US1349501A - Magnetic separator - Google Patents

Description

M. UINGS.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-2.1918.

Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

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Patented Aug. 10, 1920.

M DINGS MAGNETIC SEPARATOR- APPLICATION FILED AUG.2. I918.

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MAGNETIC sEPAnAToR;

Application filed August 2, 1918-. ,Serial No. 247,917. f I

To all whom itmag concern: r Be it known that I, MY oN- DING-s, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milwaukee, county of Milwaukee, and State of Wisconsin, have invented new and-useful Improvements in Magnetic Separators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in magnetic separators with particular reference to the so-called cross conveyer-type of separator, in which'the material to be separated is conveyed in one direct on into a ried transversely to amagnetically neutral zone at one side thereof, where thelifted I material is allowed to drop intoa hopper upon a receiving conveyer,"the' residue on the main conveyer pass ng directly through the magnetic field to another point of delivery.

In the magnetic separators of this type "as; heretofore manufactured, the capacity of any given unit is limited," and the units are also limited in size bythequantity of suspended magnetite wh'ich can be carried by the upper or transverselyrmoving conveyer without interfering with the movement of the non-magnetic material carried by the main conveyer. It is, well known that the particles of magnetite tenure adhere to the cross conveyer and to each other in the form of so-called tresses,the, particles first lifted becoming magnetized by' induction, and attracting other particles thereto, whereby a series of particles hang suspended one from another The cross conveyer therefore tends to become quickly "overloaded in such a manner as to obstruct the movement of material carried by the main conveyer, and also tends to mechanically sweep some of the nonmagnetic material transversely of the conveyer, and delivering it into the hopper intended to; receive the magnetite only, thus contaminating the magnetic product. n W

The object of my invention'is to provide means for freely unloadingthe'cro ss conveyer at predetermined.po'intsaloiig the line of its travel across the main 'conveyenland in such, a manneras to effect a definite sepa--' Like parts In thisgmanner, I propose to increase the Specification ofLettersratent. I fi a lm f i capacity and size of myimprovedma'gnetic separators to anydesired extent.

":Another object of my: invention" is to provide a cross conveyer which will notsag or get out of shape, but which. can be formed of material of minimum thickness having a .*.perfectlyeven smooth surface all in one 'plane, whereby extremely delicate adjustiments are possible, and whereby the dimensions of the'air gaps may be reduced to a m nimum. Wherecros's conveyers of the magnetic field and the magnetizable portion lifted from the conveying means and carbelt' type. are used the necessity for frequently renewing the belts causes consid-, .erable expense, delay and trouble. i Such belts must of necessity be quite thick to robtain suchstrength to resist sagging strains,'ri

splicingxjoints, or repair, joints, reduce ir,-; regular thick ends anduneven surfaces which arevery detrimental to perfect workingconditions; I have discovered thatmy r upon a circular hoop" under sufiicient' tension to support it in a true horizontal plane.

objects canbe best attained byemploying a revolving disk composed of fabric" stretched This fabric when so used may comprise very thin material, and the'surfacethereof may be kept smooth and evenby the tension. A further object'of my invention is to inof the revolving conve er, whereby the load upon'the conveyer istributed along both radial and circularli nes, and wher'ebythe wear is reduced to a m nimum; Further,

myobject is to provide means whereby the separated materials;,-magnetizable and nonmagneticfareall delivered at ther'ez'ir'end of the main conveyer, into a series of re---' I ceivers prov ded for "that purpose. y *Inthedrawings Figurelis a" pla l view of'myimproved magnetic separator, illustrating onlyLthe working elements,'the frame beinglomitted.

ion

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the -same,- i

showing: the main conveyer,;and the "revolving cross conveyer transverse section, drawn to a plane'c'utting the center-of the cross conveyer "Fig. 3 is a sectionalview, drawn on line 3f 3iofFig.fl. I v ,FigQLis a 'detailview of the uppermagnet, as seen fromthe'undersideJ c identified by the' same refl, I g

erence characters throughout the several views. 7

An electro magnet 1, the winding 2 of which isillustrated in section in Fig. 3, is provided with a set of pole pieces 4 and 5 atits respective ends. An induced magnet 7 is superposed, and is provided at its end withthe depending pole pieces which are preferably formed with a series of arcuate ribs 9. and 10, each of which is curved in an arc, described substantially from the cen ter of the magnet 7. This center is located in avertical line drawn through the center of the revolving cross conveyer hereinafter described.

I preferably arrange the arcuate members 7 or ribs 9 and 10 in pairs at different radial distances from said vertical center line as best shown inFig. 4, and as also indicated by dotted linesin Fig. 1. All of these ribs, however, directly overhang the pole pieces 4, and constitute polar projections into which the magnetic lines of force are concentrated,

by reason of the reduced dimensions of the front and rear ends respectively. The material to be separated is delivered to this belt through a hopper 15, which has a plurality of feed openings16 in the bottom, (Fig. 1), spaced apart for a purpose which will now be explained.

'It will be observed, (Fig. 2) that the apron 12 is subdivided into longitudinally extending bands by providing the outer surface with thickened strips 18 having raised marginal portions or ribs 19, thereby forming shallow troughs 20 extending longitudinally of the apron, and separated by intervening troughs 21, the bottoms of which comprise the thinner portions of the apron.

Immediately above the apron and between it and the magnet 7 a non-magnetic disk 25 is mounted to revolve upon a central axis co-inciding with the central vertical line above referred to. This disk is preferably composed of fabric, and its margins are secured to a circular rim 27, preferably formed of wood. The fabric is tightly stretched in all directions, whereby it may be held by the rim in a true horizontal position. The outer portions of the rim is provided with a circular band 29, (preferably metallic) supported by ball bearings 30 from a suitable raceway 31. This rim is actuated, from any suitable source of power, by a set of rollers 33 mounted upon vertically disposed actuating shafts 34:, and rotated in frictional con tact with the peripheral margin of the rim. 7 The hopper 15 is arranged with its openings or feed slots 16 in position to discharge magnetic field between the pole piece 4 of electromagnet 1 and the arcuate ribs 9 and 10 at the front end of magnet 7. The magnetizable material is lifted from the trough 20 by magnetic attraction, and held in con tact with the moving surface of the rotating disk 25 while such surface is in the magnetic field established by the pole piece ribs 9 and 10. But as soon as the material attracted by any one of these ribs 9 or 10 is carried beyond the rib into the succeeding gap between it and the next set of ribs, such mate rial is allowed to drop into the trough 21 of the main conveyer which registers with such gap. The cross conveyer 25 is therefore unloaded at this point, and is ready to receive additional magnetizable material when crossing a subsequent magnetic field. By stag gering the sets of ribs v9 and 10,as above described, I avoid reloading the same portion of the conveyer 25 while crossing each suc cessive trough 20 on the main conveyer. The second load will be received at either a greater or a less distance fromthe center of the cross conveyer, and both the strain and the wear will therefore be distributed.

At the rear or discharge of the main conveyer, I provide a. set of hoppers or receiving slides 35, each alternate hopper or slide 35 being in a position to receive material from a main conveyer trough 20, while the intermediate hoppers or slides receive the separated magnetizable material from the troughs 21.

It will, of course, be understood that all of the material in the troughs 20 is subjected to magnetic force by a second set of pole pieces after passing the center line of the machine, the magnets being provided with polar projections at each end, similarly grouped and arranged as above described with reference to the front end of the machine. The specific arrangement of the magnets is, however, not essential to my invention. I have not shown means for adjusting the magnets and conveyers, this being deemed unnecessary for the reason that such adjusting mechanism is common in the art, and it will beassumed by those skilled in this art that adjustments will be provided for wherever desired.

I claim: 1. In a magnetic separator, an electromagnet having stationary attracting polar projections subdivided into short sections, disposed in a series transverse to the line along which the material travels, and having each projection in the series also disposed transversely to said line, and sepa rated from the other projections by nonmagnetic gaps.

2'. In a magnetic separator, an electromag net having polar proj ections" eaehsubdividjed into short sections'o'f like polarity, and separated from each other by nonmagnetic gaps; J

subdivided into bands with alternate bands disposed for registry with the pole piece sections and intermediate bands disposed c for registry with the gaps between them, and means, carried by the conveyer, for separating'material on the bands which traverse the magnetic gaps from the interme diate bands which cross said polar projece tions.

4. A magnetic separator having a stationary magnetic field subdivided and spacedto form a line of short zones of attraction of 7 like polarity, separated from each other by? non-magnetic zones, in combination with'ad conveyer adapted to feed material through said zones transversely of saidline, and another conveyer for. magnetized material adapted to feed such material along said line, whereby the material is discharged in alternate non-magnetic zones.

5. A magnetic separator having a magnetic field subdivided and spaced to form fixed zones of attraction Off like polarity separated by non-magnetic zones, in combine tion with means for conveying material in a plurality of thin streams through said mag netic fields, and a cross conveyer adapted to 1 carry the attracted material laterally into the non-magnetic zones. r

6. In a magnetic separator, a traveling conveyer subdivided longitudinally into ribbonlike strips upon which material is carried, and having intervening ribs or walls I rial through the magnetic fields established bysaid sections, said'conveyer havinginter vening' pads in registry with 'said non-mag netic gaps, J and means for mechanically transferring the attracted material magnetically lifted from the first mentioned-bands to prevent mechanical distribution of material from one strip to another.

7 In-a magnetic separator, a moving conveyer subdivided longitudinally into ribbonlike strips, having intervening ribs or walls a to prevent mechanical distribution of mate rial from one strip to another, and means for magnetically lifting material from'one strip, and then depositing it upon an adyalike strips, having intervening ribsor walls to prevent mechanical distribution of material from one strip to another,means for magnetically l fting material fromone strip,

and then depositing it upon an adjacent strip, together with a set of receiving hopeyer above a polar, segment of pers at the delivery end of fthe conveyeni I each 5 adap ed to receive the. material from one of the stripsa subdivided longitudinally into ribbon-like strips, having intervening :ribs or walls to prevent mechanicaldistribution of material from one strip to another, means for mag netically lifting material from one strip, and then depositing it upon an adjacent strip, together with a set of receiving hoppers at the deliveryend of the conveyer, each adapted to receive the material from one of-the strips, and a feeding hopper adapted to deliver material tobe separated upon alternate strips. c

In a magnetic separator, a conveyer comprising a circular piece of fabric, in combinationwith a ring with which the mar gins of the fabric are connected under ten-' sion, setsof antifriction devices supporting said ring, and a rotary 'memberadaptedto 7 engage the periphery of the ring to actuate" j the same.

t c 11. In a magnetic separator, a, conveyer for magnetizable material comprising a thin disk having fits margin connected with a I non-yielding ring undertension. 3512. In a magnetic separator, the combina-' 'tion of aconveyer, a stationary-magnet having segmental pole pieces, each extending a p in a general direct on transverse to the con veyer, and'a cooperating stationary magnet having opposing pole pieces of opposite p polarity, subdivided into a series of short at-z tractingseetions,each disposed'along lines r generally transverse to the" conveyerand in.

a series which extends transverse to the con the first mentioned magnet. c p 5 13. In a magnetic separator, a stationary electro-magnet having polar proj ections subdivided into sh'ortsections,and T separated so 'from each other by nonmagnetic gaps,-in-

combination with, a conveyer having bands J substantially equal in width to the length,

of said sections, and adapted to convey mateto the bands in registry with ,said gaps. g 14:. In a magnetic separator, the comb1nation with a conveyer subdividedlongitud nally into aseries of bands, and havingdiv1s1onalpro ections along the margins of;

said bands, of an electro-magnet havingpok' lar projections in proXiminty to alternate conveyer bands, said polar PIOJBCtlOIlS comprisingshortsections disposed along lines obliquely transverse to the bands, and me i chanical means operating between said polar projections and bands to remove material magneticallyrlifted from thealternate bands and disposed. upon the intermediate bands,

15. In a magnetic separator, a conveyer for magnetlzable' materlal comprlsing a th1n disk substantially impervious to said material, said disk having its margins connected under tension With a rigid ring.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the-presence of two Witnesses.

MYRON DINGS. Witnessesz.

LEVERETT C. WHEELER, 0. C. WEBER.

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