US138441A - Improvement in paraffine-lamps - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY EYDER, OF SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS,

IMPROVEMENT IN PARAFFlNE-LAMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 138,441, dated April' 29, 1873; application led October 2, 1872.

To all whom it 'may concern:

Be it known that I, HENRY RYDER, of Som erville, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Apparatus for Obtaining Light from the Combustion of Paraffine or various other analogous substances; and I do hereby declare the same to be fully described in the following specification and represented in the accompanying drawing, which is a longitudinal section of the apparatus hereinafter described.

In the form shown in such drawing, the appara-tus is designed for illuminating` a railway carriage or a chamber or place liable to have strong aerial currents passing through it, the apparatus causing them to exercise little or no influence on the flame of the Wick to induce such alne to often dicker, smoke, or be unsteady. Furthermore, the apparatusadmits of parafiine bein g burned in it without the necessity of any glass chimney to project up from the burner or wick-tube, the chimney used not extending down to the burner, but being entirely above such, with a space between the two. Such chimney is notonly for the dissipation of the volatile products of combustion, but to heat or convey heat from them into a reservoir encompassing the chimney, and containing or to contain a quantity of the paraftine to be rendered fluid by such heat.

In the drawing, A denotes a lantern-case, prismatic in shape, and provided with tubular curved arms B B B B projecting up from it for the purpose of lixing it to theceilin g or roof of a car. The three upper sides of the frame fof the case I provide on their inner surfaces with relectors a b c, the other sides, as well as the two ends being composed of or furnished withpanes of glass d d e for the dispersion of the light. The ends of the frame are to be tubular, and to open into the arms B, which, by suitable conduits h, are to communicate with one or two air'receiving chambers, O C, arranged in the top of case A, there being between such chambers, or against each, a reservoir, D, for holding paraffine. The chimney E extends vertically through the reservoir D and below the top of the lantern-case in manner as represented. Each air-receiving chamber O has a series of holes or inducts in the lower part of it. Furthermore, there is arranged in the bottom of the lanterncase, so as to project both above and below it, a tube, F, to constitute the outer boundary of an air-receiving space or chamber, G, extending around and arranged con- A centrically with an auxiliary reservoir or lampbody, H. The bottom g ofthe air-chamberG is affixed to the reservoir A, and should be separate from the tube F, the two being provided with a bayonet connection. Tubes h', extending from the air-chamber G, to and opening into the tubular ends ofthelantern-case, serve, with such parts, to convey air from the chambers O into the chamber G, the air so conveyed being heated more or less, and serving to supply the wick with oxygen for the support of combustion. A conical or tapering hood or cap, I, foraminous at the top of the chamber G, fits upon and surmounts the reservoir H,

land constitutes the top or cover of the chamber G, the cap fitting tightly to the reservoir H, and being separate from the tube F. Furthermore, there is to the reservoir H a wicktube, K, which extends into a cylindrical metallic cup or guard, L, projecting into the reservoir, and also above its cap d. There should be one or more holes through the guard, so as to allow the liquid of the reservoir to flow freely into the guard and to the wick e. In the upper part of the guard are horizontal partitions j" j", which connect it with the guard and wick-tube, small cups or spaces g g, each being to hold paraffine, and a small mass of asbestus, (to serve as a wick,) in order to burn the parafne against the wick-tube and in the guard, for the purpose of rendering fluid the parafine on Ythe wick at the time it may be desirable to inilame the lamp. The guard L serves not only to conduct heat down into the mass of parafline that may be in the reservoir H, but it protects the wick so as to prevent it from being drawn out of the wick-tube while the latter may bein the act of being extracted from the reservoir. A short pipe, h2, leading up from the reservoir-H, fits into a longer pipe, t, extending down from the reservoir D. A plug, k, screwed into the top of the reservoir D, serves to regulate the iiowage of the liquid from said reservoir. Furthermore, there is to the wick-tube a slotted cone or air-deflector, m', supported by standards n n erected on. a ring or short tube, o, which encompasses and tits upon the upper part of the Wick-tube guard L, the diameter of the deector corresponding with or being a little greater than that of the opening in the top of the foraminous cap I. rllhe deiiector on', the standards n, and ring o, besides answering to dellect air to the wick, serve to convey heat from the llame to the guard L.

To put the apparatus in operation, if we suppose the reservoirs to be charged with solid parafii-ne, a person has only to put a small quantity of such material in one of the cups or spaces g, and to inflame the asbestus therein, which, melting and absorbingthe parafne, will burn the latter, and thereby heat the wick-tube and guard, and, as a consequence, the wick willbe inflamed and heat will beconducted down into the parafne in the lower reservoir. The heat ofthe name of the wick, on passing through the chimney, will raise the temperature of and render fluid the mass of parafne in the upper reservoir, which, as may be required, will flow down into the lower reservoir and keep such llled or supplied. Air for maintenance of combustion will ilow into the chamber or receptacles on the top of the case, and, being warmed by heat radiated from the upper reservoir, will pass down into the chamber G, from whence it will escape point of combustion. The wick will burn with a steady and, generally speaking, smokeless llame 5 the rays of light from which will be delected by the deiectors and radiated through the glass sides and ends of the lantern-case.

To distinguish the apparatus in question from others analogous thereto, I term it a chandelume.

In it I now make no claim to the lanterncase in part or parts situated over the lamp or burner at the lower part of the case; but in said apparatus- I claim as my invention the following, Viz:

1. The combination of the lighting cup or cups g with the wick-tube K, wick-guard L, and reservoir H, all being arranged as set forth.

2. The air-deliector m', the wick-tube K,

and the wickguard L, arranged and connected as represented.

HENRY RYDER. Witnesses:

R. H. EDDY, J. R. SNow.

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