US1350059A - Drilling device - Google Patents

Description

UNITED STATES PATENT orifice.

HENRY F, BLACKWELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR F ONE-HALF TO NILLIA'M H. STBAWN AND ONE-HALF TO MAUDE A. BLACKWELL, BOTH OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

DBILLING DEVICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. i7, i920.

' T0 all whom z't may concern:

. and also so that Be it known that I, HENRY F. BLACKWELL,

a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Drilling Devices, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a drilling or rock boring device, and an object ofthe invention is to provide a rotary drilling device or .apparatus in which the drilling or cutting Vmember of the device is driven a motor or other-source of power which is so arranged that it forms a part of the device itself. In lother words, the cutting member.

and its power means is in the form of a complete and self-contained unit.

A further object of this invention is tol provide a drilling device of the character above mentioned in which tings or spoil displaced by the drilling action are comminuted or pulverized and forced or removed upward to the surface of the earth so that the progress of the drill in lits Adigging operation is not interfered with,

the progress of the drilling operation can be ascertained by examining the cuttings or spoil at any time withe, out the necessity for removing the drilling device from the hole or excavation in which it is operating. A further object of this-invention is to provide a drilling device which will automatically remove the cuttings or spoil from the hole or excavation which it4 is producing, thereby obviating the necessity for constantly removing the drill from its excavation for the purpose lof bucketing out or clearing the excavation.

With these objects and other objects Awhich may hereinafter appear, I have devised the particular: arrangement of parts hereinafter set forth, and more particularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto.

In the drawings forming a part hereof,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation of the drilling device;

Fi f. 2 is a sectional view on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of one of the drill-casing rollers and the mounting therefor;

the borings, cutn Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view of the' casing, and intermediate the upper and lower,

ends of the saine, is the power means of the drill comprising a motor 2, which is preferably of a form that 'its frame 3 fits snugly within the casing 1. The motor may be of any special or conventional form and is preferably a small alternate current electric mo- Ytor ofthe squirrel cage, rotating-field type,

of two or three phases. This type of motor is believed to be very suitably adapted to perform the work for which it is intended inV this instance.

The motor is provided with the usual fieldwinding stator 4, and rotor 5. The rotor 5 is preferably tubular or hollow, and fixed to and extending through the same is a hollow shaft 6. This shaft 6 projects above and below the frame 3 of the motor and passes through the water tight washers or glands 7, which are secured within the casing above and below the motor to prevent moisture from obtaining access to the saine. Secured to the lower end of the tubular shaft 6 is a laterally extending, flanged member or spider 8, which is provided with a pair of downwardly projecting pins 9, which are placed diametrically opposite one another, and upon each one of these pins is rotatably mounted a pinion gear 10. The lends of the pins 9 are connected by a washer or plate 11 to hold these pins at constant distances and to hold the pinions-l() in place. The pinions 10 mesh with an internal or ring gear 12, which is in the nature of an annular rack and which is fixed to the wall of the casing and thus held stationary while the device is in operation. These pinions 10 also mesh with an internal gear 13 which is secured upon the end of a hollow or tubular shaft 14 extending vertically through the vso casing 1 below the motor. The hollow shaft 14 is mounted to rotate in a bearing 15, secured within the casing, and this bearing 15 is provided with shoulders 16 which support andV actas a bearing for the downwardly-extending end of the internal gear 13. Mounted upon and secured t'o the tubular shaft 14 is a supporting plate or thrust collar 17 which forms a shoulder or supfort for a thrust bearing 18. The thrust bearing 18 is thus interposed between the supporting member 17 and the lower end of the bearing 15. The lower end of the-casing 1 is closed by means of a gland or stuffing box 19 which forms a bearing for the tubular shaft 14 adjacent its end, and said tubular shaft 14 rotates therein and has its lower end projecting beneath the end of the tubular casing 1.l Threaded upon the projecting end of the tubular shaft 14 is the cutting or drill .head 20. This cutting head 20 is in the nature of a conical member, and is provided with a central,l bore 21, which is provided .for a portion of its depth with screwthreads 22, which permit the head to thread upon rgaging screw threads on the tubular shaft plurality of rotary toothed cutters 22, which are in the4 nature of star-wheels and are rotatably mounted upon pins 23 in the head. The rotarycutting members 22 arepreferably placed in staggered alinement asindicated in F ig'. 5, andare mounted in theI sides of the cutting head, as well as in the under face of the same as shown.

The preferred arrangement of these cutting members 22 is disclosed in Figs. 4 and 5, although the same may be 'modified to accord with the different forms of cutting heads that are readily applicable for use in connection with my improved drillingdevice.

The internal gears 12 and 13, together with the. inions 10, comprise a reduction gearing w ich drives the tubular shaft 14, with itsvattached'cutting head 20, at a much lower speed than the speed of the motor 2 in a manner which will now be described.

The internal gear or rack 12 is, as heretofore mentioned, stationary orfixed to the casing 1 of the device, while the internal gear 13 is secured to and rotates with the tubular shaft 14. The rotatable internal gear 13 is lprovided with two teeth more than the fixed gear 12 so that at each revolution of the fianged plate member or spider 8 the internal gear 13 will be advanced two teeth. Assuming that the motor is revolving at 1200 revolutions per minute and this internal gear 13 is advanced two teeth per revolution or 240() teeth per minute, and assuming that the gear 13 has 68 teeth, and the fixed gear 12 has 66 teeth, the gear 13 will thus be rotated 36 revolutions per he cutting head 20 is provided with al minute, consequently driving the cutting head 20 at this speed. The above is merely one illustration of the manner inwhich the reduction gearing can be arranged1 vand it will be understood that many arrangements arev applicable to obtain different speeds of the cutting head 20. The flange' plate member or spider 8 may also be provided with as many pinions 10 as desired, and to secure proper results, the internal ear 13 should be provided with an amount o teeth more than the teeth on the fixed internal gear 12 as there are pinions.

Through the medium of the above mentioned reduction gearing, it will be seen that pump 26 which is preferably of the three stage form, that is, it is provided with three sets vof impelling vanes 27, placed one set above the other. .While three sets of superimposed vanes 27 may be preferably used, additional sets or fewer sets may be utilized to produce the requisite suction, or the form of the pump may be modified as required. The suction tube 24 is provided with discharge openings 25a, andthe tubular shaft 6 is provided with corresponding' openings, so that the pump 26 A,can exhaust or exert suction through the tube 24..

From the foregoing, the operation of my improved drilling device will be readily understood. The motor is connected to wires 28 which extend through the upper plate 29 of the casing, and pass through a suitable conduit 30 which projects through the plate 29 as disclosed in Fig. 1, and these wires extend to any suitable source of power to operate the motor 2. The operation of thc motor causes a rotation of the cutter head 1 at a reduced speed due to the reduction gearing heretofore described, and the digging operation begins. The rotary toothed cutting members 22 pulverize or comminute the cutting or spoil into such small particles that it, together with water or other liquid matter that the pump may contact with during the digging operation, is drawn by the suction of the pump through the bore l21 of the cutting head 20 up through the tube 24 through the tubular shafts 6 and 14. i

and into the first set of impelling vanes 27 of the centrifugal suction-pump. The first set of vanes 27 passes the material thusy drawn upward to the second set of vanesy and finally to the third set and so on. This.

cutting or"spoil is passed through lthe discharge opening 31 of the pump. The dis-v charge opening 31 may be connected to a hose of suitable length so that the hose extends up to the surfaceiof the earth, and persons at that point may-lkeep continual vwatch on the material. that is being displaced by the drilling device and exhausted therefrom. By this arrangement, the progress of the drill may be constantly noted without the necessity for causing it to cease its operation.

' A gasket or washer 35 is preferably placed -intermediate the circumferential flange 33 and theface of the casing to prevent the entrance of water and to prevent leakage of l :lubricating on which may be placed within lthecasing' to properly lubricate the mechanism contained therein.

` vspring 35 whichbears against and tends to Contained within the cup 32 is a coil i forceoutward a plate 36 in which is mounted a roller 37, the plate being provided with `bearings/38 to receive the axle 39 of the roller and allow free rotation of the same. Secured over the circumferential flange 33 of the cup'32 is a plate 40, which is provided Awith a rectangular opening or slot 41 through which the roller 37 may project. rIhe slot 4l through which the roller 37 projects holds the roller in such a position that its'plan'e is-always parallel with the axis of the drilling device. The opening 41 in the plate 40 is smaller in diameter than the bearing plate 36, and thus it acts as a stop or abutment for the same, and limits the outward movement of the roller 37. Each of these rollers is thus resiliently mounted, and as they have their planes parallel with the axis of the drilling device they are only rotatable in the direction that the drilling device is operating. These rollers 37, by reason of their construction, thus resiliently bear against the walls of the excavation pro duced by the drilling device, and as they are only rotatable in the direction of the move ment of the device, they prevent rotation of the casing 1 withinits excavation, and provide the reaction against which the cutter vhead may work. The thrust bearing 13 peris suspended, and any extra weights which may be needed to force the cutting'head against its work. The drilling device is preferably provided with an eye 42 at each side of the casing at the upper end thereof for engagement by the right hand and left -hand laid ropes or other tackle to prevent turning or twisting when the drilling device is to be lowered and removed from the excavation which it produces.

,From the foregoing, it is obvious that my linvention is. not to be restricted to Vthe exact embodiment shown, `but is broad suction exerting means driven by the power means for causing the comminuted material to be drawn through said passage.

'2. A device of the class described, comprising a casing, a motor within said casing, a shaft driven from said motor, a cutting head on said shaft, a continuous suction passage extending through the cutting head, the shaft and the motor and a suction pump driven by said motor.

3. A device of the class described comprising a casing, a motor contained within said casing, a cutting head below the end of the casing driven by said motor, a suction pump within the casing and driven by the motor and a suction tube extending through the casing and into the cuttting head.

4. A device of the class described having a casing, a motor within the same, drilling mechanism driven by the motor, a suction tube extending through the casing and drilling means, and a suction pump within the casing and driven by the motor.

5. A device of the class described having a casing having a plurality of openings in its side walls, removable cups in said openings, springs in said cups, bearings adapted to be thrust outwardly by said springs` rollers mounted in said bearings and stops for limiting outward movement of said bearings. y

6. A device of the class described, comprising a casing having an opening in its side-wall, a cup mounted in said opening,i

' prising a tubular casing, a shaft and driving means for said shaft withinthe casing, a suction tube extending through said shaft, means for exertingA suction through said suction tube a cutting head and means for driving said cutting head at a lower .speed than'the speed of the driving means within the casing.

8. A device of the class described, comprising a casing, a motor mounted within said casingfa tubular shaft driven by said motor, a tubular shaft driven at a reduced speed by the motor driven shaft, a cutting -head driven by the l'ast mentioned shaft, a suction tube extendin through said shafts and through the cutting head, and means for exertingsuction through said suction tube. y 9. A device of the class described, comprising a casing, a shaft within the-same, power means for driving said shaft, a suction pump driven by one end of said shaft, Speed reducing means on the other end of said shaft, a cutter head, a shaft upon which said head is mounted, said cutter head shaft being driven by said speed reduction means, a suction tube extending through both of said shafts and connected. to the suction 10. A device ofthe class described, comprising a casing, a hollow shaft Within the same, means within said casing for rotating said hollow shaft, a cutting head on the end of said hollow shaft, a suction tube extending through said shaft and means for exerting suction through said tube.

11. A device of the class described, comprising a tubular casing, a hollow shaft rotatably mounted within the same, power means contained within said casing for rotatin said hollow shaft, a cutting head secured on theend of said hollow shaft, a plurality of cutting members rotatably mounted on said cutting Vhead,r a suction tube extending th'rough said hollow shaft, a pump for exerting suction through said tube and means for driving said pump.

12. A device of the class described, com- I prising a tubular casing, a hollow shaft rotatably mounted within the same, a motor contained within the casing, means for rotating the hollow shaft at a lower speed than the speed of the motor, a conical cutting head secured to one end of said hollow shaft, a suction tube extending through said hollow shaft, and a motor-driven suction pump connected to said suction tube.

13. A device of the class described, comprising an elongated tubular casing, a motor mounted Within said casing, a shaft driven by said motor, a suction pump driven by one end of said shaft, a laterally extending member on the other end of said shaft, said laterally extending member having a plurality of projections, a pinion rotatably mounted on each of said projections, an internal gear with which said pinions mesh, a shaft secured to said gear, and a cutting Ahead attached to the end ofsaid shaft.

14. A device of the class described, comprising a casing, a motor mounted within the same, a` motor driven shaft, a suction pump driven by said shaft, a lateral member on one end of 4said shaft, pinions rotatably mounted on said member, a gear engaged by said pinions and rotated by the same, 'a shaft on which said gear is Afixed and a cutting head attached to the end of said shaft.

15. A device of the class described, comprising va casing, a motor mounted within said casing, said motor having a hollow,

shaft, another hollow shaft driven by said motor, a cutting head on said last mentioned shaft, a suction tube extending through both of the shafts and the cutting head and means vopposite end of said motor shaft, 'pinions rotatably mounted upon said lateral projection, an annular rack secured within the casing, and adapted to` mesh with'said pinsaid pinions and be rotate thereby, said gear having a greater number of teeth than the annular rack, a shaft secured to said. gear, and a cuttin head secured to said shaft. l

17. n a device of the class described, a casing, an electric motor mounted within the same, said motor having a hollow shaft, another hollow shaft rotatably mounted within the casing, speed reduction means between the said hollow shafts so that the last mentioned hollow shaft is driven at a reduced speed, a cutting head on the last mentioned hollow shaft having a plurality of rotatably mounted cutters, a suction tube extending through both of the hollow shafts and a suction pump connected to the suction tube.

18. A device of the class described, coinprising a casing, a hollow shaft rotatably mounted within the same, a motor, and means intermediate of said motor and the hollow shaft for driving said shaft at a lower speed than the speed at which the motor is driven, a cutting head attached to said shaft and a suction' tube extending through the cutter head and through the hollow shaft, and suction-exerting means connected to the suction tube.

19. A device of the class described, comprising a casing, a motor mounted within the same, a shaft within the casing, and driven by said motor, a cutting head fixed on one end of said shaft, an opening in the lower ids' iis

95 ions, an internal gear ada ted to mesh with end of said eutting head, and a suction tube mounted cutting members, Said cutting head 10 extending through said shaft and into the also having a suction opening, a. suction tube opening 1n the Cuttingl head. extending through said shaft und entering 20. A device of the class described, cominto said suction opening and means for exprising a casing, a motor mounted Within the erting suction through said tube.'

same, a shaft Within the casing driven by Signed at the village ofHigh1and,county l5 said motor, a cutting head fixed on one end of Ulster, State of New York, this 11th day of said shaft, said cutting head being proof February, 1920.

vided with a plurality of toothed, rotatably HENRY F. BLACKWELL.

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