provided with an opening 57 to receive a nail or other implement whereby it may be conveniently retracted. Each latch bar 56 is bifurcated at one end to form knuckles 58 to engage a knuckle 59 formed on the bearing 55, and the opposite end of said latch bar is bifurcated to receive and engage a keeper lug 60 formed on the bearing 55, which keeper lug 60 is formed with a notch 61. Slidably mounted Within the latter named bifurcated end of the latch bar 56 is a latch dog 62 adapted for engagement with the notch 61, said dog being provided with serrated surfaces 63 so that it may be. readily gripped and manipulated and being normally forced outwardly by a spring actuated plunger 64 to locking position. It will be observed that when the latch bar is released and swung open the shaft 50 may be tilted in opposite directions to move the gear 49 into and out of engagement with the teeth 48, and that when said latch bar is in closed position it will hold the shaft seated in its bearings against any but a rotary movement. It will be obvious, however, that through the selflocking action of the worm gearing the cutter will be held fixed in adjusted position, and can only be adjusted through positive actuation of the shaft by the operator. Each bearing 55 is formed with an opening 65 communicating with the slot 44 to permit of the passage of the head of the fastener 42 and the washer 47 in applying and removing the side cutter. It will be observed that the ribs 45 are wider or thicker at their lower ends than at their upper ends, such'portions being connected by inclined surfaces 66, whereby the washer 47, which is initially set for a holding action with the screw 42, will be automatically placed under tension in the operation of inserting the cutter in its guideway and released from tension to permit of the ready removal of the cutter, when said cutter is moved upwardly for withdrawal from the guideway. From the foregoing description it will therefore be apparent that provision is made for quickly applying, removing and adjusting the side cutters, and that by means of these cutters the margins of the rabbet or other groove to be cut will be quickly cut in advance of the cutting of the body or flooring of the groove by the cutter bit and in such a manner as to provide for the cutting of a rabbet or other groove 0r recess in a cleanly manner and with greater ease and less strain upon the parts of the tool.

A. gage 67 is provided for limiting the depth of the cut, and comprises a bar extending longitudinally upon the outer side of the side plate 3 and adjustable to different elevations to vary the depth limit of the cut to any desired extent. As shown, the bar 67 is pivotally connected at its ends with the lower ends of a pair ofvswinging arms 68 having crank disks 69 at their upper ends, said crank disks being coupled by a connecting rod 70 holding the crank disks properly spaced and adapting said arms 68' to swing to equal degrees in unison. The arms 68 are made of spring metal and have bowed lower ends, and the bar 67 is provided in alinement with said arms with studs 71 adapted'for engagement with gage sockets or recesses 72 formed in the side plate 3. The sockets or recesses extend on arcs concentric with the pivot members of the arms 68 and are arranged at different elevations, so that by engagement of the studs 71, under the spring action of the arms 68, with horizontally alined sockets disposed at a desired elevation the bar will be spaced a determined distance from the surface of the bottom plate to limit the depth of the cut to the desired degree. On the face of the side plate 3 is provided a suitable inch or other scale for indicating the degrees of adjustment to which the bar may be set, the divi-' sions of which scale are in proper alinement with the sockets 72. The crank disks 69 of the arms 68 are formed with threaded openings which engage reduced threaded stems 73 upon the outer ends of rotary shafts 74 journaled in bearings 7 5 on the plate 3, said shafts 74 having actuating knobs or heads 76. At the intersection of the shaft 7 4: withthe reduced stem 73 shoulders are formed against which bear washers or abutment,

disks 77 which are threaded on said stems and then punch-keyed or otherwise locked in engagement with the threads, which abutments are movable in counterbores or recesses 78 formed in the bearings. spring 7 9 is interposed between each bearing and the knob or head 76 and normally acts to hold the crank disk 69 forced against the face of the plate 3, thus adapting the bowed free end of each arm 68 to have the desired spring locking action, while at the same time holding the gage members in close contact withthe sides of the plate 3. It will be understood that the arms 68 the studs 71 may be disengaged from the sockets they engage and the gage swung in one direction or the other to adjust the bar 67 to the desired elevation, and that as said. bar swings downwardly it also swings forwardly, 'while on the upward movement of the bar it will also swing rearwardly, the construction being such that when the bar reaches the desired elevation the studs will snap into the sockets registering therewith and hold it in position until forcibly displaced by tion by the operator. By turning the knobs 74 in the proper direction'to unscrew the stem 73 from the crank disks 69 the arms 68 will be disengaged therefrom,

A coiled by pulling outward on r the positive manipula-V whereby the gage may be detached whenever desired from the tool. When the arms 68 are so released from the shafts 7a the latter will be forced inwardly by the spring 79 sothat the stems 73 and abutments 77. will-'be housed and concealed. entirely within the recesses 78, thus leaving the outer face of thevside plate 3 free from projections so that it may slide freely in contact with the work or other object in certain operations of the tool.

Having thus fully described my tion, I claim:

1. A fillister or rabbet plane comprising a, stock, a cutter slidably mounted upon the stock and provided with gear teeth, a shaft carrying a gear to mesh with said teeth,- said shaft being rotatably and tiltably supported for actuating the gear to adjust the cutter backward or forward and to throw the gear into and out of connection with the gear teeth, and means for holding the shaft in position to maintain the gear in mesh with v the teeth.

2. A fillister or rabbet plane having a cutter support provided with an opening therein, a cutter movably mounted upon'the support for projection and-retraction and having gear teeth on its side facing said open ing, a gear'arranged in rear of the support and projecting through the opening for engagement with said gear teeth, a shaft car-g rying said gear, said shaft being rotatably mounted for actuation ofthe "gear and tiltably mounted for moving the gear into and out of mesh with the gear teeth,and'-means for holding the shaft in the firstnamed position. I I

3. A 'fillister or rabbet plane comprising a stock, a cutter slidably mounted on the stock for projection and retraction, said cutter being provided with gear teeth, a gear adapted to mesh journaled at one end for rotation a'ndtilting motion and carryingsaid gear, and means for holding the shaft in position for rotation and against tilting movement and to maintain the gear in meshing engagement with the gear teeth. 7 7

4. A fillister or rabbet plane comprising a stock having a "base plate, a sidep'late, a bit seat, a web connecting said bit seat with the side plate and formed with an opening therein, a bit resting against the bit seat and provided with gear teeth exposed through an opening in said bit seat, a shaft arranged in rear ofthe bit seat and carrying a gear projecting throughsaid opening and meshing with said gearteeth, said shaft being rotatably and tiltably mountedatits lower end and projecting at its opposite end with said teeth, a shaft through the openingin the web,and a latch device upon the web for holding the shaft in position for rotationwith the gear engaging the gear teeth.

5. A fillister or rabbet plane having a guideway and a slot communicating there- With, a cutter slidably mounted in the guide- Way and provided with gear teeth, a station ary bearing member upon the plane stock having a bearing recess, a shaft carrying a gear meshing with the gear teeth on the cutter, said gear projecting through said slot and into said guideway, and said shaft being rotatably and tiltably mounted at one end and adapted for movement into and out 10 of said bearing recess at its opposite end, and a latch device for holding the shaft seated in said bearing recess.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

' JAMES E. MEED.

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