US1387538A - Engine-piston - Google Patents

Description

E. JfGULICK,

ENGINE PISTON, APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30, 1919- 1,387,538, Patented Aug. 16, 1921. 4

R T, i I A m M n n v w 0 n llll 11 71;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD J. GULICK, OF ELKHART, INDIANA.

ENGINE-PISTON.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 16, 1921.

- Application filed June 30, 1919. Serial No. 307,527.

bore under extremes of expansion or con-- traction of either piston or cylinder onaccount of heat, or otherwise. Another object of my invention is the production of a pistonhaving a separatepiece head which is provided with improved means for fastening it to the piston body. A third object of my invention is the production of a piston having improved means for mounting the packing rings thereon. Other objects of my invention are described herein. i

The preferred embodiment of my inven- 1 tion is illustrated in the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is an elevation showing a broken away portion in section; Flg. 2 is a view showing the piston body alone; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the piston head; Fig. 4 is a view of the iston headat right angles to the view in ig. 3; Fig. 5 is'a fra mentary view on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1; ig. 6 is a fragment in section showing a modification; Fig. 7 is a fragment in section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a plan view of one of the packing rings; and

' Fig. 9 is aside view of the packing ring.

Similar numerals of reference indicate like members and parts of members throughout the several views on the-drawing.

Referring to the drawing in detail, the numeral 1 indicates a hollow cylindrical piston body 'open'at'top and bottom and split longitudinally by an incision 2 extending somewhat diagonally from top to bottom thereof, said piston'being normally expansive and adapted to bear lightly against the The piston body 1 bearsthe-oppositely disposed wrist pin bosses or trunnion members 3, 3.which bosses are provided with the axially'disposed pin bearing. apertures'4- 4 adapted to carry a wrist pin, as hereinafter described.

Numerals 5, 5 indicate two tongues or lugs aperture and substantiall carried by each ofthe bosses 3 and projectmg therefrom on opposite sides of the pin aperture 4 centrally and somewhat radially of the piston body 1, said lugs being arranged substantially in the same horizontal plane. The numeral 6 indicates an inwardly extending flange at the top of the piston body 1 the upper face 7 whereof is finished to form the lower wall of the groove for the packing rings and also as a seat for the piston head, as hereinafter described. The

.numeral 8 indicates an annular piston head provided with the annular flange 9 having its lower face substantially parallel with the face 7 of the body flange 6. Numeral 10 indicates an annular wall depending from the head 8, the lower end whereof is adapted to rest uponthe face 7 of the piston body flange 6, the cooperation of the head flange 9, the wall 10 and the piston body flange 6 forming. a packing ring groove adapted to carry .one or more split expansive packing rings 11, a plurality of such rings being shown in contact with each other.

The numerals 12, 12 indicate a pair of pis-- ton headposts depending from said head and provided adjacent their lower ends with the axially and radially disposed wrist pin apertures 13, 13 which apertures are adapted 'to register with the pin boss apertures 4, 4.

Numerals 14, 14 indicate two slots or grooves formed in the outer face of each of the piston head posts 12, radially of the pin in the same horizontal plane, said slots eing adapted to be engaged by the lugs 5, 5 on the bosses 3 for securing the piston body 1 and the piston head 8'together. a wrist-pin detachablyarranged transversely of the piston body 1 and within the aper-- tures ,4 of the opposed bosses 3, and also within the apertures 13 of the opposed pis: ton head posts 12. The numeral 16 indicates a set-screw mounted inthe lower end of the post 12 and which may be used to The numeral 15 indicates engage the pin 15 to secure the latter within its bearings. Any other suitable means may be used, obviously.

To assemble my improved piston the piston head posts 12 are inserted to the interior of the piston body 1 through the open top end thereof and between the bosses 3 until the lower face of the piston head wall 10 engages the face 7 of the piston body flange grooves 14 of the pin bosses 3 and the pis- 6' in which position the lugs 5 and the Q ast/see ton head posts 12, respectively, lie in the same horizontal plane and in which position rotation of either the head or the member 1 will effect engagement of the tongues 5 with the grooves 14, whereby longitudinal movement and displacement of the head 8 is prevented. Thereafter, the arrangement of the pin 15 within the. apertures 4 and 13, as described, maintains the tongue and groove connection between the piston head 8 and body member 1 heretofore described.

My improved piston enables the use of a non eccentric type of packing ring as indicated in Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawing, which type of ring is vastly superior in strength and efiieiency to the eccentric type now in common use, and which may with facility be arranged in its groove on the piston prior to piston assembly, thereby eliminating the necessity of manual expansion of the ring to place it in its piston groove, which ring expansion is always more or less injurious to the ring because oi a slight permanent distortion thereof.

In applying my improved piston to an engine cylinder a slight gap at the joint of the split or incision 2 is made to enable slight contraction of the piston body 1 at said joint when unduly heated or because of undue trictionof the piston within the cylinder bore, whereby seizure of the piston against and within the cylinder walls or bore is prevented.

In the modification shown in Fig. 6 the structure similar to that heretofore described except that the tongue and groove connection between the bosses 3 and the piston head posts 12 is eliminated, thereby simplifying the construction, for the lugs 5 of the boss 3 and the grooves or slots 14 of the posts 12 are wholly absent.

I claim 1. A piston comprising a tubular body section provided with oppositely disposed wrist pin apertures; a separate piece piston head provided with a pair of oppositely disposed transversely apertured depending members, the apertures whereof are disposed axially of said wrist pin apertures; a complementarytongue and groove connection between said depending members and the piston body; and a wrist pin arranged within said wrist pin apertures and the apertures of said piston depending members.

2. A piston comprising a tubular body section provided with oppositely disposed wrist pin apertures; a separate piece piston head provided with a transversely apertured depending member, the aperture whereof is disposed axially of said wrist pin apertures; a complementary tongue and groove connection between said depending member and the piston body; and a wrist pin arranged Within said wrist pin apertures and the aperture of said piston head depending member.

3. A piston comprising a tubular body section provided with oppositely disposed projections; a separate piece piston head provided with a pair of spaced depending members, the latter projecting to the interior of said piston body; a complementary tongue and groove connection between each of said piston head depending members and one of said piston body projections; and means for maintaining said complementary tongue and groove connection between said head and piston body members.

i. A piston comprising a tubular one piece longitudinallysplit contractible skirt portion provided with wrist pin apertures therein; a separate piece piston head provided with a pair of oppositely disposed transversely apertured depending members, the apertures whereof are disposed axially of said skirt apertures; a complementary tongue and groove connection between said depending members and said piston skirt; and a wrist pin arranged within said skirt apertures and the apertures in said head depending members.

5. A piston having a yieldingly expanding skirt portion provided with an inwardly projecting flange at one end thereof; and a piston head detachably secured within said skirt, said head being provided with an annular flange, and provided also with a depending cylindrical portion adapted to coiiperate with said skirt flange to form a packing ring groove between said skirt and head flanges.

6. A piston having a yieldingly expanding longitudinally split skirt portion provided with an inwardly projecting flange at one end thereof; and a piston head detachably secured within said skirt, said head being provided with an annular flange, and provided also with a depending cylindrical por tion adapted to cotiperate with said skirt flange to form a packing ring groove between said skirt and head flanges.

7. In a piston, a tubular body section provided with oppositely disposed wrist pin apertures a separate piece piston head provided with a transversely apertured depending member, the aperture whereof is disposed axially of said wrist pin apertures; a wrist pin arranged within said wrist pin ;apertures and the aperture of said piston head depending member; and a complementary tongue and groove connection between said head depending member and the piston body.

In testimony whereof I have. hereunto aiiixed my signature'this 25th day of June, 1919.

EDWARD J. GULICK.

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