US1335021A - Carbon comb-electrode - Google Patents

Description

v A. PAPINI.

CARBON COMB ELECTRODE. APPLICATION FILED AUG.Z8, 1919.

Patented Mar. 30, 1920.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

ANTONIO PAPIN I, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO A. MECKY COMPANY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

Application filed August 28, 1919.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ANTONIO PAPINI, a subject of the King of Italy, having resided in the United States one year last past and having declared my intention of becoming a citizen thereof, residing in the city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Carbon Comb-Electrode, of which the following is a specification.

My invention consists of a novel construction of a battery of carbon comb electrodes each of which comprises a suitable body having members or elements projecting therefrom, which are adapted to be assembled or collocatedin staggered order, said electrodes being supported with respect to each other in any suitable or convenient manner, and provision being made for one of said electrodes to be connected to a suitable resistance and the other of said electrodes to a conductor, whereby, in one embodiment of my invention the device can be effectively used as an automatic electric liquid heater, although it is obviously equally capable of many other adaptations.

My invention further consists of a novel construction and collocation of carbon comb electrodes which are suitably supported with respect to each other and provided with projecting elements arranged in staggered order and having a series of alining ports therethrough, in which an insulating sleeve may be located, said sleeve having one end of a resistance passing therethrough, which can be connected in any suitable manner to an exterior conductor, while the other of said electrodes is connected to the other end of said resistance, said battery of carbon electrodes being of relatively low ohmic resistance when submerged in water and being connected in series with the heating element of due resistance, the resistance of the former being to the latter in the proportion of about one to ten or over.

To the above ends my invention consists of the novel construction of carbon comb electrodes and their adjuncts which will be hereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims, attention being called to my copending application for electric heater for water and other liquids, Ser. No. 820,444.

For the purpose of illustrating my inven- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 30, 1920.

Serial No. 320,445.

tion, I have shown in the accompanying drawings one form thereof which is at present preferred by me, since the same will be found in practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalities of which my invention consists can be variously arranged and organized and that my invention is not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of these instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

Figure 1 represents a vertical, sectional view of a battery of carbon comb electrodes and their adjuncts embodying my invention, said electrodes being shown in said figure as applicable to an electric heater for water or other liquids.

Fig. 2 represents a diagram of said carbon comb electrodes, the resistance and conductors therefor.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in'the figures.

Referring to the drawings l and 2 designate my novel construction of carbon comb electrodes, the electrode 1 comprising a body or wall 3, having the.

projecting elements 4:, 5 and 6, while the electrode 2 has the wall or body 7 and the projecting elements 8, 9 and 10, said elements being arranged in staggered order, the el ment 8 being located between the elements i and 5, and the element 9 being located between the elements 5 and 6. The electrode 2 is connected to one end of the resistance 11, the other end 12 of the latter passing through the insulating sleeve13, and being connected to the conductor l4.

l5 designates the other conductor, which is connected by the conductor 16 to the electrode 1. In the construction seen in Fig. 1, I have shown the insulating sleeve 13 as located in the ports 17 of the projecting staggered elements of said electrodes, said Fig. 1 showing one form of the application of my invention to an automatic liquid heater comprising a casing 18, having an inlet 19, an outlet 20 and a cover 21, said resistance being mounted on the porcelain body 22 having the lower and upper ports 23 and 24: respectively. The body 22 and lining 25 are of porcelain or the like and as the automatic water heater per .96 forms no part of the present invention but is the subject matter of a separate application, a further detailed description thereof is unnecessary, as this is but one of the various devices to which my present invention is applicable.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 1, it will be understood that the liquid to be heated enters the casing at 19 and is discharged at 20, suitable provision being made for its effective circulation by reason of the ports, 23, 24:, and 17. When the electrodes 1 and 2 are submerged or partially submerged in water to the desired extent it will be apparent that the circuit will be closed and if the water is shut off at the inlet 19 by any suitable means, (not shown) the water or other liquid contained in the spaces between the electrodes will partly flow out at 20 and partly vaporize, thus closing the electric circuit, when the water level falls to a predetermined point.

It will be apparent from the construction or application of my invention, seen in Fig. 1, that the current flows through the conductors 15 and 1G, to the electrode 1, through the water or other liquid to the electrode 2, thence to the resistance 11, thence to the conductors 12 and let, so that in this embodiment of my invention, it will be seen that l: have disclosed the combination of a battery of the carbon comb electrodes, disposed in series with the resistance or heating element 11, and that the presence and the absence of the water or other liquid to be heated closes or opens respectively the electric circuit, my novel device in the embodiment shown, having no movable parts and being entirely automatic and operative under all conditions upon the admission of the fluid to the inte rior of the casing 18. It will be apparent that in the broad principle of my invention embodying the collocation of the carbon comb electrodes, the latter-may be assembled or collocated and supported in any desired operative relation, with respect to each other, and thus my invention is adaptable to various other uses than that shown herein.

It will now be apparent that l have devised a novel and useful carbon comb electrode, which embodies the features ofadvantage enumerated as desirable in the statement of the invention and the above descrip tion, and While I have, in the present instance, shown and described a preferred embodiment thereof which will give in practice satisfactory and reliable results, it is to be understood that such embodiment is susceptible of modification in various particulars without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention or sacrificing any of its advantages.

ilaving thus described my invention, what l claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The herein described battery of carbon comb electrodes, each of the latter comprising a body portion and projecting elements arranged in staggered order and provided with alining ports, an insulating sleeve located in said ports and a resistance, one end of said resistance being connected to one of said electrodes and its other end leading 'through said insulating sleeve to a conductor.

2. The herein described battery of carbon comb electrodes, of relatively low ohmic resistance when in water and provided with projecting elements arranged in staggered order, and a heating element connected in series to said electrodes, one end of said heating element being connected to one of said electrodes and the other end thereof being connected to a conductor.

3. The herein described battery of carbon comb electrodes of low ohmic resistance when in water and having projecting elements arranged in staggered order, a resistance connected in series to said electrodes, said elements having alining ports therethrough, and an insulating sleeve located in said ports and having one end of said resistance passing therethrough.

ANTONIG PAPINI.

Witnesses:

JOHN A. Wmnnnsnnnr,

C. D. MOVAY.

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